Transcript Fetal Pig Dissection

Clean up:
Clean up your materials and work area after
each day. Leave dissection equipment with
your pig, if you leave it dirty, you will find it
dirty the next period. On the last day of your
final IF you leave it for me to clean, or
dumped in a sink, you will lose points and
be assigned a sink cleaning detention 
thoroughly wash your hands with soap when
finished- thanks for all your hard work- 99%
of you have been AWESOME!
5% off the total final grade if any of your
supplies/tools are not cleaned up
http://www.napavalley.edu/people/briddell/Documents/BIO%20105/Fetal
%20Pig%20Dissection%20Directions%20100501.1.pdf
Fetal Pig Dissection
Anatomy Final
2016
Day 1-External Anatomy
• Name your pig – label your dissection tray
with the pig’s name, your initials and your
class period
• Pour pig juice in bucket, then rinse your pig
thoroughly- you don’t want to breathe extra
fumes all week
• Open up the Fetal Pig Dissection on Quia
PPT file OR follow along on the screen
• Record your Team’s Information on Final
Packet- in YELLOW- INSTRUCTIONS in
PINK packet and on-line (PPT)
Let the water run over your pig for at least two to
three minutes. Lay the pig on its side in the
dissecting pan and locate & pin dorsal, ventral, &
lateral surfaces. Also locate the anterior and
posterior ends, pin- record in packet (be prepared
to identify).
Anterior/Cephalic
neck
trunk
tail
head
Mammillary Papillae
Umbilicus
Snout with
nares
Digits
A fetal pig has not been born yet, but its approximate age since
conception can be estimated by measuring its length. Measure
your pig's length from the tip of its snout (please use a piece of
string) to the base of its tail and record this on your data sheet
(number 1 on data sheet). Use the length/age chart on the data
sheet to determine the age of your fetal pig & record this
(number 2 on the data sheet).
Fill in A-F
**Hint- use
labels on
your string
your fetal
and metric
pig
ruler or
diagrammeasuring
using this
tape to
picture as
measure
a guide -(the
your pig’s
first page of
length
group
dissection
packet)
Examine the pig's head. Locate the eyelids and the external ears
or pinnae. Find the external nostrils (nares). Label these parts on
figure 1, external fetal pig diagram. Examine the exterior of the
fetal pig for hair. Describe what was found (number 3 on data
sheet).
Pigs have four toes on each foot. Each toe has
a hoof. The middle hoofs are divided.
Study the pig's appendages and examine the pig's toes. Count
and record the number of toes and the number of hooves the pig
has one on appendage (number 4 on data sheet). Label the toes
and hooves on figure 1, external fetal pig diagram.
Locate the umbilical cord. With scissors, cut across the cord
about 1 cm from the body. Examine the 3 openings in the
umbilical cord. The largest is the umbilical vein, which carries
blood from the placenta to the fetus. The two smaller
openings are the umbilical arteries which carry blood from the
fetus to the placenta. Label the umbilical cord on figure 1,
external fetal pig diagram.
Use labeling pins to mark
each of the structures on
your fetal pig that are in
the picture to the right
(H, I, and J). Prepare all
group members to be able
to i.d. the umbilical vein
and two openings for the
umbilical arteries
Locate the umbilical cord. With scissors, cut across the cord
about 1 cm from the body. Examine the 3 openings in the
umbilical cord. The largest is the umbilical vein, which carries
blood from the placenta to the fetus. The two smaller openings
are the umbilical arteries which carry blood from the fetus to the
placenta. Label the umbilical cord on figure 1, external fetal pig
diagram.
• H = umbilical artery
• I = umbilical vein
• J = allantoic stalk
*Prepare your group- using
your textbook- to explain
3 differences between the
fetal blood circulation and
that of a newborn
Lift the pig's tail to find the anus. Anterior from the anus along
the ventral surface of the pig study and note the tiny bumps
called mammary papillary. These are present in both
sexes. Count the number of mammary papillary and record it
on the data sheet (number 5 on the data sheet). In the female
these structures connect to the mammary glands.
Congratulations it’s a
baby girl!
Congratulations it’s a
baby boy!
Does your group have a baby
Boy or Girl?
Determine the sex of
your pig by locating the
urogenital opening
through which liquid
wastes and reproductive
cells pass. In the male,
the opening is on the
ventral surface of the pig
just posterior to the
umbilical cord. In the
female, the opening is
ventral to the anus.
Sex determination
Male
6= umbilical cord
8= urogenital orifice
9= scrotum
10= Mammillary papilla
7= genital papilla
Sex determination
Female
6= umbilical cord
7= genital papilla
8= urogenital orifice
9= scrotum
Male
10= mammillary papilla
11= anus
External
features
1. Pinna
2. External auditory
meatus
3. Nictitating membrane
4. Rooter
5. Vibrissae
6. Umbilical cord
7. Genital papilla
8. Urogential orifice
9. Scrotum
10.Mammary papilla
11.Anus
Prepare ALL group members throughout the lab- information
on all slides up to slide #20 will be verbally quizzed upon!
Group Check Time #1
for External Anatomy & Physiology
When your team feels prepared to answer
both structure and function questionsplease call me over- and I will sign off on
your external anatomy final grade after
verbally quizzing you on the major features
of the pig’s external anatomy, distinguishing
features between male and female pigs, and
some of the structures within the pig’s
mouth- if your team is not ready I will not
return until I have given all other teams their
FIRST chance at passing the verbal quiz
With scissors, make a 3-cm
incision in each corner of the
pig's mouth. Your incision
should extend posteriorly
through the jaw. Spread the
jaw open and examine the
tongue. This will take some
cutting and force.
Observe the palate on the roof
of the mouth. The anterior part
of the palate is the hard
palate, while the posterior
part is the soft palate.
Locate the epiglottis, a
cone-shaped
structure at the back
of the mouth.
Above the epiglottis,
find the round
opening of the
nasopharynx. This
cavity carries air
from the nostrils to
the trachea, a large
tube in the thoracic
cavity which
supplies air to the
lungs.
Dorsal to the glottis, find the opening to the esophagus. Examine
the tongue and note tiny projections called sensory papillae.
Examine the teeth of the pig. Canine teeth are longer for tearing
food, while incisor are shorter and used for biting. Pigs are
omnivores, eating plants and animals.
External
nares
tongue
glottis
epiglottis
Hard palate
Soft palate
Opening to the
nasopharynx
Submandibular
salivary gland
Pig Teeth
• Canines vs. incisors
Digestive System
Place the fetal pig ventral side up in the dissecting tray.
Tie a string or use a rubber band to secure the front limbs. Run
the string (or rubber band) under the tray, pull it tight, and tie it
to the other front limb. Repeat this procedure with the hind
limbs to hold the legs apart so you can examine internal
structures.
Digestive System
Note: You will keep your pig in this tray for the remainder
of the dissection….placing the pig (tray and all) into a
plastic sack and adding moist paper towels at the end
of each period. Label your plastic sack with your period
and names/initials!!!!!!!!!!!!
The Incisions
The lines numbered 1-4 show
the first set of incisions that
you will make. To find the
exact location for the incision
marked 3, press along the
thorax with your fingers to find
the lower edge of the ribs.
This is where you will make
incision 3.
With scissors, make the
incisions in order, beginning
with 1. Be sure to keep
the tips of your scissors
pointed upward
because a deep cut will
destroy the organs
below. Also, remember to
cut away from yourself.
The Incisions
The first incision should
be shallow- just enough
to skin the pig.
The muscles should now be
exposed in the abdominal
cavity.
**you will need to use this
pig for a week---if you
damage structures it will
make it harder to identify
and finish- cut carefully!
Muscular System
The scalpel was used to initially separate the skin
from the subcutaneous tissue. Once a
separation was begun it was easiest to clamp
the skin with a pin and continue the separation
with a blunt probe (handle end of tweezer).
Another helpful technique for separating out layers
or structures is using the sharp scissors closed
in a scraping motion. Segmental veins and
arteries were visible piercing the skin from
below; it is ok to cut through these. The most
difficult separation was on the ventral side near
the umbilicus. The skin around the arm was cut
off around the wrist.
Muscular System
The fetal pig will not have fully developed musculature. For
identification of muscles use a finger to smooth out the
tissue and find the direction of the muscle striations.
Where these change direction is a good indication of
new musculature or a different section of the same
musculature.
Once the borders of the muscle were found use a blunt
probe (handle portion of tweezers) and scissors to
separate it from surrounding tissue.
It was necessary to reflect some muscles in order to view
musculature deep to them. Sever the muscles near their
midlines so that it can be pieced back together.
Latissimus dorsi
Deltoids
External obliques
Triceps brachii
Rectus abdominus
trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
External
obliques
Biceps femoris
deltoids
masseter
triceps
gastrocnemius
Dissection of the Mouth,
Oropharynx and Salivary Glands
• To expose the salivary glands, remove the
skin on one side of the head inferior to the
ear and trim away the connective tissue in
that are between this and the masseter
muscle. Look for tiny lymph nodes (beanshaped) in this are. The parotid gland is on
the cheek area inferior to the ear. The
smaller submandibular gland is inferior and
a little posterior to the parotid gland.
Dissection of the Mouth,
Oropharynx and Salivary Glands
The sublinguinal gland, just anterior to the
submandibular gland, is the smallest
salivary gland and is more difficult to find.
The latter is more granular and not as firm.
Today’s targets
Pin & Study the basic
anatomy and physiology of
the internal organs of the
thoracic and abdominal
cavities; Liver, Lungs,
Large Intestine, Small
Intestine, Stomach,
Spleen, Diaphragm, and
Heart
Verbal Quiz 1
Dissect out
the digestive
system-get
quizzed on
mouth to
anus- all
structures and
functions
Verbal Quiz 2
The Incisions
Now make a deeper
incision along the
same lines- be
careful not to
damage the organs.
Use pins to secure
the flaps of tissue
down to the traysee next slide.
If you’ve
forgotten
what a
“peritoneum”
is- use your
textbook or
smart phone
to look this
up!!
After you have made your incisions through the body
wall, you will see the peritoneum, a thin layer of tissue
that lines the body cavity. Cut through the peritoneum
along the incision lines .
Spread the flaps of the body wall apart. Cut the umbilical
vein, which extends through the liver.
Once the vein is
cut, carefully
pull the flap of
skin, including
the end of the
umbilical cord
between the
hind legs. You
are now able to
see the organs
of the
abdominal
cavity. Locate
AND PIN each of
the structures
labeled in the
picture 
Heart
Lungs
Liver
stomach
Gall bladder…usually greenish
Pyloric sphincter
duodenum
Locate the diaphragm, a sheet of muscle that separates the
abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity. Find the most
obvious structure in the abdominal cavity, the brownish-colored
liver. Count the number of lobes. Record the number of lobes
on the data sheet (number 1).
What is the
function of the
liver in a living
pig?
If your group
has forgotten
the livers
function- look
it up in
textbook- give
detailed
answers- it’s
your final
grade 
lung
diaphragm
spleen
liver
Digestive System
Find the tube-like
esophagus,
which joins the
mouth and the
stomach. Food
moves down the
esophagus by
muscular
contractions after
being softened
by saliva in the
mouth.
Follow the
esophagus and
locate the soft,
sac-like
stomach
beneath the liver.
Insert pins to identify each of the
structures – for group check time
Digestive System
With scissors cut along
the outer curve of the
stomach. Open the
stomach and note the
texture of its inner
walls. Make a
drawing of the
observations (number
3). These ridges
inside the stomach
are called rugae and
increase the area
for the release of
digestive enzymes.
The stomach may not
Check that you have pins in
be empty because
fetal pigs swallow
each of these structures- make a
amniotic fluid.
legend- before removing any of the organs! It is
much more of a challenge to identify OUTSIDE of
the body
Pigs are ruminants,
animals with
multiple
stomachs. Locate
the entrance to
the stomach or
esophageal area,
the cardiac
region, which is
largest, and the
pyloric region
where the
stomach narrows
to join to the
small intestine.
What is the
function of the Insert pins into each of these
small intestine structures- be prepared to identify and
(number 4)?
be able to explain their FUNCTIONS
during the group quiz time
At the end of the stomach, there is a sphincter, or ring-shaped muscle
to control food leaving the stomach and entering the duodenum.
Locate the cardiac sphincter at the junction of the stomach and esophagus,
and the pyloric sphincter at the junction of the stomach and small intestine.
Fetal pigs receive their nourishment from their mother through the umbilical
cord.
Insert pins
into the
cardiac
and pyloric
sphincters
Record pin
# onto lab
record
sheet
Identify the first part of the small intestine, the U-shaped
duodenum, which connects to the lower end of the stomach.
Pancreatic juice, made by the pancreas, and bile, made by the
liver and stored in the gall bladder, are added to food here to
continue digestion. What specific macromolecule(s) is bile used
to breakdown during digestion (number 5)?
Study the rest of the small intestine. Notice that it is a coiled,
narrow tube, held together by tissue called mesentery. The
soupy, partly digested food that enters the small intestine from
the stomach is called chyme. Carefully cut through the
mesentery and uncoil the small intestine. The mid-section is
called the jejunum, while the last section is called the ileum.
What is the
importance of
the mesentery
(number 6)?
Note and record the
small intestine’s
length in centimeters
on the data sheet
(number 7)- this takes
some patience and
time…your recorder
should get some of
the diagrams
completed during
this time
Observe the inner surface of the small intestine. Run your finger
along it and note its texture. Using a dissection scope, examine
the villi, the tiny projections that line the small intestine and
increase the surface area for absorption. Make a drawing of the
observations made (number 8).
Follow the small intestine until it reaches the wider, looped large
intestine. Cut the mesentery and unwind the large intestine or
colon. Measure and record its length on the data sheet
(number 9).
Small Intestine….Histology
Cut out a small
section 1-cm section
of small intestine
Cut the section open
to the interior of the
intestine and place
on microscope slide
Using the dissection
scope, focus on the
interior surface-get
checked off
At the junction of the large and small intestine, locate a blind
pouch called the caecum. The caecum has no known function
in the pig. Notice that the large intestine leads into the
rectum, a tube that runs posteriorly along the dorsal body
wall. The rectum carries wastes to the opening called the
anus where they are eliminated.
Locate the thin, white pancreas beneath the stomach and duodenum.
Pancreatic juice flows through pancreatic ducts to the duodenum.
Between the lobes of the liver, find the small, greenish-brown gall bladder.
Locate the hepatic duct, which carries bile from the liver to the gall bladder.
Find the spleen, a long, reddish-brown organ wrapped around the stomach.
The spleen filters out old red blood cells and produces new ones for the
fetus. Label the diagram of the digestive system on the data sheet figure 2.
Don’t forget
that each of
these
internal
structures
need to be
labeled with
pins and
recorded on
your group
final sheet
Group Check Time
Call me over when your group is ready to be
quizzed on the ENTIRE Digestive System
Be prepared to explain the travels of food
from mouth to anus: including amylase,
pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin
Be prepared to explain the secretions and
processes happening in the stomach,
small intestine, pancreas and gall bladder
Explain the roles of amylase, pepsin, HCl,
microvilli
Group Check of the Internal Organs
By the end of the next 2 slides- your team should be ready to
identify the following structures and their basic functions:
Liver, Lungs, Large Intestine (ascending, transverse,
descending, sigmoid colon) , Small Intestine
(duodenum, jejunum, ileum), Stomach, Pancreas,
Spleen, Diaphragm, and Heart, Pancreas, Gall
bladder
Place pins in each of the structures- record the
numbers onto your group final lab sheet- for
example #8 = heart
**I recommend having your reader/recorder look up
functions- and write them down for your team to
study before verbal quiz
Clean up:
Clean up your materials and work area after each
day. Keep your pig attached to your lab tray.
Wrap your lab tray and pig in moist wet towels –
pour the preservative that you saved- on top of
the paper towels. Place this entire set-up inside
two plastic grocery sack. Label with your
period and name(s) to allow for you to find
your pig Monday!! Return your lab equipment
to the front tub and then thoroughly wash your
hands with soap.
Look Ahead: tomorrow we will dissect out the
respiratory & cardiovascular system
Verbal Quiz Hints
Digestion of food from mouth to anus
 Including-enzymes like amylase, pepsin, trypsin
Names/locations of sphincters- controlling
food into and out of the stomach
Parts of small (3) and large intestine (4)
Roles & Secretions from the pancreas and
gall bladder
A&P of: bolus formation, rugae, villi
 Maintenance of homeostasis-3 specific functions
Cardiovascular Systems
Circulation- each individual in team must tell
me about the travels of RBCs from right atriumtricuspid valve-right ventricle…etc.
First look at external anatomy of this sysstem
by locating, pinning and describing:
Coronary arteries, auricles, ventricles,
percardium (pericardial sac), aorta, pulmonary
trunk – find arteries and veins going to the
lungs
Circulatory System
Locate the heart. It is covered by a thin tissue called the pericardium.
Gently remove this membrane to study the heart.
Pigs, like all mammals, have four-chambered hearts. The right side of the
heart pumps blood to the lungs, while the left side of the heart pumps
blood to all other parts of the body. Locate the right and left sides of
the heart. Would the left or right side of the pig heart have more
cardiac muscle? Explain your answer (number 1).
Circulatory System
Surgeons and Assistant
surgeons- don’t forget to
insert pins in each of the
structures that are part of
the circulatory system
Reader/Recorders don’t
forget to record the pin #
and the functions of each
of the structures for your
group to reference before
the verbal quiz
Each side of the heart has an upper and a lower chamber.
Upper chambers are called atria and receive blood, while
lower chambers are called ventricles and pump blood out of
the heart. Locate the right and left atria and ventricle.
Notice that the surface of the heart is covered with blood vessels. These are part of the
coronary circulation, a set of arteries and veins whose only job is to nourish
the heart tissue. Blockage in these vessels causes heart attacks.
Anterior to the heart, locate another large vein that enters the right atrium. This vein,
the anterior vena cava, brings blood to the right atrium from the anterior part of the
body.
Now lift the heart to view its dorsal surface. Observe the posterior vena cava that
carries blood from the posterior part of the body and empties it into the right atrium.
Our pigs are
only singleinjected- so
you will only
see red latex
for the
arteries, not
the blue latex
seen in the
picture to the
right
Find the pulmonary artery which leaves the right ventricle. After birth, this vessel
carries blood to the lungs. However, in a fetus, a shunt called the ductus
arteriosus allows fetal blood to bypass the lungs and go directly to the aorta, the
largest artery of the body.
Locate the pulmonary veins that enter the left atrium. After birth, these vessels carry
oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Identify the aorta, a large artery that transports blood from the left ventricle. Many
arteries that carry blood throughout the body branch off of the aorta.
Place pins in
each of these
structures
record the
numbers
Be prepared as
a group to
explain the
function of the
ductus
arteriosus
Remove the heart by severing the blood vessels
attached to it.
Hold the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the heart
with your thumb and forefinger and rest the
ventricles on your dissecting tray. With a scalpel,
cut the heart into dorsal and ventral halves.
Caution: The scalpel is very sharp. Use it
carefully and always cut away from yourself.
Remove any material inside the heart and expose
the walls of the atria and the ventricles.
Study the internal features of these chambers and note where
vessels leave or enter each chamber. Locate the valves
between each atrium and ventricle. These structures prevent
blood from flowing backward in the heart.
Label the parts of
the heart on the
data sheet part E,
number 2 (figure 4).
Label your
dissected heart with
pins- find all four
valves, all four
chambers
Respiratory System
Examine the diaphragm, a sheet of muscle that stretches across the
abdominal cavity and separates it from the thoracic cavity where the lungs
are located. The diaphragm isn't used by the fetal pig because gas
exchange occurs through the umbilical cord. What is the function on the
diaphragm in an adult pig (number 1)?
Respiratory System
In order to see the upper part of the respiratory system, you will
need to extend cut #1 up under the pig's throat and make two
more lateral incisions in order to fold back the flaps of skin
covering the throat.
In the thoracic cavity, carefully separate the pericardium or sac
surrounding the heart and the diaphragm from the body wall.
Respiratory System
Locate the two, spongy lungs that surround the heart. The tissue that
covers and protects the lungs is called pleura. The lungs haven't been
used by the fetus so they have never contained air.
Find the trachea, a large air tube that lies anterior to the lungs. The trachea
is easy to identify because of the cartilaginous rings that help keep it
from collapsing as the animal inhales and exhales.
Label each of
the structures
involved in the
respiratory
system with
numbered pins.
Notice that the trachea
branches into each
lung. These two
tubes are called
bronchial tubes.
Inside the lungs
these branch into
smaller bronchioles
that end with a
grape-like cluster of
air sacs or alveoli
where oxygen and
carbon dioxide are
exchanged with
capillaries. Draw a
picture of the
trachea leading to Label the thymus and thyroid- be
the two bronchial
tubes and then the prepared to explain the functions of each
lungs (number 2). of these structures.
Lying ventral to the
trachea or windpipe
locate the pinkishbrown, V-shaped
structure called the
thyroid gland. This
gland secretes
hormones that
control
metabolism.
At the top, anterior end of the trachea, find the hard, light-colored larynx or voice
box. This organ contains the vocal cords that enable the animal to produce sound.
Locate the epiglottis at the top of the trachea. This flap of skin closes over the
trachea whenever you swallow. Find the area called the pharynx at the back of the
nasal cavity. Air enters an adult pig through the mouth or nose before passing
through the pharynx and down the trachea to the lungs.
Label the
diagram of the
respiratory
system on the
data sheet
figure 3.
Respiratory System
Respiratory System
From mouth/nares to alveoli
Gas Exchange
Lobes of the Lung- right vs. left
Locate, pin and check with recorder for
description of pharynx, larynx, trachea,
bronchi, lungs, alveoli, diaphragm
Group Quiz Time
When your group is ready, call me over to verbally quiz you
on the anatomy and physiology of the structures of the
respiratory system. Once you are signed off begin the
clean up.
Clean up:
Clean up your materials and work area after each day.
Wrap the pig in damp paper towels and put it in a ziplock plastic bag. Obtain a piece of masking tape and
label your bag with your names. Store your fetal pig in
the lab station cabinet. Return your lab equipment to the
lab station cabinet and then thoroughly wash your hands
with soap. Please make sure you are spraying the
pins, scalpels, scissors, and tweezer with the
disinfectant sprays each day- dry off with paper
towels.
Group Check Time
Call me over when your group is ready to be
quizzed on the Circulatory System
If you have plenty of time left in the period- move
on to the next slide on the reproductive system.
Clean up:
Clean up your materials and work area after each
day. Keep your pig attached to your lab tray.
Wrap your lab tray and pig in moist wet towels.
Place this entire set-up inside a plastic grocery
sack. Label with your period and name(s) to
allow for you to find your pig tomorrow!!
Return your lab equipment to the black bin and
then thoroughly wash your hands with soap.
Excretory System: focus on Urinary System
Kidney extraction be careful to keep a
section of the ureter attached
Make a longitudinal slice (see purple and
white packet diagram- pin each of those
parts)
Keep one kidney within the fetal pig to trace
the steps of urine formation and flow
Identify: kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
Identify: w/in kidney (cortex, capsule,
medulla, pelvis)
Excretory/Urinary System:
Learning Targets:
1) Urinary system is made-up of the kidneys,
ureters, bladder, and urethra
2) Waste is filtered from the blood and
collected as urine in each kidney. Urine
leaves the kidneys by ureters, and collects
in the bladder. The bladder can distend to
store urine that eventually leaves through
the urethra.
Urogenital System
Find the ureters, tubes which extend from the kidneys to the
bag-like urinary bladder. The urinary bladder lies between
the umbilical arteries and temporarily stores liquid wastes
filtered from the blood.
Don’t forget to
label each of
these
structures with
numbered pins
Be prepared to
explain the
basic functions
of each.
Urogenital System
Lift the urinary bladder to find the urethra, the tube which carries
urine out of the body. Follow the urethra to the urogenital
opening on the outside of the pig's body.
Urogenital System
Remove the digestive organs to study the excretory and reproductive
organs that make up the urogenital system.
Urogenital System
Locate the large, bean-shaped kidneys lying against the dorsal
body wall. Notice that they are covered by the peritoneum.
Kidneys filter wastes from blood.
Draw a
picture of
the kidneys
on the data
sheet (part f,
number 1
data sheet).
Pin the parts labeled
below- check with
recorder for info
about these parts of
the kidney
Take out one
kidney and make a
coronal cut
Group Check Time
Call me over when your group is ready to be
quizzed on the Urinary/Excretory System
If you have plenty of time left in the period- move
on to the next slide on the reproductive system.
Clean up:
Clean up your materials and work area after each
day. Keep your pig attached to your lab tray.
Wrap your lab tray and pig in moist wet towels.
Place this entire set-up inside a plastic grocery
sack. Label with your period and name(s) to
allow for you to find your pig tomorrow!!
Return your lab equipment to the black bin and
then thoroughly wash your hands with soap.
Reproductive System
• Fill out diagrams on last page- pin these
structures in your pig- for verbal quiz- be
prepared to discuss both parts of
both sexes- and to ID them on another
team’s pig (that has the opposite sex)
Male Reproductive System
In the male pig, locate the two scrotal sacs at the posterior
end of the pig. If the pig is in the later stages of
development, you will find a testis in each sac. If the pig is
in an early stage of development, the oval-shaped testes will
be in the abdominal cavity. These testes have not yet
descended into the scrotal sacs.
If you have a female
pig, move ahead to
the appropriate
slides
Your group will
need to check in
with another group
to see their
dissection of the
male reproductive
system.
gubernaculum tes´tis = the fetal
ligament attached at one end to the
lower end of the epididymis and testis
and at its other end to the bottom of
the scrotum; it is present during the
descent of the testis into the scrotum
Male Reproductive System
On each testis, find the coiled epididymis. Sperm
cells produced in the testis pass through the
epididymis and into a tube called the vas deferens.
This tube crosses over a ureter and enters the
urethra.
Who remembers
the significance of
the word
“vascetomy” in
humans- and its
relationship to an
anatomical
structure of the
male reproductive
system?
Male Reproductive System
Follow the urethra to the penis, a muscular
tube lying just below the skin posterior to
the umbilical cord. In mammals, the penis
is the organ that transfers sperm.
Label the diagram of the male urogenital
system on the data sheet figure 5, male.
If necessary- use a textbook for reference.
Female Reproductive System
In the female pig, find the two bean-shaped ovaries at the posterior end of
the abdominal cavity. Observe the coiled Fallopian tube attached to each
ovary, which carries eggs from the ovary.
Follow the Fallopian tube to the uterus. The uterus is dorsal to the urinary
bladder and the urethra.
Label each of these
structures with the
numbered pins.
Be prepared to
explain the
function/physiology
of the uterus,
ovaries and
fallopian tubes.
Female Reproductive System
Trace the uterus to a muscular tube called the vagina. The vagina will appear as a
continuation of the uterus. Sperm from the male are deposited into this organ during
mating. The vagina and the urethra open into a common area called the urogenital
sinus. This cavity opens to the outside at the urogenital opening.
Label the diagram of the female urogenital system on the data sheet figure 5,
female.
Female Reproductive System
When you have finished with the fetal pig dissection make sure to clean all
dissection tools return them to the appropriate storage place and wipe up
the lab station. Dispose of the fetal pig by putting it in the plastic bag and
placing it in the trash.
Label the
vagina,
urogenital
sinus, and
urethra on
your pig.
CONGRATULATIONS
As soon as your station and all dissection
supplies are cleaned up- your group
earned a 100% on your final!!
After completing the lab- you are ready to
start the individual portion of your final.