Transcript Immune System Review Book

Immune System
Review Book
Fold a blank piece of paper into 8
rectangles, then cut them apart. Staple
the pages together to make a booklet.
staples
Immune System
Review Book
The purpose of the book is to give you an overview/summary of the
Immune system. Use it to help you study!
Cover of book:
Immune System
Review Book
By: _________________
Inside cover (first pages)
Left side
right side
1. Surface Barriers
The Three Lines of Defense:
1. Surface Barriers
2. Nonspecific Response
3. Specific Response
Skin
Tears
Mucous
Membranes
Saliva
Cough
&Sneeze
Friendly
Bacteria
Low pH Urine
Diarrhea
Next pages
2. Non-specific Response
Complement Proteins: Can interact with carb
molecules on the surfaces of microorganisms
Cascade
Reactions to
make protein
“membrane
attack
complexes”
Lysis
Attack complexes
insert into cell
membrane and lyse
microorganism
(death)
Next Pages (I’m sorry I forgot these in class
Wednesday! You can add them to the end of your
booklet if it is too hard to insert them)
2. Inflammatory Response—
also non-specific
a. Bacteria invade
d. Complement
proteins attack
bacteria
b. Tissue
irritation
causes mast
cells to release
histamine
(shown here
c. Capillary walls
as red dots)
become leaky. Fluid
and complement
proteins leak out.
Swelling.
e. Phagocytes
engulf invaders
Next pages
3. Specific Response
Antigen triggers formation of lymphocyte armies.
antigen on surface
of bacterial cell
antigen on surface
of virus
T and B lymphocytes will
specifically recognize
FOREIGN antigens.
T and B will divide repeatedly into
effector and memory cells.
Our own cells recognize each
other. Cells have
MHC markers designating “self.”
Next pages
3. “T” Cell Mediated Response
b.
T cell Receptor of Helper T
cells recognize the specific
MHC-antigen complex.
Binding stimulates the
macrophage to secrete
interleukins.
c.
Helper T releases
interleukin 2.
d.
Interleukin 2 stimulates cell
division of effector
cytotoxic T armies
Antigen-MHC
Complex
a. Macrophages
ingest virus particles.
Virus antigens are not
digested, ANTIGEN IS
DISPLAYED IN MHC
COMPLEX
Effector cytotoxic T:
What does cytotoxic T do?
Next pages
Effector Cytotoxic T cells find body
cells infected with the virus (virus
antigen presented in antigen-MHC
complex). They “touch kill” cells with
perforins.
antigen-MHC
complex on
infected
body cell
effector
cytotoxic
T cell
touch-killed body cell
3. Antibody-mediated
response (B cells)
Antibody:
antigen-binding sites
last pages
3. Antibody-mediated response
B cell armies are made
B cell encounters
unbound Antigen from
bacteria. Receptors
bind antigen. Antigen
is displayed in MHC.
Helper T binds to
antigen-MHC.
Interleukins are
released. Interleukins
trigger cell division: B
cell armies are made.
Effector B cells
Make/secrete
many antibodies
Memory B
cells are
made, too