Transcript Multicellular Organisms live in & get Energy from a variety of

Multicellular Organisms live in
& get Energy from a variety of
Environments
• Multicellular organisms meet their needs in
different ways
• Plants are producers
• Animals are consumers
• Most fungi are decomposers
Multicellular organisms meet
needs in different ways
• Have cells that are SPECIALIZED
– In multicellular organisms, different jobs are
done by different (specialized) cells.
• Are ADAPTED to live in different
ENVIRONMENTS
• SEXUAL REPRODUCTION leads to
DIVERSITY
SPECIALIZED CELLS
• Cells in multicellular org.
are specialized for
specific jobs. (skin,
muscle, nerve)
• Groups of similar cells
form tissues.
• Different tissues working
together form organs;
organs working together
form organ systems.
• Together cells->tissues->
organs->organ systems
form organisms
• Nervous system:
helps respond to
changing conditions
• Muscular system:
allows movement &
gives heat
• Circulatory: delivers
oxygen & removes
carbon dioxide
ADAPTED to live in different
ENVIRONMENTS
• Adaptation = inherited characteristic that
increases chance of an organism’s surviving &
producing offspring that also reproduce.
• May be how it gets energy, processes materials,
shape/structure of body, or a form of behavior.
• If this difference gives organism an advantage,
offspring will survive & reproduce more.
• Digestive :breaks down food into usable forms
• ORGAN SYSTEMS let multicellular organisms
get ENERGY, process lots of materials, respond
to environmental changes, and reproduce.
ADAPTED for different
ENVIRONMENTS
• Different species of fox have different
adaptations that let them survive in different
environments.
• FENNEC FOX: a desert fox, large ears (releasing
lots of heat) and sand colored fur
• ARCTIC FOX: small ears,legs & nose (keeps
heat in). White winter fur for snow.
• RED FOX: In grasslands & woodlands; average
ears, reddish brown fur tipped in white & black
for blending in.
• Adaptations due to differences in genetic material
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
leads to diversity
• Multicellular organisms reproduce sexually;
genetic material of 2 parents comes together
giving offspring with genetic material from both.
• MEIOSIS: special form of cell division that
makes sperm cells in males & egg cells in
females; these sex cells only have 1 copy of DNA
(other cells all have 2 copies)
• FERTILIZATION: sperm combines with egg to
make 1 fertilized cell with DNA from both
parents (1/2 from egg; ½ from sperm)
• One fertilized cell becomes 2; then 2 becomes
48163264 and so on.
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• As cells divide, they start to specialize &
different tissues & organs form.
• Many multicellular organisms can reproduce
by asexual reproduction.
• Budding = second organism grows off, or
buds, from another.
• Asexual reproduction can occur quicker &
more often, but limits diversity (have same
genetic material as parents).
• In sexual reproduction, there is a chance for a
new combination of characteristics in
offspring, which may help it in some way.