Transcript The Respiratory System

Review
The Heart- pathway of blood flow through the
heart
Blood from upper body
Deoxygenated blood from
rest of body to right atrium
via superior and inferior vena
cava  right atrium  right
ventricle  pulmonary artery
 lung where blood picks up
O2  left atrium via
pulmonary veins  left
ventricle  oxygenated
blood left heart via aorta to
rest of the body
Blood from lower body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSbbDnbSEyM
Try it yourself
1. Label AD in the diagram below.
2. Which kind of blood
(deoxygenated/oxygenated?) that
entering:
a. superior vena cava
b. pulmonary vein
c. pulmonary artery
d. aorta
3. Where does the blood come from before
entering the superior vena cava?
4. Where does the blood come from before
entering the inferior vena cava?
5. Where does the blood go to after leaving
the pulmonary artery?
6. The part receives blood from lung is:
a. left ventricle
c. left atrium
b. right atrium
d. right atrium
• http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article1372938/Live-human-heart-grown-lab-usingstem-cells-potential-transplantbreakthrough.html
The Respiratory System
Think/Pair/Share
• What is the function of the respiratory
system?
• What are its parts?
• What is the structure-function relationship of
its parts?
Respiratory System
• Function: to facilitate
gas exchange which
allows cells to obtain
energy for growth,
repair, movement etc.
Stayin’ Alive!
All cells must carry out
cellular respiration:
C 6 H12O6 + 6 O2 →6 H2O + 6 CO2
Therefore, cells must constantly:
•
Get O2
•
Get rid of CO2
PARTS OF THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
1.Nose/Mouth
2.Trachea
3.Lungs
Respiratory System –Nose/Mouth
• Air gets
moistened as
it passes
through the
nasal and oral
cavity
• Hair and mucous trap large particles,
preventing them from entering
Respiratory System - Trachea
• Tube-like structure that connects the
mouth/nose nasal passage to the lungs
Respiratory System - Trachea
• lined with epithelial
tissue which
• -has cilia
• -produces mucous
• Why?
Respiratory System - Trachea
Cilia and Mucous:
• trap foreign particles
• cilia beat upward to cause coughing to
bring up the foreign material
Respiratory System - Trachea
• Cartilage rings
provide rigidity to
trachea to keep
airways open
An artificial trachea ready
for transplantation.
The epiglottis
A trap door covering the trachea that causes
food and water to bypass it and enter the
esophagus instead.
Respiratory System - Bronchi
• Bronchi –tubes that carry air into each
lung
• Bronchi branch off into smaller tubes
called bronchioles
• (Bronchitis is a bacterial
infection of the bronchi)
Respiratory System - Alveoli
• Bronchioles end with air sacs called alveoli
• Alveoli- thin air sacs surrounded by capillaries
to allow gas exchange with the blood
Gas Exchange in the Alveoli
Gas Concentrat
ion
in Alveoli
high O2
O2
concentrat
ion
CO2 lower CO2
concentrat
ion
Concentrat
ion
in Blood
lower O2
concentrat
ion
higher CO2
concentrat
ion
Moves
from
Moves to
alveolus
blood cells
blood
alveolus
Respiratory System - Lungs
• Lungs are papery/spongy tissue due to the
many airways and air sacs.
• Lungs inflate/deflate according to the
contraction/relaxation
of your diaphragm muscle
Breathingmoving air in and out of lungs
Breathing
diaphragm
Volume of
chest cavity
Air moves
Lungs
INHALATION
Contracts &
lowers
expands
EXHALATION
Relaxes & raises
Into lungs with
higher O2
content
inflate
Out of lungs with
higher CO2
content
deflate
shrinks
Respiratory System in Fish
• Fish use gills for gas exchange
• Water with dissolved O2 flows over the gills
• O2 enters the bloodstream and CO2 exits into
the water by diffusion
Lots of surface area to facilitate gas
exchange.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hc1YtXc_84A