Transcript Proficiency Review

Biology
An energy pyramid is represented below.
1. Which of the following number sequence represents the flow of
available energy from the base of the pyramid to the top of the
pyramid in the ecosystem represented above?
a. 100–100–100–100
b. 100–75–50–25
c. 100–50–25–0
d. 100–20–5–1
2.
Which one of the following does NOT explain
why there is a decrease in energy through the
trophic levels in an ecosystem?
a. There is an increase in biomass as trophic levels
decrease.
b. Energy is lost as organisms grow older over time.
c. There is an increase in the number of individuals as
trophic levels decrease.
d. Energy is lost from the processes of respiration and
metabolism.
3. Use the desert food web below to answer the following question.
Two of the primary consumers in the desert environment are
a. coyote and rattlesnake
b. grass and cactus
c. rabbit and grasshopper.
d. hawk and coyote.
In the diagram below, Cell I and II represent typical
cells.
4. In both cells, organelle 5 is the site of
a. photosynthesis .
b. cellular respiration.
c. resource storage.
d. protein synthesis.
5. When gametes are produced from a parent cell during
normal meiosis, which of the following describes the
number of chromosomes in each cell resulting from
this process?
Each resulting gamete has
A. the same number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
B. twice the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
C. one-half the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
D. one-fourth the number of chromosomes as the
parent cell.
Cell Organelle Matching Game
1. Students will get in groups of 2.
2. Match the picture of the organelle to the
function.
3. Review answers as a group.
1= N
4= O
7= F
10= E
13= P
16= D
2= L
5= A
8= H
11= I
14= G
3=J
6= K
9= M
12= C
15= B
Ecology Review – Food Chains
As a class, review the following diagrams and answer the questions.
Ecology Review – Food Web
As a class, review the following diagrams and answer the questions.
Grass provides energy
for the cow
The cow provides energy for us
We get energy from the cow.
The energy flows from the grass to
the cow to us.
Grass--- Cow--- Human
The arrows show which way the
energy is flowing.
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Cells-> tissues-> organs-> organ system-> organism
Cells are the basic unit of life. Somatic cells are body cells (all
the cells in an organism except the sex cells). Sex cells are
known as gametes (example: sperm and egg)
Tissue is a collection of cells that are similar in structure and
that work together to perform a particular function.
An organ consists of various tissues that work together to carry
out a specific function. Groups of organs interact to form an
organ system. For each organism to survive the organ
systems must work together.
Complete Human Body Systems Card Match
1.
In groups of 2 or 3,students will match the organ system
name to the function and a disease associated with that
organ system.
2.
Review answers as a group

Human Body System Match (can do instead of matching Cards)
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Write the name of the correct system on the space provided. You will use each system once.
Skeletal
Muscular Integumentary Circulatory Respiratory Immune Digestive Excretory
Nervous
Endocrine
Reproductive
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___________________ 1. carries air into and out of lungs, where gases are exchanged Someone who smokes cigarettes develops cancer in the
bronchioles
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____________________2. provides protection against infection and disease A person with AIDS is more likely to die from a viral infection
because this system has been compromised.
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____________________3. eliminates waste; maintains water and chemical balance A person applies for a new job and needs to be drug tested.
A simple urine test can be used to determine if there are any drugs in this system.
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____________________4. controls and coordinates body movements and senses;
controls consciousness and creativity Spinal cord damage can result in the lack of movement; may be permanent as
the cells are slow to regenerate.
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____________________5. provides structure; supports and moves trunk and limbs;
moves substances through body Atrophy in the organs of this system will result in the loss of the ability to move
and may result in the stop of your heartbeat.
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____________________6. protects against pathogens; helps regulate body temperature
(skin) Mitosis works quickly to repair this organ system when you cut yourself because it’s a main line of defense
against pathogens.
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____________________7. transports nutrients and waste to and from all body tissues The protein, hemoglobin, is found in the red blood cells
of this system and is responsible for bringing O 2 to tissues.
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____________________8. stores and digests food; absorbs nutrients; eliminates wastes Ulcerative colitis is a damaging disease to the intestines.
People with this disease have difficulty absorbing nutrients from food.
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____________________9. produces offspring The cells from this system go through the process of meiosis in order to reduce their
chromosomes to a haploid number (1N)
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____________________10.. provides structure; supports and protects internal organs Broken ribs might cause difficulty breathing because one
job of this system is to protect vital organs, like the lungs.
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___________________11. Maintains homeostasis; regulates metabolism and water
balance, growth and sexual development, and reproduction (hormones) Diabetics do not produce the hormone, insulin, because of issues in
their pancreas. Therefore, this system is not working properly.
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1. D
2. A
3. E
4. B
5. I
6. K
7. H
8. F
9. G
10. J
11. C
Respiratory
Immune
Excretory
Nervous
Muscular
Integumentary
Circulatory
Digestive
Reproductive
Skeletal
Endocrine
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Mutations are changes in DNA.
Mutations can be caused by environmental
factors (mutagens) such as radiation, drug
exposure, and viruses.
Mutagens may cause mutations in both somatic
cells and sex cells.
Mutations can also occur by chance.
Mutations in sex cells can be passed on to
offspring.
Mutations in body cells cannot be passed on to
offspring.

Within an individual rabbit, four different
mutations occurred in different genes, located in
different cells, as shown in the table below.
Which of these mutations could be passed on to the
rabbit’s offspring?
Cell Type
Trait
Normal
Mutation
Skin
Fur Color
Black Fur
White Fur
Gamete
Eye Color
Brown Eyes
Blue Eyes
Muscle
Fur Thickness Thick Fur
Thin Fur
Nerve
Tail Length
Short Tail
Long Tail
Gametes are sex cells and mutations in sex cells can
be passed to offspring.
Cell Type
Trait
Normal
Mutation
Skin
Fur Color
Black Fur
White Fur
Gamete
Eye Color
Brown Eyes
Blue Eyes
Muscle
Fur Thickness Thick Fur
Thin Fur
Nerve
Tail Length
Short Tail
Long Tail
Ionizing radiation can damage DNA
molecules by causing mutations. If DNA
damage from ionizing radiation occurs in
blood tissue it
A. can be inherited because the DNA
mutation is in a somatic cell.
B. can be inherited because the DNA
mutation is in a gamete cell.
C. cannot be inherited because the DNA
mutation is in a somatic cell.
D. cannot be inherited because the DNA
mutation is in a gamete cell.
Ionizing radiation can damage DNA
molecules by causing mutations. If DNA
damage from ionizing radiation occurs in
blood tissue it
c. cannot be inherited because the DNA
mutation is in a somatic cell.
Blood cells are somatic or body cells and
somatic cell mutations cannot be passed
to offspring.
An energy pyramid is represented below.
1. Which of the following number sequence represents the flow of
available energy from the base of the pyramid to the top of the
pyramid in the ecosystem represented above?
a. 100–100–100–100
b. 100–75–50–25
c. 100–50–25–0
d. 100–20–5–1
d. 100–20–5–1
A pyramid of energy shows rates of production
rather than standing crop. Once done, the figure
would have the characteristic pyramid shape .
Grass populations can double in a few weeks,
whereas the grasshoppers that feed on them
reproduce more slowly and might double in
numbers in a few months, and the mice feeding on
grasshoppers might only reproduce once or twice
a year. Thus, a pyramid of energy takes into
account the turnover rate of the organisms, and
can never be inverted.
2.
Which one of the following does NOT explain
why there is a decrease in energy through the
trophic levels in an ecosystem?
a. There is an increase in biomass as trophic levels
decrease.
b. Energy is lost as organisms grow older over time.
c. There is an increase in the number of individuals as
trophic levels decrease.
d. Energy is lost from the processes of respiration and
metabolism.
b. Energy is lost as organisms
grow older over time.
The age of an organism does not effect
the amount of energy in an
ecosystem.
3. Use the desert food web below to answer the following question.
Two of the primary consumers in the desert environment are
a. coyote and rattlesnake
b. grass and cactus
c. rabbit and grasshopper.
d. hawk and coyote.
c.
rabbit and grasshopper.
Both the rabbit and the
grasshopper feed on producers
(plants) making them primary
consumers.
In the diagram below, Cell I and II represent typical
cells.
4. In both cells, organelle 5 is the site of
a. photosynthesis .
b. cellular respiration.
c. resource storage.
d. protein synthesis.
b. cellular respiration.
Organelle #5 is the mitochondria.
This is where cellular respiration
occurs.
5. When gametes are produced from a parent cell during
normal meiosis, which of the following describes the
number of chromosomes in each cell resulting from
this process?
Each resulting gamete has
A. the same number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
B. twice the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
C. one-half the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
D. one-fourth the number of chromosomes as the
parent cell.
C.
one-half the number of
chromosomes as the parent
cell.
Gametes or sex cells have ½ the number of
chromosomes as the parent cell.
. Graph
1: Rabbits Over Time
a. The graph shows a _____________ growth curve.
b. The carrying capacity for rabbits is _______________
c. During which month were the rabbits in exponential
growth?
1
Graph 2: Average Toe Length
a. In 1800, about how many people surveyed had
a 3 cm toe? _________
How many in 2000? _________
b. In 2000, what is the average toe length?
________ What is the average toe length in
1800 _____________
Graph 3: Mexico and US
a. In Mexico, what percentage of the population
is between 0-4 years of age? ________ In the
US? _______
b. Which age group has the smallest number
in both countries? _______