Transcript Major Religions 2 - Beavercreek City Schools

5 Religions of the World
Unit 9
Name
Date
RED
WORLD RELIGIONS
BLACK
Religion
an organized system of beliefs,
ceremonies, and rules used to
worship a god or a group of gods
Types of Religions
1. Monotheistic religions believe in
one god.
2. Polytheistic religions believe in
many gods.
Religions of the World
Religions of the World
Religions of the World
Red = Christianity, Green = Islam
Religions of the World
Religion
Followers
Christianity
1.9 billion
Islam
1.1 billion
Hinduism
781 million
Buddhism
324 million
Sikhism
19 million
Judaism
14 million
MONOTHEISTIC
RELIGIONS
3 Monotheistic Religions
1. Judaism (2000 BCE)
2. Christianity (26-36 CE)
3. Islam (610 CE)
Judaism
•
Monotheism - There is one god
•
Abraham- is the ‘father’ of the Jewish
people.
•
God revealed his laws to his people through
Moses and the ten commandments.
Judaism Symbol- Star of David
Judaism Holy Book- Torah
Western Wall
The Western Wall is
located in the Old City
of Jerusalem
Construction started:
19 BC
Height: 62' (19 m)
Christianity
•
Christianity was heavily influenced by
Judaism.
1. Monotheism - There is one god
2. Jesus Christ (son of God) died for the sins of
humankind.
3. Salvation comes from faith in God.
Christianity Holy Book- Bible
• Christians believe the Old and New
Testaments of the Bible are holy books. The
first four books of the New Testament were
written by followers of Jesus.
Christianity Symbol- Cross
The 2 Parts of Christianity
1. Roman Catholic
2. Protestant
Islam
• Islam is a monotheistic religion
• Developed in Saudi Arabia in the early 600s.
• Islam was founded by the Prophet Muhammed.
Islam
Islam 5 Pillars of Faith
The five pillars or central teachings of Islam are:
1.
A statement of faith
2. Prayer (five times a day in the direction of
Mecca)
3. Charity
4. Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your
lifetime (called the Hajj)
5. Fasting (during the month of Ramadan)
Islam Holy Book- Qur'an (Koran)
• The teachings of Muhammed were collected
into a book called the Qur’an (Koran).
Islam Place of Worship- Mosques.
Islam Symbol-Crescent and Star
Dome of the Rock
Mecca
Video Clip
• Monotheistic Religions
• 5 World Religions
POLYTHEISTIC
RELIGIONS
2 Polytheistic Religions
1.Hinduism
2.Buddhism
Hinduism
• Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the
world.
• Originated in South Asia, present day India,
around 2500 B.C.E.
Hinduism
• Brahman- refers to a supreme spirit.
• Hindus believe that the goal of life is to reach
nirvana.
• Hindus believe in reincarnation and karma.
▫ A person dies, then lives again, until they finally
reach nirvana.
Hinduism Holy BooksSeveral holy books called
1. Vedas
2. Upanishads
3. The epics the Mahabharata and Ramayana.
Hinduism Caste System
• The caste system is a system of social
organization in India.
• When a person is born they are born into one of
four castes.
• This system has led to discrimination and has
been outlawed in India. Hindus still debate
whether the caste system is part of Hinduism or
an outdated social custom.
Hinduism Caste System
1.
Brahmins: Teachers and
priests.
2.
Kshatriyas: Warriors,
nobles, and kings.
3.
Vaishyas: Farmers,
merchants, and
businessmen.
4.
Shudras: Servants and
laborers.
Buddhism
• Buddhism is related to Hinduism and shares
many of the same basic beliefs.
• Buddhism was founded by a man named
Siddhartha who was born as a prince. He is
not a God and stated he did not want to be
worshipped but to show the way that anyone
can reach enlightenment.
• The relationship between Buddhism and
Hinduism is similar to the relationship
between Christianity and Judaism.
• Founded in India around 500 BC by Siddhartha
Guatama who became Buddha, the Enlightened
One, when he was 29
• Buddhism has no unique creed, no single authority
and no single sacred book
• Buddhism focuses on each individual seeking to
attain enlightenment
• His main teachings was to eliminate human wants as
they are the cause of suffering in the world
Key beliefs and values are contained in "The Four Noble
Truths“
1. Life means suffering.
2. The origin of suffering is attachment to worldly things.
3. The end to suffering is attainable through eliminating
physical wants/needs , breaking free from the cycle of
rebirth and reaching Nirvana.
4. The path to the end of suffering and achieving Nirvana
is to follow the Eight Fold Path.
Eight Fold Path
Buddhist must
follow the 8 fold
path to reach
nirvana
Buddhism