Transcript Reconstruction 1865-1877 Restoring the Nation

Reconstruction
1865-1877
Restoring the Nation
The South in Ruins at the End of the Civil
War
Destruction of Charleston, SC
Rail Lines in Atlanta
Still Burying the Dead One Year After the War at
Cold Harbor, Virginia
Andrew
Johnson
President
1865-1869
Andrew Johnson
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Born in Raleigh, NC-1806
Moved to Greenville, Tennessee as
teenager
Married Eliza McCardle of Greenville
Tailor
Tennessee General Assembly and
Governor of Tennessee
Only Southern US Senator Who
Remained Loyal to the Union
Selected as Lincoln’s running mate in
1864
Andrew Johnson Birthplace on the campus of
NC State University, Raleigh
Andrew Johnson Home
Greenville, Tennessee
50 Miles West of Asheville
Black Codes
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Laws that were passed
by Southern Legislatures
during Reconstruction
that restricted the
freedoms of former
slaves
Radical Republicans
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Members of Congress
led by Thaddeus Stevens
of Pennsylvania and
Charles Sumner of
Massachusetts who
wanted stricter
Reconstruction guidelines
for the South
Stevens
Sumner
1865-13th Amendment to the
US Constitution
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Legal Abolishment
of Slavery in all
states in the Union
All Southern States
were required to
ratify this
constitutional
amendment for
remittance to the
Union
1866-14th Amendment to the United
States Constitution
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Made all former slaves
citizens of the United
States
All Southern States had
to ratify this
amendment for
remittance back into the
Union
15th Amendment to the
United States Constitution
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The 15th Amendment
Gave Black Males the
Right to Vote
The Radical Republican Reconstruction Plan
Military Rule in the South
William Holden
NC’s Reconstruction Governor
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Raleigh Newspaper Owner
Who Led Peace Movement
During the Civil War for NC
to Return to the Union
He said that the “War was a
rich man’s war and a poor
man’s fight.”
1865- Appointed Military
Governor by President
Andrew Johnson
Organized the Republican
Party in NC
1868- North Carolina Is Readmitted to the
Union
Freedmen’s Bureau
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Federal program to aide
the former slaves,
especially the creation of
African American schools
Helping the South
Magazine Drawing Showing Freedman’s Bureau Officer
Protecting Black From an Angry White Mob in Alabama
Ku Klux Klan
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Began in Pulaski,Tennessee
by Former Confederate
General Nathan Bedford
Forrest
Name Origin- Ku KlosGreek, “Circle”
Reconstruction Era Objectives of the Klan
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1. Restore law and order to the wartorn South
2. Protect Southern White Women
from the Former Black Slaves
3. Return the South to White Rule
4. Promote White Supremacy
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5. Promote Protestant Christianity
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The Klan
Wanted Be
Known as the
Protector of
the White
Women of the
South
The Klan Idea of America-WASP
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W- Must Be White
A- Anglo-(Ancestors
from Northern Europe
that had descended
from the Anglo Saxon
tribes that established
themselves mostly in the
British Isles by the early
Dark Ages
S-Saxon
P- Protestant Christianity
Poster By Southern Democrats Who Were Pushing For White Rule
Southern “Jim Crow” Laws
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Laws passed by
Southern Legislators to
enforce segregation
during Reconstruction
and lasted until the
1960’s
Thomas Rice, a white man
portrayed a black man in a
negative manner named
Jim Crow.
“Carpetbaggers”
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Northerners who moved
to the South during
Reconstruction and took
advantage of
Southerners.
“Scalawags”
*Southerners who blamed
Southern Democrats for
causing the Civil War
*Southerners who voted
for Republicans
Thomas Nast 1874 CartoonRepublican Elephant
Andrew Johnson’s Impeachment Charges
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The House of
Representatives Brings 11
Counts of Impeachment
The Major Charge Was that
Andrew Johnson Did Not
Have the Authority to Fire
Secretary of War Edwin
Stanton Without
Congressional Approval
Impeachment Hearing for Andrew Johnson
UNITED STATES SENATE - ANDREW JOHNSON’ S
IMPEACHMENT TRIAL-1868
The Senate Allows Andrew Johnson to Remain President
By 1 Vote
Andrew Johnson’s Grave
Greenville, Tennessee
•Andrew Johnson was elected to the
United States Senate from Tennessee.
• He is the only former President to be
elected to the Senate.
•He died in Carter County, Tennessee,
1875. His burial request was to be
wrapped in an American flag and for his
head to rest on a copy of the United
States Constitution
Ulysses S. Grant
18th President 1869-1877
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Former Union General
Weak President With
Scandal in
Administration
Reconstruction Cartoon
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Is this a cartoon that
would have been in a
Southern or Northern
Newspaper? Why?
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February, 1870- The Klan hanged
an African American Republican
Leader, Wyatt Outlaw on the
grounds of the Alamance County
Courthouse and a white
Republican leader, John
Stephens in Caswell County
Governor Holden sends troops
under former Union Colonel
George Kirk to Caswell and
Alamance Counties
100 citizens are arrested and
held without habeas corpus
(holding without charges)
This leads to the General
Assembly trying Governor Holden
for Impeachment
He’s Convicted of 6/8 charges
and removed from office. He
was first governor in American
history to be impeached.
Kirk- Holden War
Stephens
Governor
Holden
Reconstruction Progress in the South
The End of Reconstruction-1877
Rutherford B. Hayes
19th President-(1877-1881)-Republican/Ohio
Lucy Hayes
Ended Reconstruction
and Pulled All Military
From the Former
States of the
Confederacy
Did Not Allow Any Alcohol
in the White House and
was Given the Nickname
“Lemonade Lucy.”
She Began the Annual
Easter Egg Hunt at the
White House
Has the South Reconstructed or Are We Still Not
There???
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Is the South different today?
Has the South “Caught Up”
with the rest of the nation in
economics, education, and
general standard of living?
What evidence is there that
the South can be truly be
called “The New South?”
What is still around from the
Reconstruction Era 18651877?
Charlotte
Atlanta