Transcript Circulatory system for posting

UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the systems involved in nutrition
Unit 4: The Circulatory System
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
Unit 4
Page
54
1.-The internal environment and the circulatory system.
2.- Blood
3.- Blood vessels
4.- The Heart
5.- The double circulatory system
6.- The lymphatic system
What is the role of the
circulatory system? Page
.-
54
What is the role of the
circulatory system? Page
54
.-To carry nutrients and Oxygen throughout the cells
of the body and to collect metabolic waste for
elimination.
UNIT
3
The organisation of the human body
RELATION BETWEEN THE LIQUIDS
OF THE INTERNAL MEDIUM
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
 The internal medium is the name given to the
liquids ( the interstitial plasma, lymph and
blood) which establish contact between the
cells and the exterior of the organism using
the nutrition – related systems.
UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the liquids of the
internal medium
Lymph
vessel
Interstitial plasma enters the
lymph vessel
Interstitial plasma
Cell
Nutrients O2
CO2
From the
artery
To the
vein
Blood plasma
passes out the
capillary
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
Capillar
Interstitial plasma
enters the capillary
UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the liquids of the
internal medium
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
What is homeostasis? Page
54
The tendency towards a relatively stable
equilibrium between different elements of the
human body.
Give reasons that can change the homeostatic
equilibrium in our body
 Homeostasis can be affected when we have
a bacterial infection that produces
Temperature in our body
 Some accidental ingestion of one toxic
substance
How can we recover the
homeostasis?
 We will restore the homeostasis once that we
have eliminated the toxic agent, the MO
which have altered our internal
environmental
UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the systems involved in nutrition
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the systems involved in nutrition
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
Activities:
 Page 55: Question 2 and 3
 Page 56: Summarize the information from
your book about the components of the
blood.
Identify the following blood
vessels and Label them
Why is blood red?
 The red blood is due to the Haemoglobin, a
protein responsible for transporting Oxygen
and pick up carbon dioxide for elimination.
Why arteries have their walls
thicker than veins?
Why arteries have their walls
thicker than veins?
 Because they withstand (soportan) a high
pressure carrying the blood pumped by the heart.
Why do capillaries have only one
single layer of cells in their walls?
Why capillaries walls have only
one layer of flat cells?
 To facilitate the exchange of gases, nutrients and
waste between the blood and the cells
Why do arteries tend to be located in the deepest
parts of our bodies and veins in the most superficial
parts?
 Arteries tend to be located in the deepest
parts of our bodies as a mechanism of
protection, since a break or rupture in an
artery will mean an haemorrhage (heavy
bleeding)
Activities: Page 56 and 57
 What are the four functions of blood?
 Explain all the differences between arteries
and veins
UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the systems involved in nutrition
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the systems involved in nutrition
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
Quiz time: 1.- Describe the shape of the: aorta
artery, tricuspid valve and semilunar valves.
Quiz time: 1.- Describe the shape of the: aorta
artery, tricuspid valve and semilunar valves.
 It has the shape of a staff (walking stick,
cayado de la aorta)
 The tricuspid valve has 3 membranes
 The semilunar valves have the shape of a
nest (nido o cesto)
Label it
UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the systems involved in nutrition
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
The cardiac cycle, el ciclo cardíaco
Page 59
 It is the set of events of one complete
Heartbeat.
 During this time both, atria and ventricles
contract and relax.
 It takes less than 1 second (0.8)
The cardiac cycle: Page 59
Page 68, question 3: What phase of the
cardiac cycle is shown in each diagram?
 a) Atrial systole in A and Ventricular systole
in B.
 b)Which valves open in diagram A? What happens when they
open?
 In figure A Tricuspid valves and Bicuspid valves open
and the ventricles fill with blood
 C) Which valves are closed in B? What happens
when they close?
 The same valves are closed, preventing
blood from flowing back into the atria. The
snap shut of these valves makes the 1st heart
sound
The double circulatory system Page 60
Question 2 from page 59
Question: What is the difference between the veins
in the pulmonary circuit and veins in the systemic
circuit?
 Veins in the pulmonary circuit carry oxygen-
rich blood,
 Whereas, veins in the systemic circuit carry
deoxygenated blood.
 And between the arteries of both systems?
 In the systemic circuit arteries carry…………..
 And in the pulmonary circuit arteries carry..
 …………………
Question: What is the difference between the veins
in the pulmonary circuit and veins in the systemic
circuit?
 Veins in the pulmonary circuit carry oxygen-
rich blood,
 Whereas, veins in the systemic circuit carry
deoxygenated blood.
 And between the arteries of both systems?
 In the systemic circuit arteries
carry……oxygenated blood…..
 And in the pulmonary circuit arteries carry..
 …deoxygenated blood………………
The lymphatic system: page 55
 It is a circulatory system that transports
lymph.
 What is the lymph?
 The lymph is a clear liquid that is formed from
the interstitial plasma
UNIT
UNIDAD
3
3
Relation between the liquids of the
internal medium
Lymph
vessel
Interstitial plasma enters the
lymph vessel
Interstitial plasma
Cell
Nutrients O2
CO2
From the
artery
To the
vein
Blood plasma
passes out the
capillary
Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education
Capillar
Interstitial plasma
enters the capillary
Components of the lymphatic
system:
 Lymph capillaries
 Lymph vessels
 Lymph nodes ( which are swellings of the
lymph vessels where white blood cells are
made)
Does The Lymphatic system have
a pumping organ?
 No, the lymphatic system does not have a
pumping organ like the heart.
 The lymph moves around propelled by the
movement of the body,i.e. when the
contraccion of the muscles that surround the
lymph vessels pushes it.
Functions of the lymphatic system
page 54:
 Collects the surplus(excess) interstitial fluid
between the cells and returns it to the blood.
 Transports absorbed fats from the small
intestine to the blood
 Participates in the defence of the organism
because it produces white blood cells.
 Water, proteins, and other substances are always
leaking out of tiny blood capillaries into the
surrounding body tissues.
 What would happen if the lymphatic system
didn't drain the excess fluid from the tissues?, the
lymph fluid would build up in the body's tissues,
causing them to swell.
Indicate 3 places in our bodies where there are
a high concentration of lymph nodes
 Neck areas
 Armpits
 Stomach area
 The top of the thigh (groin, ingle)
Thoracic duct opens into the superior
vena cava
Q. 6. Page 55What happens
to the lymph nodes
when the body has to fight an infection?
 Cells in the lymph nodes are activated and
nodes are swollen ( increase in size)
Quiz time:Page 55 question 7. Why the doctor would
look for swelling around the neck of a patient who
feels unwell?
 When we have an infection, our immune
system is actived and the nodes swell with
billions of White Blood Cells working to fight
the foreing Microorganisms that are causing
the infection.
 The doctor checks if there is swelling in the
lymphatic nodes that show an infection close
to this area.
Why is important to have valves in
the lymphatic vessels?
 Because the lymph flows only in one
direction, to the blood circulatory system.
 Therefore, it is important the existence of
these valves that prevent the lymph from
flowing backwards
Quiz time: Functions of the
lymphatic system. Page 54
Functions of the lymphatic system:
 Collects the surplus(excess) interstitial fluid
between the cells and returns it to the blood.
 Transports absorbed fats from the small
intestine to the blood
 Participates in the defence of the organism
because it produces white blood cells.
Activities: Page 55
 Question 5
 Question 6
 Question 7
 Summarize the information from your book
about the lymphatic system
1.- What are the liquids in the Internal Human Environment?
The internal environment consists of: Interstitial fluid, blood and lymph
2.- What is homeostasis?
The tendency towards a relatively stable equilibrium between different
elements of the human body.
3.- What are the main components of the blood? Describe them, write
down their function and in which proportion they are in the blood
4.- Why is blood red? The red blood is due to the protein Haemoglobin,
responsible for transporting oxygen and pick up carbon dioxide for
elimination
5.- Why arteries have their walls thicker than veins? Because they
withstand (soportan) a high pressure carrying the blood pumped by the
heart.
6.- Why the capillaries walls have only one layer of flat cells?
To facilitate the exchange of gases, nutrients and waste between the
blood and the cells