Transcript Respiratory System

Respiratory System
Function
• Deliver Oxygen to the Blood
• Remove Carbon Dioxide from the Blood
• Oxygen is necessary for cellular
respiration the process that converts sugar
into useable ATP.
• Carbon Dioxide is a waste product of that
process.
• C6H1206 +02
CO2 + H2O
Organs Involved
• Mouth or Nasal
Passage: Entry
way for air
• Epiglottis:
cartilage
covering to
prevent
accidental
swallowing of
foreign material
into trachea.
• Pharynx:
Throat
More Organs
• Trachea: Ridged
cartilage lined tube
through which air
travels to Lungs
• Bronchi: A left and a
right, branching
system to deliver air
to either lungs
• Bronchioles: Finer
branching that
delivers air to the
alveolus
Alveolus
• Tiny microscopic
air sacs where
gas exchange
occurs
• Oxygen enters
the blood stream
• Carbon dioxide
leaves the blood
How air Enters and leaves the
Lungs
Diaphragm Drops Enlarging
chest cavity
Air pressure in chest cavity is
less then atmospheric
pressure and air rushes in
to equalize the pressures.
Diaphragm rises, reducing
the size of the chest
cavity. Air pressure is
greater now with in the
chest cavity
Air rushes out to equalize
pressure.
How our lungs are protected from
dirty air
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Mucous: Sticky, trap dirt
Hair follicles: Trap Dirty
Cilia: Located on lungs move to
extract dirt
Sneezing: Expel foreign material
Coughing: expel foreign material
Boogers: A combination of dried
mucous and everything the
mucous has trapped
Smokers cough: Nicotine paralyzes
cilia, and in the morning after a
prolonged absence from nicotine
cilia become active again and work
hard to rid the lungs of cigarette
induced materials
Amphibians
• Amphibians skin must
remain moist
• 25 % of oxygen is
absorbed directly into
the skin
• Some also use gills
• Most also have lungs
Gills
• Method by which
some water dwelling
organisms absorb
oxygen
• Used by fish and
crustaceans
Plants
• Plants exchange air
via stomata that
can be opened and
closed via guard
cells
Protists and Bacteria
• Exchange is directly with the environment