Transcript Respiratory System

Respiratory System
Respiratory System
• Made up of your
lungs and air
passages.
• Function: allows
us to take in
oxygen and
release carbon
dioxide, or waste
products that
cells produce
Respiratory System
Cilia- hair like structures in the mucous membrane that filters
out bacteria and helps protect the lungs.
Nasal Cavity- lies between the roof of the mouth and the
floor of the brain, (where air enters, nostrils).
Mucous Membrane- is tissue that lines the nasal cavity; helps
moisten and warm the air before it enters the lungs.
Larynx- known commonly as the voice box, helps remove and
filter particles, and also warms and moistens the air.
Trachea- below the larynx, has ring like structure made up of
cartilage to keep the trachea firm and open for the passage
of air to and from the lungs.
Bronchi- lower end of the windpipe that divides into two parts.
Bronchioles – branches of bronchi in the lungs
Respiratory System
Alveoli- tiny air sacks,
they branch out of the
smallest air tubes, 300
million in the lungs.
Oxygen passes through
the thin walls of the
sacks into red blood
cells, while carbon
dioxide passes into the
sack and out of the
body.
Respiratory System
• Lungs- the pair of organs
that carry out the major
breathing function. Left lung is
smaller than right side
• Diaphragm- is the large
muscle that is stretched
across the base of the chest
cavity and separates the
chest from the abdomen.
• Inhale – diaphragm moves down
chest cavity becomes larger
• Exhale – diaphragm curves
upward chest cavity size
decreases
Respiratory Disorders
These chest X rays compare clear, healthy lungs with
the cloudy, inflamed lung tissue of pneumonia.
• Pneumonia- is an
infection that causes
an inflammation of
the lung tissue. It
may be caused by
bacteria or viruses.
Fluids can collect in
the lungs making
breathing difficult;
signs are most often
fever and coughing.
It can result in death
for elderly.
Pneumonia fills the
lung's alveoli with
fluid, keeping oxygen
from reaching the
bloodstream. The
alveolus on the left is
normal, while the
alveolus on the right
is full of fluid from
pneumonia.
Respiratory Disorders
• Bronchitis- is an
inflammation of
the mucous
membrane of the
bronchi, fluid
gathers in the
bronchi, resulting
in a thick mucous
build-up.
Respiratory Disorders
• Asthma- a
respiratory disorder
characterized by
shortness of breath,
wheezing and
coughing. This is
the narrowing of the
bronchial tubes and
swelling of the
mucous membrane.
Respiratory Disorders
• Emphysema- a
respiratory disease
caused by a weakening
of lung tissue and
characterized by a
serious shortness of
breath. Usually
develops over many
years, most common in
smokers. The lung
damage is permanent
and so treatment is very
limited.