Transcript Trauma Shock Power Point

Trauma - Shock
CREATED BY:
Shock
 Definition-reaction of body to failure of circulatory system to provide
enough blood to all vital organs of body. Failure of perfusion or
hypoperfusion.
 (ITP) Inadequate Tissue Perfusion
 Chances of survival are greatly increased if patient is treated within first
hour of injury ("golden hour").
 The Body develops shock through:
1. Heart-if heart fails to pump required blood volume efficiently, shock
will develop.
2. Vessels-circulatory system must operate as a closed system. If vessels
are cut, blood is lost and shock will develop.
3. Blood volume-there must be enough blood to fill vessels. If there is loss
of volume or vessels enlarge so system is not filled, shock will develop.
Types of Shock
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Hypovolemic-bleeding shock caused by blood loss or loss of
plasma.
Cardiogenic-heart shock caused by heart failing to pump enough
blood.
Neurogenic-nerve shock caused when nervous system is damaged
from an injury and it cannot control diameter of blood vessels.
Anaphylactic-allergy shock, a life-threatening reaction caused by
something to which patient is extremely allergic.
Psychogenic-fainting, disrupting proper blood flow to brain.
Metabolic-fluid shock caused by loss of body fluids.
Septic-bloodstream shock caused by infection.
Signs and Symptoms of Shock
Symptoms include:
a. Weakness
b. Nausea
c. Thirst
d.Dizziness
e. Restlessness and fear
Signs of shock include:
a. Entire body assessment-look for
restlessness or combativeness,
profuse external bleeding,
vomiting or loss of body fluids,
shaking and trembling.
b. Altered mental status-patient may
become disoriented, confused,
unresponsive, faint or become
unconscious.
c. Breathing-shallow and rapid.
d.Pulse-rapid and weak.
e. Skin-pale, cool, and clammy (may
be sweating profusely).
f. Face-pale, often with blue color at
lips, tongue, earlobes.
g. Eyes-lackluster, pupils dilated.
Pattern of Shock
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Increased pulse rate
Increased breathing rate
Restlessness or combativeness
Skin changes indicating possible shock
Rapid, weak pulse and labored, weakened respirations
Changes in mental status
Respiratory arrest, then cardiac arrest can develop
Prevention and Care for Shock
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Alert 911/EMS dispatcher.
Perform scene size-up.
Perform initial assessment. (Keep patient's
airway open and prevent forward tilting of head.)
Assist the patient in lying down and explain
importance of remaining at rest.
Control external bleeding and splint fractures.
Keep patient warm but do not overheat.
Properly position patient.
Give the patient nothing by mouth.
Monitor vital signs.
Provide oxygen per local protocols.
Fainting
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A mild form of shock that is usually self- correcting
Examine the patient for injury and keep him lying down.
Check blood pressure if you have the equipment.
May be a warning sign of more serious problems; assess and
take a careful history.
Prevent fainting by having patient lower head between knees.