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Anuraga lakshmi
Chaitra.G
Jabasheela. J
Ranjini.G
Prabhathi.N.Kamath
In human body
there are different
organ each organ
play an important
role in life process.
Human body is divided into two
parts :
1.Interior organs
2.Exterior organs
This type of organ is not visible to our eyes. Organs such
as heart, lungs, kidney etc are not visible. They are inside
our body
These types of organs are visible and are externally
located. Eg Eye, Mouth, Skin etc
1)Respiratory system
7)Human Heart
2)Digestive system
8)Brain
3)Circulatory system
9) Muscles
4)Excretory system
10)Joints
5)Skeletal system
6)Nervous system
Respiratory System, in anatomy
and physiology, organs that deliver
oxygen to the circulatory system
for transport to all body cells.
In addition to supplying oxygen,
the respiratory system aids in
removing carbon dioxide,
preventing the lethal buildup of
this waste product in body tissues.
Digestive System, series of connected
organs whose purpose is to break down, or
digest, the food we eat. Food is made up of
large, complex molecules, which the
digestive system breaks down into smaller,
simple molecules that can be absorbed into
the bloodstream. The simple molecules
travel through the bloodstream to all of the
body's cells, which use them for growth,
repair, and energy.
Circulatory System, or
cardiovascular system, in
humans, the combined
function of the heart,
blood, and blood vessels
to transport oxygen and
nutrients to organs and
tissues throughout the
body and carry away
waste products.
This type of system helps
in removing wastes from
the body.
The skeleton is made of bones,
joints between bones, and
cartilage. Its function is to provide
support and protection for the
soft tissues and the organs of the
body and to provide points of
attachment for the muscles that
move the body. There are 206
bones in the human skeleton.
They have various shapes-long,
short, cube-shaped, flat, and
irregular.
Sensory nerves carry
information from the sense
organs and other body
receptors to the central
nervous system--the brain
and spinal cord--for
processing. Then motor
nerves carry the processed
information from the central
nervous system to the glands
and muscles for appropriate
action
A muscular, pear-shaped
organ slightly larger than a
clenched fist, the human
heart is the center of the
circulatory system. The
human heart pumps blood
through the body at a rate
of more than about 4
quarts (3.8 liters) per
minute.
The human brain is a miraculous
organ. It regulates thought,
memory, judgment, personal
identity, and other aspects of what
is commonly called mind. It also
regulates aspects of the body-including body temperature, blood
pressure, and the activity of
internal organs--to help the body
respond to its environment and to
maintain the body's health. In fact,
the brain is considered so central
to human well-being and survival
that the death of the brain is
considered in many parts of the
world to be equal legally to the
death of the person.
All animal movement
depends on the use of
muscles. Whether the
movement is as simple as
opening the eyes or as
complex as running the high
hurdles at a track event, each
is the result of a complex
series of electrical, chemical,
and physical interactions
involving the brain, the
central nervous system, and
the muscles themselves.
The skeletons of animals would be
too stiff to move or would fall in a
disorderly heap if they were not
carefully fitted with joints. A joint is
a connection that holds together
two or more bones or other hard
structures. Joints have two main
purposes: They give support, and
they allow movement where it is
needed.
All animals that have segments
have joints.
You have seen the various
structures & function of interior
organs
Let us see the functions of
Exterior organs
• Human is the only well fully
developed organism among all
living creatures.
1)Eye
2)Nose
3)Mouth
4)Ears
5)Hands
6)Limbs
The human eye is a complex part of
the body that is used for seeing.
Eyes enable people to perform daily
tasks and to learn about the world
that surrounds them. Sight, or
vision, is a rapidly occurring process
that involves continuous interaction
between the eye, the nervous
system, and the brain. When
someone looks at an object, what he
really sees is the light reflected from
the object. This reflected light
passes through the lens and falls on
the retina of the eye
Retina. The retina is a soft,
transparent layer of nervous
tissue made up of millions
of light receptors. The retina
is connected to the brain by
the optic nerve. All of the
structures needed to focus
light onto the retina and to
nourish it are housed in the
eye, which is primarily a
supporting shell for the
retina.
Nose It was in part the
development of internal
nostrils in ancient fishes that
paved the way for our
evolutionary ancestors'
migration from sea to land
millions of years ago. Nostrils
provide a means of air intake
for lung-breathing animals and
have developed into structures
that exist today
Structure
The nose has two cavities and is symmetrical around the
nasal septum, the wall of cartilage that separates the
cavities and extends from the nostril openings, or nares, to
the nasal part of the pharynx, or nasopharynx. At the tip
the nose is flexible cartilage; close to the skull it is lined
with bone. Cartilage on each side of the nose bone gives
the nose its shape.
In general, the lower part of the nasal cavity is called the
respiratory area and the upper, the olfactory region. As part
of its respiratory function the nose filters, warms, and
moistens incoming air on its way to the lungs. From the
olfactory areas the olfactory nerve endings lead to the
undersurface of the brain. Inhaled air passes up and across
these nerve endings, but exhaled air passes through the
respiratory area only. Thus a person can smell incoming air
but cannot detect an odor in his own exhaled breath.
MOUTH. Invertebrate animals,
including humans, the mouth is the
entrance to the long and uninterrupted
tube called the digestive tract (see
Digestive System). It is composed, on the
outside, of lips and cheeks; on the inside
are the mouth's roof, floor, tongue,
teeth, and gums. (See also Teeth and
Gums; Tongue.) In humans the mouth
has two primary functions. It is used for
eating and beginning the process of
digestion as well as for speaking.
EAR. Vibrations of air molecules
moving through the air are
received and translated into
messages that the brain recognizes
as sound by a complex organ--the
ear. The ear has two important, but
different, functions: hearing and
sensing the body's equilibrium, or
balance. The mechanisms for these
processes are located within a
hollow space in the skull's
temporal bone
HAND. Human beings, alone in the animal
kingdom, are tool makers and tool users.
The ability to make and use tools depends
to a great extent upon the use of the
hands guided by the intelligence of the
brain. It is believed that in the evolution of
humanity the development of the brain and
dexterity in the hands were mutually
dependent processes.
All vertebrates have hands or something
like them. In some animals they are called
paws; in the case of birds and some
reptiles they are claws. Horses and cattle
have hooves. The hand may be defined as
the grasping end of the forelimb.
Leg (anatomy), in anatomy, one of the paired limbs of a
vertebrate, used chiefly for supporting the body and for
locomotion. The upper part of the human leg, the thigh,
is supported by the femur—the longest and strongest
bone of the body. The upper end of the femur is
rounded and fits into a cavity in the hip bone, forming a
ball-and-socket joint. Ball-and-socket joints permit
circular motion, and the hip joint allows the leg to move
freely in almost any direction. This joint also helps
distribute body weight evenly over the head of the
femur. At the knee, the femur connects to the tibia, or
shinbone, to form a hinge joint. Hinge joints permit
back-and-forth movement similar to the motion of a
hinged door.
In man teeth are embedded in the
jaw bones.
Structure of typical
tooth: Tooth is made up of a very
hard material called dentine. Three
main parts of tooth are crown, neck,
root. In the centre , there is pulp
cavity containing blood vessels and
nerves. The part of the tooth
projected above the gum is covered
with enamel, which is harder than
dentine.
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INCISORS
CANINES
PREMOLARS
MOLARS