Transcript Lesson 17.4: The Legacy of the War

Lesson 17.4: The Legacy of the
War
Today’s Essential Question: What were the
costs and consequences of the Civil War?
Vocabulary
• consequence – the result of an action
or decision
• conspirator – someone plotting
something, usually illegal, with other
people
• sympathizer – someone who supports
or agrees with someone else in a
dispute
Check for Understanding
• What are we going to do today?
• What are the consequences for Level A
or B behavior?
• If you get in trouble at school, are your
parents going to be your sympathizers?
• Describe a time when you were a
conspirator.
What We Already Know
In bloody battles such
as Antietam and
Gettysburg,
thousands of men
died every day.
What We Already Know
Lincoln changed the
character of the war
by issuing the
Emancipation
Proclamation, more
to prevent the
involvement of
European nations
than to end slavery.
What We Already Know
For most Americans, Lee’s
surrender to Grant at
Appomattox meant the end
of the Civil War.
Costs of the War
• After the war,
President Lincoln
hoped to heal the
nation and bring
North and South
together again.
• Despite the generous
terms of surrender
offered to Lee, hard
feelings remained.
Costs of the War
• The Civil War was the deadliest war in
American history.
• In four years of fighting, approximately
620,000 soldiers died—360,000 for the
Union and 260,000 for the Confederacy.
Costs of the War
Another 275,000 Union
soldiers and 260,000
Confederate soldiers
were wounded.
A tell B
• Approximately how many Union men
were killed in the Civil War?
Approximately 360,000 Union
men were killed in the Civil War.
• Be sure to re-state the question in your
response!
B tell A
• Approximately how many Confederates
were wounded during the Civil War?
Approximately 260,000
Confederates were wounded
during the Civil War.
• Be sure to re-state the question in your
response!
Costs of the War
Along with the soldiers, many other
Americans had their lives disrupted
by the war.
Costs of the War
The war had cost the
government of the United
States more than five times
what it had spent in its first
eighty years.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
22. What were some of the
human costs of the Civil War?
A. Approximately 620,000 military deaths
B. Approximately 535,000 wounded
soldiers
C. Approximately 260,000 civilian deaths
D. Disruption of many civilian lives
E. Destruction of billions of dollars of
private property in the North
Choose ALL that are true!
The Emancipation Proclamation
had freed very few slaves.
• The Proclamation applied
primarily to slaves in the
Confederacy, and many
blacks in the border
states were still enslaved
when the war ended.
• In 1864, President Lincoln
called for a constitutional
amendment to end slavery
entirely, but it failed to
pass Congress.
The Emancipation Proclamation
had freed very few slaves.
• Lincoln worried that the Supreme Court
might someday declare the Emancipation
Proclamation unconstitutional.
• He was also troubled that it did not free all
slaves in every state.
The Thirteenth Amendment
Read aloud
with me!
In January 1865, Lincoln urged Congress to try
again to end slavery and this time, the measure—
known as the Thirteenth Amendment—passed.
The Thirteenth Amendment
By year’s end, 27 states, including eight in
the South, had ratified the amendment.
From that point on, slavery was banned in
the United States.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
23. If Lincoln had already issued the
Emancipation Proclamation, why was
the Thirteenth Amendment necessary?
A. The Emancipation Proclamation applied
only to slaves in the former Confederacy.
B. The Thirteenth Amendment could free
slaves in every state and territory.
C. The Emancipation Proclamation could be
ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme
Court.
D. All the above
E. A and B only
Lincoln’s Assassination
President Lincoln
did not live to see
the end of
slavery.
Lincoln’s Assassination
Five days after
Lee’s surrender,
President and
Mrs. Lincoln
went to see a
play at Ford’s
Theatre in
Washington,
D.C.
Read aloud
with me!
Lincoln’s Assassination
During the play, John
Wilkes Booth, a famous
actor and Confederate
sympathizer . . .
Lincoln’s Assassination
. . . crept into
Lincoln’s theater box
and shot him in the
back of the head.
Booth then jumped to the
stage, breaking his leg in the
process, but still managed to
escape the theater.
Lincoln’s Assassination
One of Booth’s
fellow conspirators
stabbed Secretary of
State William
Seward, who later
recovered.
Read aloud
with me!
Lincoln’s Assassination
A third man was
supposed to
assassinate VicePresident Johnson,
but he failed to carry
out the attack.
Lincoln’s Assassination
• Lincoln was carried to a house across the street
from the theater.
• The bullet in his brain could not be removed, and
he died early the next morning.
Lincoln’s Assassination
Several days later,
Union troops found
Booth hiding in a
Virginia farmer’s
tobacco shed and killed
him.
Lincoln’s Assassination
Booth’s accomplices were captured and
either hanged or imprisoned.
A tell B
• What happened to John Wilkes Booth?
John Wilkes Booth was killed by
Union soldiers.
• Be sure to re-state the question in your
response!
B tell A
• What happened to Booth’s fellow
conspirators?
Booth’s fellow conspirators were
all hanged.
• Be sure to re-state the question in your
response!
Lincoln’s Assassination
• The loss of Lincoln’s vast experience and
great political skills was a terrible setback
for a people faced by the challenge of
rebuilding their nation.
• Lincoln’s death was an even greater loss
for the South.
• Few Northern leaders were as willing to
forgive the South for secession as Lincoln,
and most wanted vengeance for the war.
• But in both the North and the South, life
would never be the same after the Civil War.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
24. Why was Lincoln’s death a
disaster for both North and South?
A. It gave the Confederacy renewed hope to
fight on for two more years.
B. It led to diplomatic recognition of the
Confederacy by Great Britain.
C. Americans would not have his vast
experience and great political skill while
they tried to rebuild their nation.
D. It made the North more determined than
ever to defeat and punish the South.
Consequences of the War
• People came to see the United States as a
single nation rather than a collection of
states.
• Expansion of the national government
and its powers
• New paper currency, new income tax, new
federal banking system
B tell A
• How did the Civil War affect the national
government?
The Civil War caused the
national government to grow in
size and power.
• Be sure to re-state the question in your
response!
Consequences of the War
Government funding of railroads and
state colleges
Consequences of the War
Homestead Act - gave western land
to settlers
Consequences of the War
Steel, petroleum, food processing,
and manufacturing industries
expanded dramatically.
A tell B
• How the Civil War affect industry?
The Civil War caused many
industries to expand dramatically.
• Be sure to re-state the question in your
response!
Consequences of the War
Read aloud
with me!
• The war brought economic disaster to the South.
• Farms and plantations were destroyed, along with
40 percent of its livestock and 50 percent of its
farm machinery.
Consequences of the War
Factories were demolished and thousands
of miles of railroad tracks were torn up.
Consequences of the War
Slavery — the Southern labor system
— was gone.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
25. How did the Civil War change
the federal government?
A. The federal government grew smaller
and less powerful during the war.
B. The federal government lost power to
the state governments during the war.
C. The federal government grew larger
and more powerful during the war.
D. The federal government became more
sensitive to the citizens during the
war.
26. What was the state of the
Southern economy after the war?
A. A great deal of private property,
especially crops and livestock, was
destroyed.
B. The traditional labor system, slavery,
was gone.
C. Factories and railroads were
destroyed.
D. Agriculture would no longer be
important to the Southern economy.
Choose the one that is NOT true!
27. What challenges did the
nation face after the war?
A. How to bring the South back into the
Union politically
B. How to restore the many farms and
plantations in the South
C. How to strengthen the North's
industrial economy
D. How to make free citizens from the
millions of former slaves
Choose the one that is NOT true!