Transcript Respiratory System

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

All the cells in your body require oxygen.
Without it, they couldn't move, build, reproduce,
and turn food into energy.
SO, IT ALL STARTS AT THE NOSE?

About 20 times a minute, you breathe in. When
you do, you inhale air.
1) The air enters through your NASAL PASSAGE.
Here the air is filtered, heated, moistened.
Then the air enters the back of the throat.
•
•
•
•
•
2) The air goes down through the PHARYNX and
passes the LARYNX.
3) After the larynx, the air goes down through
the TRACHEA.
4) Your trachea divides into two tubes called
the BRONCHIAL TUBES. The bronchial tubes
enter your lungs.
5) Inside each of your lungs, the bronchial
tubes become smaller tubes (like a tree)
6) At the end of the tubes there are millions of
tiny bubble sacs called PULMONARY ALVEOLUS
•
Spread out
flat, all the
air sacs in
the lungs of
an adult
would cover
an area
about 1/3 of
a tennis
court.
WHAT DO THE ALVEOLI DO?
7) The aveoli bring new oxygen from air you've
breathed to your bloodstream.
 The aveoli exchange air for carbon dioxide.
 Carbon dioxide is made by the cells in your
body

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE CARBON DIOXIDE?

8) The carbon dioxide goes from the aveolus to
the mouth when you exhale.
The diaphram
The diaphram controls your breathing.
 To inhale, the diaphram pulls down
 To exhale, the diaphram pushes up

BREATHE IN
BREATHE OUT

Your lungs contain almost 2414 km of airways
and over 300 million alveoli.

Every minute you breathe in 6 liters of air.
Why is smoking bad for your lungs?






There is tar in cigarettes. Ths tar stays in your bronchial tubes.
The tar damages the hair in the lungs. So the hair can’t clean
the air.
Chemicals in cigarettes attack the bronchial tubes. This causes
“smokers cough” and inflamation of the tubes.
Smoking raises blood pressure
Smoking makes heart problems more probable.
Cigaretts have nicotine. Nicotine makes people addicted to
smoking, so they want to smoke a lot and can´t stop!
Emphysema
Loss of lung elasticity - When you inhale the
lungs expand and contract by the elastic in the
walls of the lungs.
 When you smoke, the tar damages the elastic.
 If you smoke a lot, the elastic doesn’t work, so
the lungs cannot contract. This makes it
difficult to exhale.

What other bad things smoking causes












It can cause these cancers:
Acute myeloid leukemia
Bladder cancer
Cancer of the cervix
Cancer of the esophagus
Kidney cancer
Cancer of the larynx (voice box)
Lung cancer
Cancer of the oral cavity (mouth)
Pancreatic cancer
Cancer of the pharynx (throat)
Stomach cancer
Smoking and Pregnancy

If a pregnant woman smokes, these can
happen:
preterm delivery
 stillbirth
 low birth weight
 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Increased risk of disease
heart disease by 2 to 4 times
 stroke by 2 to 4 times
 men developing lung cancer by 23 times
 women developing lung cancer by 13 times
 dying from chronic obstructive lung diseases
(such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema) by
12 to 13 times




Cigarette smoking causes 443,000 deaths, or nearly
one of every five deaths, each year in the United
States.
More deaths are caused each year by tobacco use
than by all deaths from human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle
injuries, suicides, and murders combined.
Smoking causes 90% of all lung cancer deaths in men
and 80% of all lung cancer deaths in women
CHILDREN WHO SMOKE BETWEEN 13-15 YEARS OLD