Transcript Chapter 6 - Cloudfront.net

Chapter 6
Fearfully and Wonderfully Made
The Crown of God’s Creation
Man is the most complex of all of God’s creation…
Each human body is made of 100 trillion cells…
Together, cells contain 60 billion miles of DNA
representing 70 trillion gigabytes of information!!!
A human heart pumps, on average, a hundred
thousand times each day!
The Crown of God’s Creation
The human body is far superior to the best
machines that modern technology can
build…
Psalm 139:14
“I will praise thee; for I am fearfully and
wonderfully made; marvelous are your
works; and that my soul knows well.”
The Body Cavities
There are four body cavities:
1. Cranial cavity – brain
2. Spinal cavity – spinal cord
3. Thoracic cavity – heart, lungs, esophagus,
windpipe, thymus gland, and aorta
4. Abdominal cavity – liver, stomach, pancreas,
spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder, small and
large intestine, reproductive organs (gonads)
All soft, internal organs are called “visceral organs”
Body Systems
A system is a group of structures which function
together as a unit to perform a definite job for the
body.
Each system is divided into smaller units called
organs…
Organs are divided into tissues…
Tissues are divided into cells…
Body Systems
Division in body systems:
Body Systems
↓
Organs
↓
Tissues
↓
Cells
Body Systems
There are eleven body systems:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Circulatory System
Immune System
Respiratory System
Digestive System
Excretory System
Nervous System
Endocrine System
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Reproductive System
The Circulatory System
The organs include:
Heart
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Arteries carry blood away from the heart
Veins carry blood to the heart
Immune System
It protects the body from viruses and bacteria…
Includes:
White blood cells
Lymph nodes – where the white blood cells
filter out the viruses and bacterial poisons
Bone Marrow – where white blood cells are
produced
Spleen
Tonsils
Respiratory System
Supplies the body (cells) with oxygen…
Includes:
Nose
Nasal Passages
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchial tubes
Lungs
Carbon dioxide and oxygen pass between the blood and air
through the alveoli (air sacs) in the lungs…
Digestive System
The digestive system makes up a 20 foot
long tube…
Begins in the mouth with digestive
enzymes…
Ends with the anus…
Excretory System
Provides openings on the body to excrete a variety
of waste materials…
Includes:
Sweat glands
Kidneys (filter blood)
Urinary Bladder (collects waste from
kidneys)
Urethra (connects bladder to outside of
body)
Nervous System
Coordinates the activities of the body…
Includes:
Sense organs – sight, hearing, smell,
taste, touch, pressure, and pain.
Brain and spinal cord
Endocrine System
Controls activities of the body through
chemical “messages”…
Includes:
Endocrine glands that produce
hormones that control growth and
digestion…
Integumentary System
Protects the body from its surroundings…
Includes:
The Skin
Skeletal System
Provides support and rigidity to the body…
Includes:
The 206 bones of the body…
Muscular System
Provides movement for the body…
Includes:
Voluntary muscles – consciously
controlled
Involuntary muscles – not controlled
Cardiac muscle - heart
Reproductive System
Keeps the human race going…
Humans begin at conception – when a
sperm unites with an egg…
Tissues
Remember…each organ is made up of a
type of tissue…
There are four types of tissues:
1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscle
4. Nerve
Epithelial Tissue
•
•
•
•
Lines all the body parts
Covers and protects every organ
Manufactures and secretes lubricants
Some has Cilia
Nerve Tissues
• Controls organs and coordinates all their
functions…
Muscle Tissue
• Moves the body and parts
Connective Tissue
• Connects the parts of the body
• Make up bone and support the body
• Tendons and ligaments hold muscles and
bones together
• Blood is a liquid connective tissue
• Fat – protects organs and stores energy
Tissue Fluids
•
•
•
•
You are 66% water
Much of the water is found in body fluids
Including blood and cerebrospinal fluid
Includes interstitial fluid – fluid surrounding
tissues
Membranes
Four basic types:
1. Serous Membranes – serve as lining for
enclosed body cavities
2. Mucous Membranes – Epithelial tissue
which line openings to outside – throat,
mouth, nose
3. Cutaneous Membrane – Skin
4. Synovial Membrane – lining of joints
Cells and Matrix
• Tissues are made up of individual cells
and matrix
• Matrix is the material surrounding cells
• The matrix of bone tissue includes
materials in which calcium is stored
• The matrix of blood tissue is plasma