Transcript Excretory notes

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Epithelial tissues
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Connective Tissues
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Nervous Tissues
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Muscle tissues
Good quiz site:
http://www.gen.umn.edu/faculty_staff/jensen/1135/weban
atomy/
Made of vessels that align
with circulatory system
vessels
 Lymphatic vessels contain:
1. Lymph (a clear, watery
fluid)
2. Lymphocytes (cells that
fight infections.)
 Large amount of
lymphocytes form Lymph
nodes that filter the blood

Functions of this
system:
1. Collect and
return fluid in
blood
2. Fight infections
using
lymphocytes.
Functions: Maintain homeostasis by keeping water
balance (osmoregulation) and removing wastes
Osmoregulation: The absorption and excretion of
water and solutes to maintain water balance
1. Hyposmotic example -- Freshwater Fish, low salt
diet so they….
2. Hyperosmotic example -- Marine fish, high salt
diet, so they…
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Contractile
Vacuoles in
paramecium
Flame cells in
planaria
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Malphigian tubules
in insects
Kidneys in
Vertebrates
Renal Artery
Kidney
Flow of
filtrate
(waste fluid)
Ureter
Bladder
Uretha
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Aquatic animals (fish,
amphibians, some reptiles)
-- secrete ammonia (NH3)
directly
Mammals convert ammonia
to Urea (less toxic so uses
less water)
Birds, Insects, land reptiles - use Uric Acid (forms a
solid waste, uses least
amount of water.)
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A glomerulus (bunch of
capillaries) is found at the
beginning of each nephron
Parts of a nephron:
1. Bowman’s Capsule
2. Proximal convulated tubule
3. Loop of Henle
4. The distal convulated
tubule
5. Collecting Duct
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Blood flows into the
glomerus.
2. Water, glucose, urea
and salts pass
through the capillary
wall and into the
proximal tubule.
3. Protein molecules
and blood cells are
too big so they stay in
the blood.
1
4. The remaining fluid (called
filtrate) passes along the tubule
through the loop of Henle.
5. All of the glucose and most of
the water and salts are
reabsorbed by the blood and
leave through the renal vein.
6. Urea and other unwanted
substances stay dissolved in
the filtrate. They move up the
distal tubule, through the
collecting duct which joins the
ureter.
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Urine
Concentration
Increases
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Filtration:
Blood is filtered into
Bowman’s capsule
Reabsorption:
The good stuff is retained
by the body (salts,
glucose, amino acids)
Secretion:
H+, potassium, and
ammonium ions move
from the blood to the
filtrate while it is in the
convulated tubules
Antidiuretic Homone (ADH or Vasopressin)
Stimulates reabsorption of water at the
collecting duct (when you’re dehydrated)
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Aldosterone: Increases salt (Na+) absorption,
which increases water absorption.
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Your skin contains sweat glands that not
only help you cool off with sweat, but also
help you remove excess salts!