Transcript Specialized Structures in Organisms

Mr. Harper’s science mini lesson
with audio
Specialized
Structures in
Organisms
Important science vocabulary
specialized
(SPEH shul eyezd)
•made for a special job
or set of conditions
specialized
Polar bears are specialized for
living where it is very cold.
specialized
Some monkeys have
tails that are
specialized to help
them climb trees.
specialized
This truck is
specialized
for waste
removal.
specialized (SPEH shul eyezd)
A dentist is
specialized
for taking
care of teeth.
Important science vocabulary
structure
(STRUK chur)
• anything composed of
parts arranged together
in some way
structure
A house is a structure
where people can live.
structure
A giraffe’s
long neck is
a structure
that helps it
reach food.
structure
Roads are
man-made
structures that
help us get
where we
want to go.
structure
Blood vessels are
tube-like structures
that carry blood
through the body.
Your hand
is a structure.
bones
blood vessels
It is made of parts
arranged together.
skin
nerves
muscles
nails
Important science vocabulary
system
(SIS tum)
• a group of parts or
structures organized to
perform a function
system
All roads and streets are connected
to form a transportation system.
system
This is a map of our national
transportation system.
system
The circulatory
system transports
blood to every
part of the body.
system
The blood vessels
in your body are
a transportation
system for your
blood.
The parts in a
system all work
together.
system
The digestive
system processes
our food to give
us energy to live.
The organs in this
system all work
together to do an
important function.
Important science vocabulary
function
(FUNK shun)
• The job or purpose for which
something is designed
function
The function of
a garbage truck
is picking up
trash.
function
The function of
a toothbrush is to
keep your teeth
clean and healthy.
function (FUNK shun)
The heart’s
function is to
pump blood
through your
blood vessels.
function
The function of
blood vessels is
to transport
blood to every
part of your body.
Important science vocabulary
organism
(OR gun iz um)
• a living thing;
any plant or animal
An organism may be
large or small.
whale shark
bacteria
It’s too small
to see
All organisms are made of
tiny living units called cells.
Different body parts are made
from different types of cells.
Some organisms
are only one
cell.
You need a powerful
microscope to see a
single-celled organism.
Larger, more complex
organisms are
multi-celled
organisms.
They are usually big
enough to see
without a microscope.
But no matter how big or
how small it is, every
organism and every cell
must have 4 things in order
to stay alive.
Every living cell must have
•energy (food or sunlight)
•water
•gases (air with oxygen or CO2)
•waste removal
It’s easy for
single-celled
organisms to
get these 4 things,
because they are
all around them
in the air or water.
But the cells deep inside a multi-celled
organism are surrounded by other cells.
How can those
the cells get
the things
they need
live?
to
Multi-celled plants and animals need
specialized structures
to transport
the materials
needed for life
to every cell.
Blood vessels are the
specialized structures that
transport the 4 things that
your body’s cells need.
Blood vessels
branch smaller
and smaller until
they can touch
every cell in
your body.
The very smallest blood vessels are
called
capillaries.
Capillaries are tiny. Their
walls are thin enough to
allow water, sugar, oxygen
and waste to pass easily
between cells and the blood.
The blood in your capillaries
brings your cells everything
they need. Blood also carries
away the poisonous wastes.
Every cell in your body must be
very close to a capillary (tiny blood vessel)
so it can get the energy, water, gases
and waste removal it needs to
stay alive.
Every multi-celled organism
has a system of tubes
to transport materials
to every cell.
Plants
have a
system
of tubes
Plant tubes
carry water
and sap.
Animal tubes
are called
blood vessels,
because they
carry blood.
Blood is how your cells
get the 4 things they
need to live.
•
•
•
•
Energy
water
gases
waste removal
blood
Your
brings
your cells the 4 things
they need to live.
•
•
•
•
energy
water
oxygen
waste removal
Every cell in your body has a
tiny blood vessel right next
to it that brings
energy, water,
and oxygen.
They also take
away waste .
But …..how do
those life giving
materials get
into the blood?
We eat food
to get
energy into
our bodies.
The digestive system breaks
food into chemicals that can
travel through blood vessels
to every cell in your body.
The blood is mostly made
of water so your cells can
always get the water they need.
We get oxygen into our
bodies through our lungs
when we breathe.
All blood goes through the lungs
where it fills up with oxygen.
Blood transports oxygen to every
cell in your body.
Every organism and every cell
must get rid of waste to be
healthy and stay alive.
But cells deep inside
your body can’t go sit
on the toilet.
How do those cells
get rid of waste?
Cells put their waste
right into the blood.
Blood carries cellular waste
away from cells to the kidneys.
Cellular waste travels
in the blood until
it gets to the
kidneys where it
is removed and
sent out of the
body as urine.
bladder
Kidneys are the
specialized structures
that remove cellular
waste from your blood.
They are part of a
system of organs that
take the waste out of
your body.
Lungs are specialized structures.
Their function is to bring oxygen into
your blood.
Lungs are part of the respiratory system
that brings air in and out of your body.
Your heart is a specialized structure.
Its function is to pump blood.
Blood vessels are
specialized structures
that work together
with the heart in the
circulatory system.
The function of that
system is to carry
important materials
like oxygen, water,
energy and waste
for the body’s cells.
The organs in your
digestive system are
specialized structures
that work together.
Their function is to
remove nutrients from
food and put them
into your blood.
Well done!! You just watched a loooong
presentation. Only someone who is really
interested in science would watch the
whole thing. I’ll bet you know a lot more
about life science now than you did before.