Transcript Thaddeus Stevens - Groton Public Schools

Lincoln’s Funeral Train
Lincoln’s Funeral procession on
Pennsylvania Avenue
Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson was the 17th
President of the United States
(1865–1869). Following the
assassination of President Lincoln,
Johnson presided over the
immediate aftermath of the Civil war.
As president, he took charge of
Presidential Reconstruction – the
first phase of Reconstruction –
which lasted until the Radical
Republicans gained control of
Congress in the 1866 elections. His
conciliatory policies towards the
South, his hurry to reincorporate the
former Confederate states back into
the union, and his vetoes of civil
rights bills embroiled him in a bitter
dispute with some Republicans. The
Radicals in the House of
Representatives impeached him in
1868, charging him with violating the
Tenure of Office Act, a law enacted
by Congress in March 1867 over
Johnson's veto, but he was acquitted
by a single vote in the Senate.
“Sir Veto”
Thaddeus Stevens
I repose in this quiet and
secluded spot
Not from any natural
preference for solitude
But, finding other
Cemeteries limited as to
Race by Charter Rules,
I have chosen this that I
might illustrate in my
death
The Principles which I
advocated
Through a long life,
EQUALITY OF MAN
BEFORE HIS CREATOR
The Freedmen’s Bureau
Freed slaves in the South regarded schooling as the key to improving their
children’s lives and the fulfillment of a long-sought right that had been denied
blacks in slavery. These well-dressed schoolchildren are lined up outside their rural,
one-room schoolhouse alongside their teachers, both black and white.
Educating Young Freedmen and Freedwomen, 1870s
King Andy
President Andrew
Johnson’s repeated
clashes with Congress
over Reconstruction
outraged many
Northerners who
thought he abused the
power of the
presidency to shelter
the defeated
Confederacy from the
consequences of defeat
“Andy Veto”
February of 1866,
President Johnson vetoed
an extension of the
Freedman’s Bureau.
This was followed by the
president’s veto of the
Civil Rights Act of 1866
and Congress historical
override of a presidential
veto for the first time.
Congress vs. Johnson
Grant
Stanton
Johnson
On February 25, 1868, the House Managers of Impeachment, led by
Thaddeus Stevens and John A. Bingham of Ohio, went before the U.S.
Senate to present eleven articles of impeachment against President
Andrew Johnson. The case rested on Johnson's removal of Secretary of
War Edwin M. Stanton from office, but in reality grew out of
congressional disapproval of Johnson's Reconstruction policies.
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
“Poor Andy”
Congressional Military Districts
of Reconstruction
Statehood and Restoration
The exercise of democratic rights by former slaves constituted a
political and social revolution in the South and was bitterly resented
by whites.
Freedmen Voting, Richmond, Virginia, 1871
Carpetbagger
The most notorious of the secret
terrorist societies was the Ku Klux
Klan which originated in Tennessee
in 1866. At first it was purely a social
club, but by 1868 it had been taken
over by vigilante types dedicated to
driving blacks out of politics, and it
was spreading rapidly across the
South. Sheet-clad night riders
roamed the countryside, frightening
the impressionable and chastising the
defiant. When intimidation failed ,
the klansmen resorted to force. In
hundreds of cases the KKK
murdered their opponents, often in
the most gruesome manner.
Congress struck at the Klan with
three Force Acts. Neverthe less the
KKK contributed substantially to the
destruction of Republican regimes in
the South.
“The Union
As It Was”
By Thomas Nast
The Ku Klux
Klan, Tennessee,
1868
This night-riding
terrorist has even
masked the identity
of his horse.
Ulysses S. Grant
Ulysses S. Grant (1822 – 1885) was
general-in-chief of the Union Army
from 1864 to 1869 during the
American Civil War and the 18th
President of the United States from
1869 to 1877. Popular due to the
Union victory in the war, Grant was
elected President of the United States
as a Republican in 1868 and reelected in 1872, the first President to
serve two full terms since Andrew
Jackson 40 years before. As President,
Grant led Reconstruction by signing
and enforcing Congressional civil
rights legislation. Grant built a
powerful, patronage-based Republican
Party in the South, straining relations
between the North and former
Confederates. His administration was
marred by scandal, sometimes the
product of nepotism.
Ulysses S. Grant
Horatio Seymour
Republican
Democrat
3,013,421
2,706,829
52.7%
47.3%
“Let us Have Peace”
General Grant National
Memorial, better known as
Grant's Tomb, is a
mausoleum containing the
bodies of Ulysses S. Grant
(1822–1885), American Civil
War General and 18th
President of the United
States, and his wife, Julia
Dent Grant. The granite and
marble structure was
designed by architect John
Duncan, and completed in
1897. The National Park
Service maintains that it is
the largest mausoleum in
North America.
Presidential Election of 1876
The End of Reconstruction
Republican – Ohio
Democrat – New York
Presidential Election of 1876
Presidential Election of 1876