Transcript Food enters a flatworm`s body cavity through a muscular tube called a

Food enters a flatworm’s body cavity
through a muscular tube called a
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flame cell.
pharynx.
ganglion.
coelom.
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Some flatworms have clusters of nerve cells
that control the nervous system. Each
cluster is called a(an)
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1. ganglion.
2. brain.
3. eyespot.
4. flame cell.
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Most free-living flatworms are
1. hermaphrodites.
2. parasites.
3. members of the
class Cestoda.
4. flukes.
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Many flatworms can detect changes in the
amount of light in their environment using
groups of cells called
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1. flame cells.
2. nerve cords.
3. ganglia.
4. eyespots.
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Why don’t most parasitic flatworms
need a complex digestive system?
1.
They produce metabolic wastes
such as ammonia and urea.
They are carnivores.
They obtain nutrients from food that
has already been digested by their
host.
They excrete water through flame
cells.
2.
3.
4.
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Free-living flatworms, most of which live in
marine environments or fresh water, are
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2.
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flukes.
turbellarians.
tapeworms.
roundworms.
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An adult tapeworm uses its
scolex to
1. attach itself to the
intestinal wall of
its host.
2. digest food.
3. store sperm.
4. store fertilized
eggs.
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In the tapeworm, both male and female
reproductive organs are contained in each
mature
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1. scolex.
2. proglottid.
3. cyst.
4. egg.
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An intermediate host is an
organism in which a parasite
1. reproduces
asexually.
2. reproduces sexually.
3. causes tissue decay.
4. clogs blood vessels.
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Roundworms have a
1. one-way digestive
tract.
2. true coelom.
3. mantle.
4. radula.
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In a pseudocoelom, mesoderm
partially lines the
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germ layer.
body cavity.
blood vessels.
pharynx.
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A pseudocoelom forms between
the mesoderm and
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3.
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endoderm.
ectoderm.
true coelom.
none of the above
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Roundworms have a digestive
system
1. with two
openings.
2. with one opening.
3. within a true
coelom.
4. none of the above
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To move, roundworms use their
1. proglottids.
2. hydrostatic
skeleton.
3. tentacles.
4. pharynx.
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How do the body systems of parasitic
roundworms generally compare to those of
free-living roundworms?
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2.
3.
They are more complex.
They are simpler.
Parasitic roundworms
lack a reproductive
system.
Free-living roundworms
have an internal
transport system.
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The nervous system of a
roundworm includes
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2.
3.
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a simple brain.
a complex brain.
a single ganglion.
several ganglia.
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People can be infected with
roundworms by
1. drinking
contaminated water.
2. eating contaminated
food.
3. insects that bite.
4. all of the above
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What causes the disease called
elephantiasis?
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flukes
filarial worms
hookworms
ascarid worms
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A person who has trichinosis
likely contracted it from
1.
walking barefoot on soil infested with
Trichinella worms.
eating undercooked meat containing
Trichinella cysts.
mosquitoes.
coming in contact with Trichinellainfested snails.
2.
3.
4.
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In earthworms, food is ground
into small pieces in the
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crop.
gizzard.
pharynx.
esophagus.
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The body of an annelid has
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a backbone.
an external shell.
segments.
stinging tentacles.
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Which of these animals has a
true coelom?
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2.
3.
4.
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filarial worm
tapeworm
planarian
leech
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In annelids, nitrogen-containing
wastes are eliminated by
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2.
3.
4.
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clitella.
parapodia.
nephridia.
gills.
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In an earthworm, the dorsal blood
vessel functions like a heart because it
1. connects to sinuses.
2. receives blood from
gills.
3. contracts and helps
pump blood.
4. connects to ring
vessels.
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In earthworms, inability to produce
offspring might be associated with
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2.
lack of a true coelom.
the inability of a worm to
fertilize its own eggs.
a malfunction of the
nephridia.
a malfunction of the
clitellum.
3.
4.
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A type of worm that is an
external parasite is the
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tapeworm.
polychaete.
leech.
earthworm.
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The muscular extension of a leech that
penetrates the tissue of its host is the
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2.
3.
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septum.
radula.
proboscis.
ganglion.
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The bristlelike structures on some
annelids’ bodies are called
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setae.
suckers.
nephridia.
ganglia.
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Earthworms benefit gardeners because
their tunnels provide passageways for
1. leeches.
2. polychaetes.
3. plant roots and
water.
4. planarians.
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The larvae of many marine annelids
are ecologically important because they
1. poison coral reefs.
2. are eaten by
fishes and other
marine animals.
3. feed on
earthworms.
4. none of the above
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What water conditions could be expected in an
area where large numbers of mud-dwelling, filterfeeding, marine annelids are found?
1. disturbed
sediment
2. abundance of
bacteria
3. abundance of
algae
4. all of the above
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Which of the following is evidence that
mollusks and annelids may be closely
related?
1.
2.
Both groups have setae.
Both groups have a
trochophore larva.
Neither group has
lungs.
Both groups include
both marine and
terrestrial animals.
3.
4.
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Mollusks have
1. a pseudocoelom.
2. a true coelom.
3. a body cavity
between the
ectoderm and
mesoderm.
4. no body cavity.
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Why is an open circulatory system adequate
for a bivalve, such as a clam, but not for a
cephalopod, such as a squid?
1.
Bivalves are largely
sedentary, whereas a
squid is fast-moving.
Bivalves have relatively
low oxygen demands.
Squids have relatively
high oxygen demands.
all of the above
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3.
4.
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The thin layer of tissue that covers
a mollusk’s body is called the
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2.
3.
4.
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mantle.
foot.
visceral mass.
shell.
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The tubelike structure through which water
enters and leaves a mollusk’s body is the
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2.
3.
4.
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sinus.
siphon.
coelom.
mantle cavity.
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In the open circulatory system of
some mollusks, blood is found
1. only in sinuses.
2. only in blood
vessels.
3. in blood vessels
and sinuses.
4. only in gills.
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The spade-shaped burrowing structure of
one group of mollusks and the tentacles of
another group are both modifications of the
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1. foot.
2. mantle.
3. shell.
4. visceral mass.
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A pond snail is an example of
a(an)
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2.
3.
4.
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gastropod.
flatworm.
roundworm.
annelid.
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The most active mollusks are
the
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2.
3.
4.
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gastropods.
cephalopods.
bivalves.
nudibranchs.
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Which characteristic would allow you to
differentiate a nautilus from another type of
mollusk?
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1. It has a shell.
2. It has up to 90
tentacles.
3. It has a single
foot.
4. all of the above
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Which pair of terms does NOT include a
class of mollusks and an example of an
animal in that class?
1. Cephalopoda/cuttl 25% 25% 25% 25%
efish
2. Gastropoda/land
slug
3. Bivalvia/clam
4. Cephalopoda/nudi
branch
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Bivalve communities that live near undersea
volcanic vents obtain their food mostly from
1. symbiotic
bacteria.
2. symbiotic algae.
3. detritus.
4. filter-feeding.
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Filter-feeding bivalves can be used to
monitor the environmental health of a habitat
because
1.
the bivalves reproduce
rapidly in polluted water.
the bivalves concentrate
pollutants and
microorganisms in their
tissues.
the bivalves live near deepsea vents.
some bivalves never get
cancer.
2.
3.
4.
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The feeding types that occur within
the phylum Mollusca include
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2.
3.
4.
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herbivores.
carnivores.
detritivores.
all of the above
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Roundworms are the simplest animals to
have three embryonic germ layers.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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5
1
2
Turbellaria is a class of parasitic flatworms.
_________________________
1. True
2. False
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2
3
4
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1
50%
2
A flatworm’s eyespots can detect chemicals.
_________________________
1. True
2. False
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4
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5
1
50%
2
An unidentified worm specimen that has a one-way
digestive tract suspended in a pseudocoelom is likely to be
a(an) annelid. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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2
3
4
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5
1
50%
2
Undigested material leaves a roundworm’s
body through the anus.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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2
3
4
5
1
2
Filarial worms might quickly spread through populations of
birds and mammals over a large area because they are
spread by contact with contaminated soil.
_________________________
1. True
2. False
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2
3
4
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5
1
50%
2
Annelids and mollusks, both of which possess a coelom,
may be more closely related to each other than either is to
flatworms or roundworms. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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2
3
4
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5
1
50%
2
Unlike most parasitic worms, polychaetes
typically attach to their host externally.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
A worm found in a stream that is attached to a rock
by a posterior sucker is a member of the class
Oligochaeta. _________________________
1. True
2. False
1
2
3
4
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5
1
50%
2
Polychaetes are annelids that help aerate
and mix layers of soil, improving the soil’s
quality. _________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
Mollusks are soft-bodied animals that
usually have an internal or external shell.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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2
3
4
5
1
2
Annelids and mollusks may have shared a
common ancestor more than 550 million
years ago. _________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
The type of body cavity shared by all
mollusks is a pseudocoelom.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
In clams and oysters, two shells are held together
by powerful muscles—a trait common to all
cephalopods. ____________________
1. True
2. False
1
2
3
4
50%
5
1
50%
2
Around active deep-sea vents, symbiotic bacteria
provide food for bivalve communities.
_________________________
1. True
2. False
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4
50%
5
1
50%
2
Participant Scores
0
0
Participant 1
Participant 2
0
0
0
Participant 3
Participant 4
Participant 5
The simplest animals to have three embryonic germ layers,
bilateral symmetry, and cephalization are the soft, flattened
worms called ____________________.
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2
3
4
5
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The primary host of Schistosoma mansoni is
a(an) _________________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Roundworms have a tube-within-a-tube
digestive tract with two openings—a mouth
and a(an) ____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
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Many free-living roundworms are
____________________, which are animals
that eat other animals.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
The larvae of the roundworm species named
____________________ form cysts in the
host’s muscle tissue.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
A filter-feeding annelid fans water through
tubelike burrows and catches food particles
in a ____________________ bag.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Annelids have a(an) ____________________
circulatory system, in which blood is contained in a
network of blood vessels.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
The type of embryonic tissue that lines a
true coelom is called
____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
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Sandworms and bloodworms are members
of the class of marine annelids called
____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
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Bottom-dwelling annelids from the class
____________________ are important in marine
ecosystems and form part of the diets of fishes and
crustaceans.
1
2
3
4
5
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A marine animal that has a(an) ____________________
larva and a true coelom could be either an annelid or a
mollusk—it is impossible to classify it without further
information.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Many aquatic mollusks have a freeswimming larval stage, called a(an)
____________________ larva.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
The shell of most mollusks is composed of
________________________, which is
secreted by glands in the mantle.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
The foot of most cephalopods is divided into
eight or more arms called
____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Some snails and other mollusks never seem
to develop any form of
____________________.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What are the characteristics of
flatworms?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What role do freshwater snails play in the
life cycle of the blood fluke Schistosoma?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Describe the tube-within-a-tube
body plan of roundworms.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What role does diffusion play in the
lives of roundworms and flatworms?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
How can washing vegetables before you eat
them help prevent the severe malnutrition
associated with ascarid worms?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
How do hookworms infect
humans?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
How do the sense organs of free-living
marine annelids differ from those of other
annelids?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What structures enable leeches
to cling to their hosts?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
In what ways do earthworms
improve soil quality?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What is the meaning of the Latin word
molluscus? Why is this meaning appropriate
for mollusks?
1
2
3
4
5
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What are the four parts of the
body plan of most mollusks?
1
2
3
4
5
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How do most aquatic mollusks
breathe?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What is a feature of land slugs and
nudibranchs that sets them apart from other
gastropods?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
What has happened to the internal
shell of squids over evolutionary time?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
How can checks of bivalves warn public
health officials of health problems related to
water purity?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Describe the nervous system of
a typical free-living flatworm.
1
2
3
4
5
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How are tapeworms well adapted to living
and reproducing inside the body of a host?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Describe the nervous system of
a roundworm.
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
Describe the life cycle of the roundworm
Ascarislumbricoides when pigs are the host
organism.
1
2
3
4
5
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Describe two modifications of the pharynx
that allow different types of annelids to feed.
1
2
3
4
5
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How are leeches used in the
practice of medicine?
1
2
3
4
5
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What might happen to the soil in an area
where earthworms were killed by a
pesticide, and why?
1
2
3
4
5
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What is a trochophore? Why is it important
in inferring evolutionary relationships?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
How do filter-feeding bivalves
obtain their food?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5
How do bivalves near active
deep-sea vents obtain food?
1
2
3
4
5
0 of 5