Transcript Database System (DBS)

Chapter 1
Databases
Introduction
The content
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1).Database Application
2).Database concept
3).An example of database
4).Function of DBMS
5).DBMS product
Difficulty: the function of DBMS
Focus on: the concept of DBMS
Hours:2 hours
Teaching way: ppt
Database Application
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Databases touch all aspects of our lives
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Banking: all transactions
Airlines: reservations, schedules
Universities: registration, grades
Sales: customers, products, purchases
Online retailers: order tracking, customized
recommendations
Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply chain
Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax
deductions
Database concept
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1) Data
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Used to describe the world.
can be recorded and have implicit meaning.
Data can exist in a variety of forms -- as numerical
numbers, letters, text, image, sound, video and
etc.
Data can be stored ,processed, transmitted.
Example:
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（Tom，male，1992，Chang Sha，computer specialty，
2010）
Database concept
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2) Database
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it’s nothing more than a collection of related data
that exists over a long period of time.
Student table
index
name
age
gender
major
year
95004
Lily
19
f
95
95006
Tom
20
m
95008
Lucy
18
f
comput
er
medicin
e
law
…
…
…
…
…
…
95
95
Example of Data and Database
Sizes of Database
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Personal database
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Workgroup database
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1 user; < 10 MB
< 25 users; < 100 MB
Organizational database
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Hundreds to thousands users
>1 Trillion bytes, possibly several databases
Database concept
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3) DBMS
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A collection of programs that enables you to store,
modify, protect,manage and extract information
from a database.
There are many different types of DBMSs, ranging
from small systems that run on personal
computers to huge systems that run on
mainframes.
DBMS functionality
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Definition
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Define a database involves defining the data types,
structures, and constraints for the data to be stored in the
database.
Manipulation
Manipulating a database includes such functions
as querying the database to retrieve specific data, updating
the database to reflect changes in the miniworld
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Sharing
Sharing a database allows
multiple users and programs to access the database
concurrently.
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DBMS functionality
Protection
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includes both system protection
against hardware or software malfunction (or
crashes), and security protection against
unauthorized or malicious access.
Maintenance
Such as inputting and transferring of Data, DB
backup and recovery, performance monitoring,
audit and analysis etc.
Database System (DBS)
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4) Database System (DBS).
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DB, DBMS, Development Tools, DB applications, DB
Administrator (DBA) and users
User
User
Application Systems
DB applications
Developing Tools
Developing Tools
DBMS, Compiling System
Operating System
DBMS
DBA
Hardware
OS
DBMS in Computer System
DB
A
simplified
database
system
environme
nt.
A specific example
A database that stores student and
course information.
A specific example
A database that stores student and
course information.
A specific example
A database that stores student and
course information.
A specific example
Two views derived from the database in Figure (a)
The STUDENT TRANSCRIPT view. (b) The
COURSE PREREQUISITES view.
3 DBMS Product
VFP、
ACCES
S
MYSQL、 ORACL
HOSTS E
QL
SQL
SERVE
R
SYSBAS
E
INFOR
MIX
INGRE DB2
S
OS
DOS
WIN98
Linux
all
window
s
all
all
all
comp
any
MS
ORACL
E
MS
SYSBAS
E
inform
ix
time
80’s
90’s
1979
1994
1987
1988
1975
capac
ity
usual
usual
good
good
good
good
good
AS/40
0
IBM
good
The DBMS Marketplace
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Relational DBMS companies – Oracle, Sybase – are among the
largest software companies in the world.
IBM offers its relational DB2 system. With IMS, a nonrelational
system, IBM is by some accounts the largest DBMS vendor in the
world.
Microsoft offers SQL-Server, plus Microsoft Access for the cheap
DBMS on the desktop, answered by “lite” systems from other
competitors.
Relational companies also challenged by “object-oriented DB”
companies.
But countered with “object-relational” systems, which retain the
relational core while allowing type extension as in OO systems.
Summary
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From this lecture you can learn the basic
concept of database such as DB,DBS,DBMS
and the differences between them ,the
function of DBMS and the history of data
processing and via an example you can
master these concept better.
Any Questions?
If there are any outstanding questions you can ask me
one-to-one after the lecture OR privately in my office.
Exercises
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What are the definitions of
data ,DB,DBMS,DBS,DBA?
Go to search the internet and find out the
tendency of database.
Learn MS Access by yourself.