Transcript Anxiety Disorders

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Discuss the major diagnostic categories,
including anxiety and their corresponding
symptoms.
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Anxiety
Phobias
 Phobia list
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
 Scale
 Howie Mandel clip
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PTSD
 Brothers
 Symptoms
continuum
mild
 Diagnosing
criteria
severe
– must meet four
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Anxiety – vague feeling of apprehension
& nervousness
Symptoms of Anxiety
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Restlessness
Feeling on edge
Difficulty concentration
Irritability
Muscle tension
Sleep disturbance
How is anxiety
adaptive?
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Heredity
Brain function
Evolution
Conditioning
Observational learning
Reinforcement
Anxiety Disorders
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Generalized anxiety
disorder (GAD) –
disruptive levels of
persistent, unexplained
feelings of
apprehension &
tenseness
 Excessive worry/anxiety
 Has difficulty controlling worry
& leads to significant distress
or impairment in
occupational/social
functioning
GAD is a common
condition, affecting about
3% of people. Anyone can
develop this disorder, even
children. GAD occurs
more often in women than
in men. – U.S. National Library of
Medicine
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Panic Disorder –
sudden bouts of
intense
unexplained
panic
Diagnostic Criteria for Panic Attack in
DSM IV (must have 4 or more)
1. Palpitations, pounding heart
2. Sweating
3. Trembling
4. Senastions of shortness of breath
5. Feeling of choking
6. Chest pain or discomfort
7. Nausea or abdominal distress
8. Feeling dizzy, lighteaded
9. Derealization (detached from
yourself)
10. Fear of losing control or going crazy
11. Fear of dying
12. Paresthesias (numbness or tingling
sensations
13. Chills or hot flushes
 Phobia
– a fear of an object or
situation that is irrational and
disruptive
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Specific Phobia – marked and persistent fear
that is excessive or unreasonable , cued by
the presence or anticipation of a specific
object or situation
Agoraphobia - anxiety about being in
situations from which escape might be either
difficult or embarrassing
 Can follow panic attacks
Social Phobia – afraid of and avoids social
situations (either performance anxiety or
interpersonal actions)
 Ex: dating, parties,
 fear of being humiliated or embarrassed
 Obsession
– repetitive, unwanted,
intrusive thoughts, images or
impulses
 Compulsion
– repetitive behaviors or
mental acts to reduce anxiety
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Obsessive Compulsive
Disorder – anxiety
disorder characterized
by unwanted
repetitive thoughts
and/or actions
*OCD is more
common in
teens &
young adults
Signs & Symptoms
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Obsessions
Dirt/germs – 40%
Fire, death, illness -24%
Symmetry, order – 19%
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Compulsions
Hand washing/bathing/grooming – 85%
Rituals – 51$
Checking doors, locks car brakes – 46%
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Have repeated thoughts or images
about many different things, such as fear
of germs, dirt, or intruders; acts of
violence; hurting loved ones; sexual acts;
conflicts with religious beliefs; or being
overly tidy
Do the same rituals over and over such
as washing hands, locking and unlocking
doors, counting, keeping unneeded
items, or repeating the same steps again
and again
Can't control the unwanted thoughts
and behaviors
Don't get pleasure when performing the
behaviors or rituals, but get brief relief
from the anxiety the thoughts cause
Spend at least 1 hour a day on the
thoughts and rituals, which cause distress
and get in the way of daily life
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Post traumatic
Stress Disorder –
reliving a severely
upsetting event in
unwanted
recurring
memories and
dreams
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Post traumatic
growth– positive
psychological
changes as a
result of struggling
with extremely
challenging
circumstances &
life crisis
Statistics
7.7 million Americans (more women)
2/3 prostitutes
19% Vietnam Vets
1 in 6 combat from Iraq
1. Re-experiencing symptoms
Flashbacks—reliving the trauma over
and over, including physical symptoms
like a racing heart or sweating
Bad dreams
Frightening thoughts.
2. Avoidance symptoms
Staying away from places, events, or
objects that are reminders of the
experience
Feeling emotionally numb
Feeling strong guilt, depression, or worry
Losing interest in activities that were
enjoyable in the past
Having trouble remembering the
dangerous event.
3. Hyperarousal symptoms
Being easily startled
Feeling tense or “on edge”
Having difficulty sleeping, and/or
having angry outbursts.
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Psychotherapy (psychoanalytic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive)
 Psyhchoanalysis – dig up past to clarify present
 Id, Superego, Ego
 Resistance
 Interpretation
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Classical Conditioning Techniques (Behavioral)
 Counterconditioning
 Systemic desensitization
 Aversive conditioning
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Systemic desensitization
– counterconditioning
that associates a
pleasant relaxed state
with gradually increasing
anxiety-triggering stimuli.
Commonly used to treat
phobias
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Aversive Conditioning
–counterconditioning
that associates an
unpleasant state
(such as nausea) with
an unwanted
behavior (such as
drinking alcohol)
 Hock
264-271
 Myers
642-646
 Psych
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 Work
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due Mon 3/18
 List
3 kinds of Anxiety disorders
 Describe
three symptoms of
anxiety disorders
 http://phobialist.com/
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=dSZNnz9SM4g (Howie Mandel)