Transcript Fitness & Organ Systems

Fitness & Organ Systems
D. Crowley, 2007
Saturday, April 9, 2016
Fitness & Organ Systems
• To be able to relate fitness to organ systems in our bodies
Respiration
• What do you know about respiration?
• What is needed to live?
• Do all organisms require the same thing?
• In pairs, discuss any facts you know in the next two
minutes
Respiration
“Respiration is breathing in and out”
“Plants photosynthesise but animals respire”
“During respiration, oxygen is produced”
“During respiration, energy is produced”
• Although these comments may sound correct, every single one is
wrong
• These are common misconceptions, ‘banana skins’ of the SATs
Respiration
• Respiration takes place in the cells (it is not “breathing in and out”)
• Respiration is the release of energy (from glucose) in our cells
• Animals and plants respire
• In the light plants respire, but produce the oxygen for this to occur by
photosynthesis - the carbon dioxide they produce via respiration is
used for photosynthesis
• In the dark plants respire, producing carbon dioxide
Equation
• Remember, in a reaction: reactants  products
glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + (energy)
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + (energy)
• Respiration is the process of converting glucose to energy, occurring
in every cell
• Respiration needs oxygen and glucose
• We also have to remove the waste product carbon dioxide
Respiration Reactants
• Glucose is needed for respiration
• Food we eat is digested producing small molecules, absorbed across
the wall of the small intestine into the bloodstream.
• Glucose, a type of carbohydrate from food, is carried around the body
dissolved in plasma, the pale yellow liquid part of our blood.
• The dissolved glucose can diffuse into the cells of the body from the
capillaries.
Respiration Reactants
• Oxygen is needed for respiration
• In the lungs, oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream from the air, and is
carried by red blood cells.
• Red blood cells contain haemoglobin, which joins onto oxygen and
carries it around the body in the blood, then lets it go when
necessary.
• Like glucose, oxygen can diffuse into cells from the capillaries.
Systems
• There are a variety of organ systems which work in order for
respiration to occur. These include: – Respiratory system (lungs; trachea; alveoli)
– Circulatory system (heart; veins; arteries; capillaries)
– Digestive system (stomach; small intestine; oesophagus)
– Skeletal system
Systems
Functions
– Respiratory (breathing) system (lungs; trachea; alveoli) - helps
with absorbing oxygen from the air, and removing the waste
carbon dioxide
– Circulatory system (heart; veins; arteries; capillaries) - helps
transport materials necessary for respiration
– Digestive system (stomach; small intestine; oesophagus) - helps
digest and absorb food for respiration
– Skeletal system - helps support parts of the body
Task
• Your task is to write / draw and explain the journey of an oxygen
molecule, from the air to an exercising leg muscle
• You then need to write the journey for a glucose molecule, from a
piece of food to the exercising leg
• It is vital you add your scientific knowledge
of what systems are involved - e.g. the
respiratory; digestive; circulatory; skeletal
system
Unfit
• Now relate someone being unfit to your new knowledge about organ
systems
• Why are some people unfit, in terms of the organ system - e.g.
someone who smokes is unfit because their respiratory system gets
destroyed by… meaning…
• Write down some reasons why people are called unfit, and explain
why using your knowledge of organ systems…