Transcript Circulatory Systems

•Quiz!! 
•Everyone’s going to rock this part of the day.
•Finally finishing the Digestive System
•As completely interesting as it is, it has to end sometime.
•Commencing the Circulatory System
•Types and functions, along with homework questions
•Something exciting!!
•Hopefully we have time to get to this part!!
An Introduction
Open Circulatory System
 Common in molluscs and arthropods
 The heart pumps the blood into body cavities
 Blood then diffuses back to heart between cells
 Blood passes from:
Heart
Tissues
Heart
Closed Circulatory System
 Common in earthworms, squids, octopi, and
vertebrates
 At all times, blood moves in a continuous, closed
pathway within vessels of different sizes
Closed Circulatory System
 Blood passes from:
Heart
Veins
Arteries
Venules
Arterioles
Capillaries
Types of Circulatory Systems
Open Circulatory System
Closed Circulatory System
Types of Circulatory
Systems
Circulatory System of a
Sponge
•Sponge is composed of two
cell layers
•Seawater acts as a transport
system, carrying nutrients
and removing wastes
•Nutrients and wastes
diffuse across cell
membranes
Types of Circulatory
Systems
Circulatory System of a
Snail
•Open circulatory system
Types of Circulatory
Systems
Circulatory System
of an Earthworm
•Closed circulatory
system
Functions of a Circulatory System
Transport
1.
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Gases
Water
Nutrients (i.e.: glucose)
Wastes (i.e.: ammonia)
Hormones
Enzymes
Salts
2. Maintain Water Content
 Stabilizes ionic water concentration of body fluids
Functions of a Circulatory System
(cont’d)
3. Control Body Temperature
 Transports heat
4. Protects Against Disease
 Transports white blood cells (WBCs) that engulf and
destroy foreign invaders
Monitoring Your Pulse
 Walking or mild exercise will increase your heart rate
by 20% - 30%. For those in good health, increased
energy demands during extreme exercise can raise the
heart rate to an incredible 200 beats per minute.
 Although few individuals can sustain such a rapid
heart rate, it indicates the capacity of the heart to
adjust to changing situations.
Monitoring Your Pulse
 While sitting still, place your index and middle finger
near your wrist, as shown here.
 The pulse you feel is blood rushing through the
brachial artery in your arm.
 Count the number of heartbeats in 30 s.
 Record your pulse rate at rest and then calculate the
heart rate as beats per minute.
Monitoring Your Pulse
 Remain sitting quietly and place your index finger and
middle finger on the side of your neck.
 You will feel blood pulse through the carotid artery,
which is an artery that carries blood to the head.
 Take your pulse rate for 30 s and then calculate the
heart rate for 1 minute.
Monitoring Your Pulse
 After running for two minutes, we will be taking our
pulse immediately afterwards. Use either the brachial
artery or the carotid artery.
 Record your heart rate.
 Compare the strength of the pulse in the carotid artery
with that in your arm
 Compare your heart rate before and after the exercise
 Do you think the difference between resting heart rate
and the heart rate after the exercise would be greater for
athletes? Explain your answer.
Questions to Answer
Describe the main functions of the circulatory
system.
2. Differentiate between an open and a closed
circulatory system.
3. Identify one advantage and one disadvantage of an
open circulatory system.
4. Describe the similarities and differences between the
circulatory systems of sponges, snails, and
earthworms.
1.
Bill Nye
 Enjoy  our topic (or his topic) is Blood Circulation
 Woot woot!! 