Transcript Comparative Circulatory Systems

Comparative Circulatory Systems
Biology 11
G.Burgess
2006
Circulatory Systems
• Nutrients, fluids and metabolic wastes
are cycled through an organism’s
circulatory system
• Microscopic animal like protists and the
least evolved animal species use
cyclosis and diffusion to cycle their
materials through cells and between
cells.
• Plants use xylem and phloem to
circulate materials between the roots,
stems and leaves.
• Animals (more complex than the
cnidarians/jelly fish) use either an
open or closed circulatory system
Open circulatory system
• Common among shellfish and
arthropods (arachnids and
insects)
• Heart collects blood from a
hemocoel (blood space)
• Heart pumps blood through open
ducts or tubes to be circulated to
the body tissues and bathe them
with fluids.
• Cycled blood collects in hemocoel
to be collected by the heart
Closed Circulatory System
• Common among annelids,
fish, mammals and many
other animals
• All blood vessels form a
continuous closed circuit
• Blood is collected by atria
and pumped to body by
ventricles
• At no time does the blood
actually come in contact with
other body tissues.
Earthworm Circulation
• Closed circulatory system
– Blood from the dorsal blood vessel
travels to the anterior region and is
pumped by 5 aortic arches to the
ventral blood vessel
– Blood from the ventral blood vessel
travels posteriorly
– Small tubes connect the ventral
blood vessel to the dorsal blood
vessel in the posterior region.
Earthworm Circulatory system
Dorsal Blood
Flow
Ventral Blood
Flow
Grasshopper Circulation
• Grasshoppers have open
circulatory system
• Their blood bathes their
internal tissues
• Grasshopper do not have
hemoglobin, their blood is
green and is called
hemocyanin
Grasshopper Circulatory System
Other animals
Fish
Frog
Human
Mammalian Circulation
• All mammals have a 4 chambered
heart
• 2 Atria and 2 ventricles
• The atria collect blood from the
circulatory system and pump it to
the ventricles
• The ventricles pump the blood to
parts of the body
• 2 paths of circulation:
– Systemic circulation: pumps blood to
and from body tissues
– Pulmonary circulation pumps blood
to and from the lungs
Bibliography
• All images from Biodidac, 2006.
http://biodidac.bio.uottawa.ca/