Transcript The Regions` Religions

Religions in the
Middle East
Tim e Line
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2000 BCE
1500 BCE
1000 BCE
500 BCE
500 CE
1000 CE
1500 CE
2000 CE
Jesus Christ
c. 4 BCEc. 30 CE
Abraham
Christianity
c. 30 CE
Judaism
c. 1500 BCE
Moses
Hinduism
c. 1700 BCE
Judaism
c. 1300-1200 BCE
Torah1st 5 books of Old
Testament
KΥung/Kongfuzi
(Confucius)
551-479 BCE
Confucianism
Lao-Tzu
Muha mmad
570-632 CE
Guru Nanak
1469-1539 CE
Islamic
Community
Sikhism
c. 622 CE
Taoism
Guata ma
Buddha
563-483 BCE
Buddhism
550 BCE
BC= Before Christ
BCE= Before the Comm on Era
AD= Ann o Domi ni (in the year of our Lord)
CE= Comm on Era
*BC & AD relate all dates to the birth of Jesus
Judaism
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Originated in Mesopotamia
(Middle East)
Abraham – Monotheistic
Followers “Jews” or
“Jewish”
Teachings of the Torah (Old
Testament)
Spread throughout the
Middle East / North Africa
Judaism
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Oldest of the three monotheistic religions.
Abraham is regarded as the father of their
people. (Jews)
Monotheistic (belief in one god)
Accepts the Old Testament as its Holy
Book. (Torah: First 5 books of the Old
Testament)
Judaism
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Abraham & Moses considered Prophets.
Jerusalem is a Holy City.
Recognizes the 10 Commandments
Many denominations/sects.
Divine creation of the universe
Judaism
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Place of Worship: Synagogue
Religious Festivals: Passover, Hanukkah
Dietary Restrictions: Mosaic Law (No pork,
shell fish, etc.)
Foods must meet the laws of kosher
(blessed by priest or prepared correctly)
Christianity
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Originated in Galilee Middle East
Teachings of Jesus Monotheistic
Followers – Christians
Bible – New & Old
Testaments
Most widely distributed
religion throughout the world
Christianity
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Second oldest of the three monotheistic
religions.
Jesus is considered the son of God.
Accepts both the Old Testament and New
Testament as Holy Books.
Monotheistic (belief in one god)
Abraham & Moses considered Prophets.
Christianity
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Jerusalem is a Holy City.
Recognizes the 10 Commandments
Many denominations/sects.
Divine creation of the universe
Place of Worship: Church
Religious Holidays: Christmas & Easter
Based on the life and teachings of Jesus
Peter and Paul help spread Christianity in the
1st Century AD.
Islam
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Originated in Saudi Arabia Middle East
Teachings of Muhammad
Followers – Muslims
Qur’an (Koran)
Spread throughout the Middle
East into Europe, Africa, and
Southwest Asia
Islam
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Third oldest of the three monotheistic
religions.
Holy book is the Qur'an.
Accepts both the Old Testament and New
Testament as Holy Books.
Followers participate in a pilgrimage to
Mecca. (Hajj)
Islam
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Jesus is recognized as a Prophet
Denominations/sects: Sunni & Shia
Divine creation of the Universe
Place of Worship: Mosque
Religious Month of Ramadan (Ninth month on
the Muslim Lunar calendar) (Fasting)
Dietary Restrictions: (No pork)
Main prophet is Muhammed.
Islam
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God: Allah
Holy Cities: Mecca & Medina (Saudi
Arabia) & Jerusalem (Israel)
5 Pillars of Islam
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1) Faith: Shahada "There is no god, except
Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of
Allah."
2) Prayer: Salat Pray 5 X a day facing
Mecca.
3) Charity: Zakat donate 2.5% of their
capital
4) The Fast: During Ramadan fasting from
Daylight to Dark.
5) Pilgrimage: Hajj: A muslim who is
physically able should make a pilgrimage to
Mecca once during their lifetime.