Transcript Reptile Review #1 - local.brookings.k12.sd.us

Reptile Review #1
Match the type of Reproduction
with its description
Shell is put around egg; eggs are
oviparity
laid and hatch outside mother’s body ____________________
No shell is put around egg; Egg is
retained in mother’s body and
viviparity
nourishment comes from mother
_____________________
through placenta; young are born alive
Shell is put around egg; Egg is
retained in mother’s body until
just before hatching or hatches
inside body; Nourishment comes
from egg not mother
ovoviviparity
_____________________
This green area
stores nitrogen
wastes for the
embryo and acts
as its lung
Allantois
The portion of the shell covering the dorsal part of
a turtle is called the ________________
carapace
Thin fan-like membrane that holds the small
intestine in place and divides the turtle’s
coelom into compartments
mesentery
Number of chambers in the heart of all
reptiles except Crocodilians.
3
Crocodiles have 4 like a mammal
Match the organ with its function:
Stores bile _______________________
Gall bladder
Blood vessels that carry blood
veins
back to heart
________________
Partly divides ventricle to
septum
prevent blood mixing __________________
esophagus
Carries food to stomach ________________
bridge
Connects plastron & carapace ________________
mesentery
Membrane holding intestine in place ____________
Regulates ion/water balance in
blood & tissues ___________________
kidneys
This membrane
surrounds the embryo
and the fluid in which
it floats
amnion
Fertilization in reptiles is _________________
Internal
Internal
External
Snakes like rattlesnakes and water
moccasins that kill injecting venom with
large movable fangs are called
vipers
__________________
This reptile belongs
in the order
Squamata
_______________
An organism that gets its body heat from its
Ectothermic
surroundings is called _______________
This membrane
surrounds all the other
membranes and
protects the developing
embryo
chorion
This membrane (colored
blue) surrounds the
embryo’s fat-rich food
source
Yolk sac
Multi-purpose cavity at the end of the digestive
system that collects waste from large intestine,
bladder, as well as eggs/sperm.
cloaca
This organism belongs in
Chelonia
the order ____________
Crocodilia
Chelonia
Squamata
Part of the circulatory system that carries blood
from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
Pulmonary circulation
Match the organ with its function:
Urinary bladder
Stores urine _______________________
Blood vessels that carry
arteries
blood away from heart
_______________
epididymis
Place where sperm grow tails ______________
Carries sperm from epididymis
to cloaca
________________
Vas deferens
trachea
Ringed “windpipe” ________________
Dorsal shell ___________________
carapace
3rd eyelid nictitating
_____________________
membrane
This is the protein
and water needed
by the growing
embryo
albumen
Name one of the parts of the brain that is larger in
a reptile than in an amphibian
Cerebrum OR optic lobes
Type of egg found in
reptiles with a protective
outer shell and 4
membranes inside.
Amniotic egg
This substance is made in the liver, stored in the
gall bladder, and used in the small intestine to
digest fats.
bile
The part of the shell on the ventral surface of
plastron
a turtle is called the __________________
2 atria.
The heart of a turtle has ____
1
2
3
The lining of the lungs is folded into
alveoli
numerous small sacs called _____________
Part of the egg which stores nitrogen wastes
and acts as a “lung” to exchange gases.
allantois
Protein in reptile skin that makes it scaly.
keratin
Specialized sense organ in the roof of the
mouth of snakes & lizards that detects
odors.
Jacobson’s organ
Type of reproduction in which embryos are
retained in the body, nourished by a
placenta, and born alive.
viviparity
Land dwelling reptiles excrete nitrogen in
Uric acid
the form of ________________
Type of reproduction found in turtles
Oviparity
viviparity
ovoviviparity
oviparity
The ability of lizards to detach their tails when
autotomy
grabbed by a predator is called ________________
Snakes and lizards belong to the order
Chelonia
Squamata
Crocodilia
Rynchocephalia
Squamata
Name the 3 parts of a turtle’s shell
Carapace, plastron, & bridge
Type of reproduction in which eggs are laid
shortly before hatching or they may hatch
inside the body, but nourishment for the
embryo comes from the egg not the mother.
ovoviviparity
endotherms
Warm blooded animals are __________________
Ectotherms
Endotherms
In reptiles low oxygen and high oxygen blood
is prevented from mixing in the heart by a
____________ in the ventricle.
Partial septum
Give an example of a reptile with no teeth.
Turtle or tortoise
Type of reproduction in which eggs are
covered with a protective shell and laid
outside the body to hatch.
Oviparity
These snakes kill their prey by injecting venom
through large, mobile fangs
Constrictors
vipers
vipers
Elapids
MATCH THE PART WITH ITS FUNCTION
ALVEOLI
Tiny air sacs in lungs _________________
TESTES
Makes sperm _________________
OVIDUCTS
Adds albumen & shell to eggs _____________________
LIVER
Processes nitrogen waste for kidneys _________________
Collecting space for feces, urine, and sperm or eggs
_______________
CLOACA
Tell a characteristic found in turtles but NOT
other reptiles.
Beak instead of teeth; shell;
pelvic and pectoral girdles lie within ribs
The purpose of ALVEOLI is to
Increase surface area for more gas exchange
kidneys
The excretory organ in reptiles is_____________
Tell 3 characteristics of REPTILES
Thick, scaly skin
Internal fertilization
Breathe with lungs
Claws on feet
ectothermic
Name the amniotic egg part
Stores nitrogen waste
ALLANTOIS
and exchanges gases _______________________
Membrane around fat rich
food source _______________________
YOLK SAC
Membrane around the embryo
AMNION
& surrounding fluid ________________________
ALBUMEN
Water & protein for growing embryo _________________
Membrane around all other membranes _______________
CHORION
T or F
Turtles have a nictitating membrane like frogs.
TRUE
What makes crocodilians different from other
reptiles?
Have 2 ventricles; complete septum
2 loops;
3 chambers
1 loop
2 chambers
2 loops
4 chambers
A
B
C
Which of the diagrams shows the
circulatory system of most reptiles?
A 2 loops; 3 chambers
A snake uses its Jacobson’s organ to
locate prey
inject venom
detect heat
digest food
Locate prey
It’s used in smelling.
Tell one reason why a reptile might shut off blood
in the pulmonary loop
When inactive
When diving underwater
When wants to warm up fast
What determines whether a baby turtle turns
out to be a girl or boy?
Sex is determined by temperature of the
environment surrounding the egg.
What is the larval form seen in reptiles?
Trochophore
bipinnaria
nauplius
tadpole
Trick question:
Turtles have direct development… no larva!
Turtles hatch looking like miniature versions of adults.
Organ that stores bile
Gall bladder
Living reptiles most closely related to dinosaurs.
Crocodiles and alligators
Organ that makes bile
liver
Number of ventricles in most reptile hearts.
one
Opening to the digestive system
gullet
Type of skeleton seen in reptiles
Exoskeleton
endoskeleton
Endoskeleton
The albumen and shell of an turtle egg are added in
oviduct
the __________________
ovary
oviduct
cloaca
Snake that kills its prey by squeezing and
suffocating it.
constrictor
MATCH THE PART WITH ITS FUNCTION
LIVER
Stores glycogen _______________________
Uses trypsin & bile to Duodenum
finish digestion _______________
(Small intestine)
Uses acid and muscle contraction
STOMACH
to breakdown food ________________________
Remove nitrogen waste from blood
and makes urine _________________
KIDNEY
“Ringed” tube that carries air to bronchi TRACHEA
_________
Match the organ with its function:
Liver
Makes bile _______________________
Makes, stores, and
spleen
recycles blood cells ________________
Makes digestive enzymes
like trypsin for the small intestine
pancreas
__________________
ileum (Small intestine)
Absorbs nutrients ____________________
Opening to lungs ________________
glottis
“Tummy shell” ___________________
plastron
Tympanic membrane
Eardrum _____________________
Match the organ with its function:
liver
Processes nitrogen waste for kidneys ____________
Respiratory organ in reptiles lungs
________________
Carries both high and low oxygen blood
________________
& __________________
Ventricle
conus arteriosus
Controls involuntary organs ________________
Medulla oblongata
Controls higher thinking/learning cerebrum
______________
Bone connecting eardrum to inner ear columella
___________
Sense organ for smell in roof of
mouth of snakes & lizards Jacobson’s
___________________
organ
Match the organ with its function:
Controls balance & motor coordination cerebellum
___________
Nostrils
________________
External nares
Also called colon ________________
Large intestine
Skull bone ________________
cranium
Receives blood from lungs ______________
Left atrium
Receives blood from body _______________
Sinus venosus
Processes info about vision ___________________
Optic lobes
Name the three body systems that
empty into the cloaca
Digestive, excretory, reproductive
How is reproduction in turtles
different than in frogs?
TURTLES
FROGS
Internal fertilization
amniotic eggs;
Direct development
external fertilization;
jelly coated eggs
indirect development
Give one advantage of being ectothermic
Don’t need as much food as
same size endotherm
Tell 2 disadvantages of being
ectothermic.
Can’t live in cold places
Can’t run, swim, jump etc. for long
periods of time.
Organ that controls heart rate, blood
pressure, and metabolism rate.
Thyroid gland
Reptiles are _________________
deuterostomes
protostomes
deuterostomes
Reptiles are ________________.
vertebrates
invertebrates
vertebrates
Reptiles are _________________
ectotherms
ectotherms
endotherms
T F
Turtles can crawl out of their shells.
F Their ribs and spine are attached to the shell.
T F
Turtles and tortoises are the only
reptiles without teeth.
T They have a hard beak, other reptiles
have teeth.
T F
F
Turtles are pseudocoelomates.
Like all higher animals, they have a
true coelom.
Organisms whose body temperature is
dependent on their environment are called
_______________________
ectothermic
Reptiles have ____________
development.
direct
Direct
indirect
Reptiles have _____________
fertilization.
internal
external
internal
Reptiles have a(n) __________
circulatory system.
closed
open
closed
Protein that forms the scaly skin of
reptiles, bird feathers, and your hair
and fingernails.
KERATIN
Reptiles excrete nitrogen waste in the form of
Uric acid
_________________
Ammonia
urea
uric acid
Animals can excrete nitrogen waste in
several forms (ammonia, urea, uric
acid). Which is the least toxic?
Uric acid
Tell one reason scientists think an asteroid hit
The earth 65 million years ago wiping out
all the large reptiles (dinosaurs)
1. Layer of irridium (common in asteriods but not on Earth) was
found in rock laid down from that time period
2. Discovery of large impact crater in Mexico
3. Quartz crystals in rock show compaction
T F
Reptiles have the ability to
close off their pulmonary circulation.
T They do it when they are swimming under
water or trying to warm up quickly.
T F
F
All reptiles have a 3 chamber heart
except turtles.
Crocodiles are the reptiles with a
4 chamber heart.
The blastopore in reptile embryos
becomes the __________.
anus
mouth
anus
Reptiles, birds, and mammals are thought to
have a common ancestor because they share
what characteristic?
Amniotic eggs
MATCH THE REPTILE WITH ITS ORDER
Snakes and lizards
_________________
SQUAMATA
Turtles & tortoises
CHELONIA
__________________
Crocodiles & alligators
CROCODILIA
_________________
Match the organ with its body system:
excretory
Kidneys _______________________
Heart
________________
circulatory
Ileum __________________
digestive
skin ________________
integumentary
Spinal cord ________________
nervous
oviducts ___________________
reproductive
bronchi _____________________
respiratory
In most organisms, the individual’s sex is
determined by the presence of X or y sex
chromosomes. How is this different in turtles,
crocodiles, & some lizards?
Sex is dependant on the temperature
of the nest where the eggs are laid
How are the lungs of a turtle different than
the lungs in a frog?
Have alveoli; frog lungs don’t
Which of the reptiles provides the most parental care to
their young?
crocodiles
Turtles
lizards
snakes
crocodiles
Reptiles are _________________
ectotherms
ectotherms
endotherms
Snakes like pythons and boas that kill by
squeezing and suffocating their prey are
constrictors
called __________________
This reptile belongs
in the order
Crocodilia
_______________
Follow the path of blood in the frog circulatory system.
Sinus
venosus

 

RIGHT LEFT
Atrium Atrium


Ventricle


 Body
organs
 Lungs




Conus
arteriosus
Match the organ with its function:
bronchi
Smaller tubes that connect
trachea to lungs _______________________
Gland that controls heart rate,
thyroid
blood pressure; cell development ____________
Large intestine
Also called COLON ____________________
Collecting space for urine, feces,
and eggs or sperm __________________
cloaca
Match the organ with its function:
Exit opening in animals
with a cloaca ____________________
vent
External nares
“Nostrils” ________________
Tubes that connect ears
Eustachian
to back of throat __________________
Fan like membrane that holds
digestive organs in place
_________________
mesentery
Tell how the circulatory system in reptiles is
similar to that in amphibians.
Both have:
3 chamber heart
2 atria; 1 ventricle
2 loop closed system
Pulmonary & systemic loops
Sinus venosus and conus arteriosus
Follows same pathway
Arteries leave heart; veins return
Tell how the circulatory system in reptiles is
different from that in amphibians.
Reptiles:
Ventricle has partial septum
(crocodilians 4 chambers)
Sinus venosus & conus arteriosus
are smaller
Can shut down pulmonary loop
Amphibians:
NOT
NOT
Can’t
Snakes like cobras that kill injecting venom
with small fixed (non-movable) fangs are
elapids
called __________________
The ancient reptile order
that includes only two
species of spiny crested
tuataras
Rynchocephalia
is_______________
Tell how the reproductive system in turtles is
different from that in frogs.
TURTLES
FROGS
Internal fertilization
males have penis
external fertilization
w/ amplexus
Direct development
indirect development
Sex determined by
temperature of nest
sex determined by
sex chromosomes
Amniotic eggs
jelly/no shells on eggs
Name a group of reptile that shows another kind of
reproduction besides oviparity.
Snakes or lizards
This reptile belongs in the
Chelonia
order _________________
Name the parts of the brain starting at the spinal
cord and moving toward the nose.
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum
Optic lobes
Cerebrum
Olfactory lobes
Which of these parts is larger in turtles and
in frogs?
Cerebrum
Turtles belong to the
Kingdom :
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Sub Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Vertebrata
Reptilia “to creep or crawl”
Chelonia
“tortoise”
Match the brain part to its function:
Controls involuntary body organs
Medulla oblongata
___________________
Higher thinking & learning _______________
cerebrum
Optic lobes
Processes info about vision ____________________
balance & motor coordination ____________
cerebellum
Olfactory lobes
Processes info about smell _______________
SUBSTANCE
BILE
MADE BY?
LIVER
TRYPSIN
PANCREAS
GLUCAGON
PANCREAS
INSULIN
THYROXIN
FUNCTION?
Breaks down
FATS
Breaks down
PROTEINS
Causes cells to release
stored glucose
PANCREAS
Causes cells to
store glucose
THYROID
GLAND
Controls heart rate, blood
pressure; growth &
development
GLYCOGEN All cells;
Storage form of
especially LIVER glucose;