Transcript The Animal Kingdom

The Animal Kingdom
Objective 5.3
Symmetry Review
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There are 3 types of symmetry
Bilateral- body parts can be split into two
equal halves
Radial- body parts arranged in a circle
Asymmetrical- body parts in no definite
shape
Vertebrates
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Animals with a
backbone
Endothermic vs. Ectothermic
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Endotherms are
animals who control
their own internal body
temperature
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Ectotherms are animals
whose body does not
produce much internal
heat
Invertebrates
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Animals without a backbone
97% of animals are invertebrates
Many different types of invertebrates:
Sponges, Cnidarians, Worms, Echinoderms,
Mollusks, Arthropods.
Sponges
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Habitat- mostly oceans
They have no organs
Like plants because they are sessile, but unlike
plants because they do not make their own food
They are asymmetrical
Reproduce both sexually (externally) and asexually
Budding is one form of asexual reproduction. A
small growth forms on the parent organism and then
breaks off to form a new sponge.
Cnidarians
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Invertebrates that have a central body cavity and
use stinging cells to capture prey
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Cnidarians reproduce sexually(externally)
and asexually. Budding is the most
important form.
They exhibit
Radial symmetry.
Only adults can move.
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Worms
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Worms have long, narrow bodies,
no legs. They have organs and
tissues.
Worms reproduce sexually and
asexually
They exhibit bilateral symmetry.
There are round, flat, and
segmented worms.
They extend and contract to pull
forward.
Echinoderms
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They have an endoskeleton
made of hardened plates.
Reproduce by external
fertilization
Exhibit radial body symmetry
Examples include sea stars,
sea urchins, and sea
cucumbers.
They move by using a water
vascular system and tube
feet.
Mollusks
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Have a soft body covered by a shell
Mollusks reproduce sexually.
They exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Examples include gastropods (snails and
slugs), bivalves (oysters and clams), and
cephalopods (octopuses and squid)
Gastropods have a muscular foot
Bivalves are sessile.
Cephalopods move by jet propulsion.
Most have an open circulatory system, as
opposed to blood being enclosed in a network of
blood vessels.
Arthropods
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Have exoskeleton, segmented bodies, and
jointed appendages
They reproduce sexually.
They exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Arthro- means joint and podos- means leg in
Greek
Examples include crustaceans, arachnids,
centipedes, and insects
Method of locomotion- legs and wings
Complete Metamorphosis
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Egg
Larva
Pupa
Adult
Incomplete metamorphosis
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Egg
Nymph
Larger
Nymph
Adult
Vertebrates
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There are five vertebrate groups: birds,
reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and fish.
Vertebrates are classified as endothermic
(warm-blooded) or ectothermic (coldblooded). Invertebrates are not classified
this way.
Mammals and birds are endothermic.
Reptiles, amphibians, and fish are
ectothermic.