Transcript The_Respiratory_System_med

Presents:
The
Respiratory
System
The respiratory system is what we use to breathe. It may seem simple to
breathe, but it’s actually a pretty fancy system.
Usually you breathe without thinking – about 17,000 times
a day! Breathing brings oxygen into your lungs and body.
A lot happens between breathing in and breathing out, and all
that in about a second!
The most common way you can hurt your lungs is by breathing in things
that damage them – like smoke or sprayed chemicals.
PLEASE DON’T BREATHE ANYTHING THAT COULD HURT YOUR LUNGS!
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Here’s one part of the body
you might not think is part of
breathing: Your BRAIN!
The brain controls every part of your
body, and the “breathing centre” is the
area of the brain that handles breathing.
The brain and the lungs are connected by
nerves.
Messages, like cars on a highway, travel
along the nerves back and forth from
your brain and lungs. These nerves tell
your chest muscles to move which cause
you to breathe.
THAT’S WHY YOU CAN HOLD YOUR BREATH, BUT YOU HAVE TO BREATHE EVENTUALLY!
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Do you know what your nose
knows? You’ll know it now!
The sinuses are hollow parts of your head
bones that go all the way to your nostrils.
They can help you out by warming the air
breathed through your nose.
They also help by making your face bones
lighter and your voice louder.
THAT’S WHY SNORING IS LOUD - YOU BREATHE THROUGH YOUR SINUSES AT NIGHT.
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Swallow hard, but you might
hurt your Pharynx. Just kidding.
When you breathe, air goes through your
mouth or nose and down into your throat.
The fancy name for your throat is the
pharynx. It runs all the way from the
back of your nose and mouth to your
windpipe. Both air and food go down it,
but at different times – so it’s used for
two things!
IT’S ALSO THE PLACE WHERE YOUR TONSILS LIVE!
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
The esophagus is located
right beneath your pharynx,
or throat. Simply, it’s your
food tube – and water goes
here, too. It’s about 25
centimetres long and ends
at your stomach.
This is actually part of the
food or digestive system,
and not your breathing
system, but it sure is close!
WHEN YOU CHOKE AND CAN STILL BREATHE, FOOD MIGHT BE CAUGHT IN YOUR ESOPHAGUS.
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Your windpipe or trachea
carries air to your lungs.
It’s about 10 centimetres
long and kept open by
C-shaped rings of cartilage.
This lets it rest snugly
against the esophagus.
YOU BREATHE OUT THROUGH THE TRACHEA, TOO.
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Did you know you have
a “food flap?”
To keep food from getting into your
windpipe you need a food flap or a lid.
Your epiglottis has rubbery bones called
cartilage inside it so it’s stiff like a
container lid.
It sits on top of your voice box to make
sure food doesn’t go into the lungs.
IF YOU EAT TOO FAST AND “INHALE YOUR FOOD”, IT’S BECAUSE YOU DIDN’T CLOSE YOUR EPIGLOTTIS!
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
The bump you can feel on
your throat is your voice
box or Larynx. It’s just
above your windpipe. The
walls of the larynx are
cartilage, too. It contains
and protects the vocal
cords that vibrate so you
can talk, make silly sounds,
and sing.
IF YOUR LARYNX MOVES AT A HIGH SPEED, YOU MAKE HIGH SOUNDS,
AND LOW SPEEDS OF MOVEMENT MAKE LOW SOUNDS.
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Both of your Lungs can easily
fill with air because they are
spongy, flexible sacks. They
are filled with air tubes, tiny
balloons, and blood vessels.
They all work together to
move oxygen.
The oxygen-carrying red
blood cells leave the lung,
go to the heart and then
to the rest of the body.
WHEN YOU TAKE A DEEP DREATH, YOUR LUNGS GET BIGGER – AND WHEN YOU LET IT OUT, THEY GET SMALER.
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Your ribs are the wall
protecting the lungs from
the outside world.
There are 12 pairs of ribs –
that’s 24 of
them in your chest. The top
7 pairs are stuck to the
breastbone in front. And all
of them are fastened in the
back to your spinal column.
YOUR RIBS ARE SOME OF THE BONES IN YOUR BODY THAT YOU CAN FEEL FROM THE OUTSIDE – TRY IT!
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Another body part that
protects the lungs is the
pleura, a double skin, or
membrane that keeps them
inside
the chest.
WHEN YOU TAKE A DEEP DREATH, YOUR LUNGS GET BIGGER – AND WHEN YOU LET IT OUT, THEY GET SMALER.
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Your diaphragm is the
muscle that goes across the
body and separates the
lungs from other organs in
your belly.
When your diaphragm
relaxes it forms into an arch
in the chest cavity and your
lungs empty out their air.
Your brain then tells it to
flatten causing you to
breathe in.
Voila, a breath!
TAKE A DEEP BREATH AND PUT YOUR HAND ON YOUR BELLY BUTTON – THAT’S THE DIAPHRAGM!
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
The insides of your lungs are
like an upside down tree. The
windpipe is the trunk, and
the two big branches are
called the bronchi. The many
smaller branches are the
bronchioles.
GUESS WHAT PART OF YOUR LUNGS ARE SORE IF YOU HAVE “BRONCHITIS!”
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Your nose, windpipe, and airways
are lined with microscopic hairs
called cilia. Lying on top of the
cilia is a gooey layer of mucus.
Dirt in the air sticks to the
mucus and the cilia push it up to
your mouth or nose where it can
be swallowed or removed.
CILIA ARE HAIR – EXCEPT INSIDE YOUR BODY!
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
The alveoli are tiny balloons
that hang inside the lung
like a bunch of grapes. You
have millions of them!
Air sacks are surrounded
by tiny blood vessels, or
capillaries. Oxygen leaves
the air sacks and is traded
for carbon dioxide by red
blood cells.
CAPILLARIES
The air sacks release the
carbon dioxide when you
breathe out.
THE BIGGEST PART OF AIR IS NITROGEN. SINCE YOUR BODY CAN’T USE IT, YOU BREATHE THAT OUT, TOO.
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
Deflate
Sends a message
Transfers
from alveoli to
Cleans the air
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
_r_ _n
1. Brain
2. Sinuses
S_n_s_s
13. Pharynx
P_ _ _ynx
12.Epiglottis
E_ _ _lottis
11.
E_op_ag_s
Esophagus
_ _
10. L_
Lung
Dia_ _ra_m
9. Diaphragm
Bronchiole
8. A_veo_
Alveoli _
Capillaries
Oral Cavity
Mouth and Tongue
3. Glot
__s
Glottis
4. Larynx
La_y_ _
T_ _che_
5. Trachea
6.
_ _ _s
Ribs
7. Bronchi
_r_ _chi
Bronchial Cilia
Mucus
Cells
The Lung Association of Saskatchewan ©
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Air tubes and air sacs
Brain
Throat
Nose or mouth
Lungs
Diaphragm
Windpipe