Transcript Characteristics of Living Things

Characteristics of Living Things
Honors Biology
Take out scientific method worksheets.
HW: Mythbusters due by 9/19
Unit test 9/12
Body systems quiz 9/10
All Living things are made up of
cells.
What is a Cell?
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Basic building blocks of all living things.
Perform all of the functions of life
What are two types of cells?
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Prokaryotic – Simple cell, no nucleus or
membrane bound organelles.
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Ex. Bacteria
Eukaryotic- Complex cells, has a nucleus
and membrane bound organelles.
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Ex. Animals, Plants, Fungus, Protist
Two types of cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Unicellular vs. Multicellular
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Unicellular-one cell
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Multicellular- many cells, specialization
Levels of Organization
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Atom
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
11 main body systems
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Nervous system
Endocrine system
Integumentary system
Muscular system
Skeletal system
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Urinary system
Respiratory system
Reproductive system
Circulatory system
Digestive system
Lymphatic system
Homework
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Determine the function of each of the 11
human body systems.
Identify at least two organs that are
involved with each system.
All Living Things Reproduce.
Two Types of Reproduction
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Sexual Reproduction
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Two Parents
Genetically diverse (different genes than
parents)
Asexual Reproduction
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One Parent
Genetically identical (same genes as parent)
All Living Things Adjust to
Their Surroundings.
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Homeostasis
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Maintain internal control
Example:
body temperature,
glucose, water and pH levels in
the blood are maintained at a
constant rate.
Homeostatic mechanisms
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The process by which an organism
monitors and maintains a constant state.
Negative feedback loop
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Any change to a system causes the system
to return to its original state.
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Osmoregulation
Thermoregulation
Blood pH and Blood glucose levels
Positive feedback loop
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Amplifies a change in the system, causing
it to move farther and farther from its
original state.
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Examples: childbirth and ripening fruit
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Video explanation
Positive Feedback Loop Example
Negative Feedback Loop
All Living Things Grow and
Develop.
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Growth
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Increase in size
Development
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changes that happen as you grow
To become more complex
All living things have complex
chemistry
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Consists of complex molecules that go
through chemical changes to stay alive.
All Living Things Can convert
energy to food.
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Or convert food to
energy.
Main source of
energy for all living
organisms is the SUN
Producer: make their
own food. Ex plants
Consumer: Must take
in food to survive
All living things…..
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Respond to their environment
Adaptation:
any alteration in the structure or function of
an organism or any of its parts that results
from natural selection and by which the
organism becomes better fitted to survive
and multiply in its environment.
Four unifying principles
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Cell theory
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Cells are the basic unit of life
All living things are made up of cells
Cells come from other cells.
Four unifying principles
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Gene Theory
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Genes determine the characteristics of living
things.
They are located on chromosomes that are
found in every cell.
Genes are passed on from parents to
offspring.
Four Unifying principles
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Homeostasis
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Keeping internal conditions constant even
though the external environments change
Four Unifying Principles
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Evolution
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Occurs by the process of natural selection.
Organisms become more suited to their
environments through evolution because they
develop adaptations.
Create a Keystone Card
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Use pages 90-93 in the Keystone books to
complete drawings for.
Thermoregulation
Osmoregulation
Gas exchange
Regulation of blood glucose