Transcript Structure and Function in Animals and Plants

Unit 2
Lesson 2
Structure and Function in
Animals and Plants
S8.B1.1.1,2,4
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Organization in Multicellular Organisms:
Simple to Complex
• Cells are differentiated
• Specialized to perform certain jobs
• Can look very different from one another
• Tissue (ex. Muscle tissue)
• group of similar cells that work together to perform a
particular function
• Organ (ex. Heart)
• A group of 2 or more tissues that work together
to perform a particular function
• Organ System (ex Circulatory System)
•A group of related organs that work together to
perform a particular function • transport oxygen and nutrients
throughout the body
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2. Tissue
4. Digestive System
3. Stomach (organ)
1. muscle cell
5. Organism
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ
System
Organism
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1. Muscle Tissue
-Contract for Movement & Support
B. Skeletal muscle
- voluntary (works when you want it to)
C. Cardiac Muscle
- Only found in the heart
- Involuntary (works all the time)
D. Smooth Muscle
- involuntary (works all the time)
2. Nerve Tissue
-Gives signals to muscles, informs us of environmental
conditions (hot, cold)
- Found in Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves
3. Epithelial Tissue
- Lines our organs
4. Connective Tissue
- Connects, supports, and protects other tissues
- ligaments, tendons, cartilage, bone, blood, fibers (organ
walls)
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Animal and Plant Cells
• Cells contain organelles that do a certain function in a cell
• Animal cells do not have chloroplasts and cell walls
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Body Plans
Symmetric Body Plan:
•Bilateral symmetry (has a left, right, front, back
side)
•All vertebrates (backbone) have this
•some invertebrates (no backbone)
•Insects have bilateral symmetry
•Radial symmetry (body parts radiate out from a
central point)
•Some invertebrates have radial symmetry 6
Radial vs Bilateral Symmetry
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Circulatory Systems
1. Closed
• Vertebrates have this type
• Blood flows through the body in a
network of small and large blood
vessels
2. Open
•
Some Invertebrates (insects, crustaceans, and
mollusks)
• Blood empties from large blood vessels into a
body cavity
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Vascular Plants
• Include trees, bushes, grasses, and ferns
• Can grow tall
• Plants that move water and nutrients through
vascular tissue (the plants circulatory system)
•Tube-like structures that move water and
nutrients through the roots, stems, and
leaves
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2 Kinds of Vascular Tissue:
1.
Xylem
• moves water from the roots to the rest of the
plant
2. Phloem
• Moves sugars (food) that are made in the
leaves to the rest of the plant
Structure
Function
Root
Anchors the plant and takes water and minerals
from the soil
Leaves
Captures sunlight. Takes in oxygen for
respiration
Stems
Supports the plant and connects roots to leaves
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Nonvascular Plants
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•
•
•
•
Include mosses and liverworts
No vascular tissue
Can not grow tall
Do not have true roots, stems, and leaves
Grow in moist areas so they are close to
water
• Move water and nutrients through a process
called Diffusion
• the process by which molecules spread from areas
of high concentration, to areas of low concentration.
When the molecules are even throughout a space - it
is called EQUILIBRIUM
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