Transcript How Nutrients Become You

How Nutrients Become You
Food, Nutrients, and Energy

Six Nutrient Groups:
Carbohydrates
 Fats
 Proteins
 Vitamins
 Minerals
 Water

The Functions of Nutrients
Essential nutrients from food are used
to:
* build and repair body tissues
* regulate all body processes
* provide energy
Chemistry of Nutrients

Five of the basic nutrient groups are
compounds:
Carbohydrates
 Fats
 Proteins
 Vitamins
 Water


Minerals are elements.
The Energy Value of Food

The energy value of food is measured in
units called kilocalories.





1 gram of carbohydrates = 4 kilocalories of
energy
1 gram of fat = 9 kilocalories of energy
1 gram protein = 4 kilocalories of energy
Water, vitamins, and minerals do not yield
energy.
The more calories in a food, the more energy it
will provid.
The Digestion Process



Digestion is the process by which your
body breaks down food, and the nutrients
in food, into simpler substances.
Mechanical digestions happens as food
is crushed and churned.
Chemical digestion is when food is mixed
with powerful acids and enzymes.
Digestion
As food is digested, it passes through
a muscular tube leading from the
mouth to the anus. This tube is
called the gastrointestinal (GI)
tract.
 Each section performs important
functions.

Sections of the GI tract
The
 The
 The
 The
 The

mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
Absorption of Nutrients



Absorption is the passage of nutrients
from the digestive tract into the circulatory
of lymphatic system.
Some nutrients can dissolve in water. They
are called water-soluble nutrients.
Some nutrients can dissolve in fat. They
are called fat-soluble nutrients.
Digestion

Digestion Video
Assignment
Read text pages 43-50 (up to
metabolism).
 Answer questions on page 56.


#’s 1 – 9. Due tomorrow.