Transcript invertebrates with new slides 1

KINGDOM
ANIMALIA
CARLOS LINNAEUS
• First to classify animals
• He only named 4,236
• The first edition of Systema
Naturae was printed in the
Netherlands in 1735
• Today more than a million!
MAKE A LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS
THAT BELONG TO THE ANIMAL
KINGDOM
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Eukaryotic
Heterotrophs
Multicellular
Specialized cells
Sense organs
No cell wall
ANIMAL FEATURES
• Diploidy
• 2 copies of each chromosome
• Leads to genetic diversity
BLASTULA FORMATION
(EXCEPT SPONGES)
• Zygote undergoes cell division and forms a ball of
cells which produces primary tissue layers
TISSUE
• A group of cells that perform a common function
• Specialization
• Ex: Muslce, adipose
MULTICELLULARITY
• Which is related to an animal’s body plan
• Types of symmetry:
• Asymmetry: irregular ex: sponges
• Radial Symmetry: parts arranged in a celentral axis
• Bilateral symmetry
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District R and L halves
Dorsal/ventral
Anterior/Posterior
Cephalization
HETEROTROPHY
• Filter feeders or ferocious predators
NO CELL WALL
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• External
• Lg amount of gametes are produced, but…What are the
benefits?
• Internal
• Within females body
• What are the benefits?
TYPES OF TISSUES
1.
2.
3.
4.
Epithelial
Neural
Connective
Muscle
• Cardiac
• Smooth
• Skeletal
Cardiac Tissue
Skeletal muscle Tissue
Smooth muscle Tissue
PHYLUM
PORIFERA
“PORE
BEARERS”
Symmetry
Asymetrical
Reproduction
Asexual: budding/fragmentation
Sexual: hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone
multicellularity
Circulatory System
Diffusion
Unique Characteristic
sessile
regeneration
Importance
Food chain
Absorbent qualities
CNIDARIA
“STINGING CREATURES”
• http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/27684assignment-discovery-anatomy-of-a-jellyfishvideo.htm
Symmetry
Radial
Reproduction
Asexual: budding
Sexual: hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone
Tissues (no organs)
Circulatory System
Diffusion
Gastrovascular cavity
Unique Characteristic
Stinging cells: cnidocytes
Tentacles
Importance
Edible
Protect shorelines
Habitat for others
COELOM: BODY CAVITY
FLUID FILLED SPACE IN
MULTICELLULAR ANIMALS
• Coelomate animals: true cavity: with a complete
lining called peritoneum derived from mesoderm
• Pseudocoelomate animals have a pseudocoel:
• “false cavity”
• tissue derived from mesoderm only partly lines the fluid filled
body cavity of these animals.
• All pseudocoelomates are protosomes
• Acoelomate animals, like flatworms, have no body
cavity at all. Organs have direct contact with the
epithelium.
PLATYHELMINTHES
“FLAT WORMS”
Symmetry
Bilateral
Reproduction
Asexual
Sexual: some are hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone
Cephalization: bilateral symmetry
Circulatory System
Diffusion
Unique Characteristic
No body cavity (acoelms)
Cephalization: (no animals before
group had head)
Importance
Cause diseases
(if wade in water larvae bore thru
skin to blood vessels)
NEMATODA
“ROUND WORMS”
Symmetry
Bilateral
Reproduction
Sexual
Evolutionary Milestone
Body cavity
Pseudocoelm: provides space for
development of organs
Circulatory System
Open: fluids circulate within body
cavity
Unique Characteristic
Tube within a tube
Importance
Cause diseases
parasitic
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
MOLLUSCA
“The Mollosks”
Symmetry
Bilateral
Reproduction
Most are distintive male and
female
Snails: hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone
Coelm: true body cavity
Circulatory System
Open: 3 chambered hearts
Closed: octopus and squid
Unique Characteristic
•True coelm
•Only phyla (group) of coelmates
that is not segmented
•Radula
Importance
Food chain: edible
pearls
TOOTHLIKE SCRAPING DEVICE
ANNELIDA
“SEGMENTED
WORMS”
Symmetry
Bilateral
Reproduction
Hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone
Segmentation
Circulatory System
Closed
Unique Characteristic
Ganglion: primitive brain
Organ systems
clitellum
Importance
Medicinal purposes
Fertilize soil and creates air
spaces
Arthropoda
“BUGS”
3 CLASSES OF ARTHROPODS
1.Crustaceans
2.Arachnids
3.Insects
Symmetry
Bilateral
Reproduction
Parthenogenesis
Metamorphosis
Evolutionary Milestone
Jointed appendages
Circulatory System
Closed
Unique Characteristic
Jointed appendages
Exoskeleton
Wings
Compound eyes
Importance
Food
Causes disease or transmits
Food chain: pollinators!
Echinodermata
“spiny skinned”
Symmetry
Larvae: bilateral
Adults: radial
Reproduction
Sex: gonads
Evolutionary Milestone
Deuterostome
(Pattern of embryonic dev. Where
anus forms @ the blastopore)
Circulatory System
Closed
Unique Characteristic
Endoskeleton
Tube feeders
No head or brain
Regenerate “arms”
Importance
Food chain