Transcript American History 1st Semester Final Study Guide

AMERICAN HISTORY 1ST
SEMESTER FINAL STUDY
GUIDE
1 2 - 15 -14
1. The U.S. sent military forces to Bosnia in the 1990s to prevent ethnic
cleansing programs from resulting in broader political and economic
instability.
2. This region has contributed the most to immigration to the U.S. in the 21st
Century- Latin America
3. The pursuit of this economic foreign policy objective cost President Clinton
the support of labor unions and more extreme liberals- blocking
immigration from poor countries
4. Bombing of the World Trade Center in 1993 was an example of the growth
of this issue at the end of the 20th century- terrorism
5. When a country spends more money than in makes, it is running a deficit
6. Most Americans are most closely associated with this political ideologyModerate
7. This best exemplifies Globalization- A Mexican textile factory produces clothes
using cotton grown in Egypt, and sells those close to Western markets.
8. The term “superpower” refers to the relationship between the U.S. and the
Soviet Union during the Cold War.
9. The following scenarios best exemplifies a “bipartisan compromise” A
Republican senator and a Democratic senator both agree to give part of what
they hope for up, in order to get a bill passed more easily through the Senate.
10. The following is a conservative achievement of the Clinton administration
Balanced the budget for the first time since 1835
11.The following would be considered stereotypically conservative- Pro-Life
12.The following would be considered stereotypically Liberal- More gun
control laws
13.The following was a permanent result of the terrorist attacks on 9/11- The
creation of the Department of Homeland Security
14. The result of the post-Cold War credit bubble popping- Ethnic cleansing
movements in Southern Europe
15.The name of the act that extended the FBI’s powers of surveillance to
prevent another terrorist’ attack- The Patriot Act
16.One effect of the building of the transcontinental railroad was to attract more
migrants to the West
17.The Homestead Act attracted more Farmers to the Frontier- It offered free
land to farmers who would improve it within five years.
18.The Dawes Act was designed to promote Indian Assimilation
19.The government policy of manifest destiny affected Native Americans living
on the plains in the late 1800s because the Native Americans were forced on
to reservations while settlers took their land
20. Brought the first wave of settlers to the West- Mining
21. The following natural resources were found in abundance in the West
during the mid-1800s- Gold and Silver
22. The following provided an incentive for people to farm the Great PlainsThe Homestead Act
23. The mining frontier played an important role in Attracting the first large
white population to the West
24. The Homestead Act gave away public land in order to: Promote
settlement of the Great Plains
25. The Dawes Act (1887) Divided reservations into 160-acre family farms
26.The open range cattle industry came to an end for all of the following
reasons EXCEPT Declining demand for beef in the East.
27.The buffalo were nearly exterminated through wholesale killing by white
settlers and the army
28.The statement best describes mining throughout the West Mining required
a large amount of technology that often destroyed the surrounding
environment
29.The open range was closed to grazing with the use of Barbed Wire
30. The following was NOT a result of the discovery of gold, silver and other
minerals on the frontier- The United States changed from an industrial
nation to a farming nation
31.“Prices and wages should only be determined by the marketplace.” The author
of this statement would probably support Laissez-faire capitalism
32.According to the theory of laissez-faire, the economy functions best when
government Does not interfere with business
33.During the second half of the 19th century, government commitment to
laissez-faire capitalism contributed to Economic domination by business
trusts
34.As the western railroads over supplied the West, demand for western travel
fell. The result to the price of steel and stock in the rail industry was that Price
fell
35. One factor that furthered industrialization in the United States between 1865
and 1900 was the Expansion of the railroads
36.New technologies of the 19th century did all of the following EXCEPT no
Decreased the number of large factories
37.One result of labor unrest about unsafe working conditions was The Haymarket
Riot
38.The competing electrical distribution method was cheaper and more efficient
was Alternating Current (AC)
39.Vertical Integration is when businesses increase their profits and their market
share by Buying the raw materials that make one’s given finished product (eg.
Iron Ore and Coal for Steel)
40. Instead of the government, laissez-faire relies on this to regulate prices and
wages: ply and Demand
41. Horizontal Integration is when businesses increase their profits and their
market share by Directly buying out competitors
42. During the late 1800s, a major reason labor unions had difficulty achieving
their goals was that Government favored capital over labor
43. Businesses formed trusts and pools mainly Increase profits and eliminate
competition
44. The term Monopoly can best be described as A single company controls or
dominates an entire industry
45. John D. Rockefeller revolutionized the oil industry by following the strategy
of Horizontal integration
46. In their Reconstruction policies, both President Lincoln and President
Johnson insisted upon Southern approval of the Thirteenth Amendment.
47. The Freedmen’s Bureau succeeded in Providing clothing, medical care, food,
and education to many freed people
48. Southern state governments restricted the rights of former slaves by
Passing black codes
49. The main goal of the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction was Prevent
African Americans from exercising their rights.
50. After Rutherford B. Hayes became President in 1877, he Removed federal
troops from the South.
51. A characteristic of agriculture in the South after the Civil War An
emphasis on growing of cash crops.
52. By the mid-1870s, many Americans were tired of Reconstruction partly
because Heavy taxation caused by Reconstruction policies
53. A major failure of Reconstruction was that War debts remained unpaid.
54. The Civil War left the South In ruins.
55. Many poor white southern laborers could no longer find work because of
Competition from freedmen
56. The most visible new black organizations in the South were Churches
57. The Fourteenth Amendment was part of a series of laws that Ensured the
civil rights of African Americans
58. In 1870, thanks to the Fifteenth Amendment, southern black men Voted for
the first time.
59. Carpetbaggers were northern Republicans who Moved to the postwar South
60. Reconstruction succeeded in its goals of restoring the Union and helping to
Repair the war-torn South.
61. The League of Nations and the United Nations were created to prevent
future wars
62. During the late nineteenth century, many anti-imperialists worried that
imperialism might threaten the United States’ democratic values by
violating fundamental human rights
63. The effect did anti-immigration sentiment have on domestic policy in the
early twentieth century The government placed quotas on immigration
64. The Pure Food and Drug Act changed the way government regulated
business because The government required businesses to indicate the
ingredients in their products in order to protect the consumer.
65. Reforms of the Progressive Movement • The purpose of these reforms was
expanding participation in the political process
66. Large numbers of African Americans migrate to the North in the early
Twentieth Century because Southern Jim Crow laws restricted their job
opportunities.
67. US business interests favored overseas expansion in the late 1800s to
acquire new markets and sources of raw materials
To protect its economic interests, the United States has long played an active
role in Latin American affairs. The Panama Canal is the most concrete symbol
of United States involvement in Latin America.
68. The foreign policy initiative did President Theodore Roosevelt strengthen to
keep European countries from interfering in Latin American - Monroe Doctrine
69. The federal government's approach to regulating monopolies in the
early 1900s was to break up corporate trusts
70. The purchase of Alaska in 1867 important to the development of the
United States economy because The land was rich in timber, gold, and
oil
71. In the late 1800s, the Great Plains region become closely associated with
the Populist movement because A large portion of the population was
farmers.
72. This statements does NOT describe an obstacle to the assimilation of
immigrant groups in the United States in the late 1800s- Chinese
immigrants worked difficult jobs that many Americans did not want.
73. In the era after World War I and before the Great Depression, American
suburbs began to grow rapidly because of Mass production of automobiles
74. BEST description of the German strategy for winning World War I was Attrition
75. The following was the most significant source of urban population growth from
1890-1920- Immigration