Transcript UNIT 6 PT 1
Monday Same as Friday EQ: How did the social, political and economic climate of antebellum America lead to civil war? (besides slavery because-----DUH!!) Today we will: Quiz Video Reading Video Notes video Lincoln Intro https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_tc DKDA5sk “House Divided” Speech at Springfield, Illinois, 16 June 1858 The excerpts which follow are from a speech given by Abraham Lincoln at Springfield, Illinois after selection as the Illinois State Republican Party’s candidate for United States Senate. A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved—I do not expect the house to fall—but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other. Either the opponents of slavery, will arrest the further spread of it, and place it where the public mind shall rest in the belief that it is in course of ultimate extinction; or its advocates will push it forward, till it shall become alike lawful in all the States, old as well as new—North as well as South. Red=Reps Blue=Dems Kansas-Nebraska Act https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oW ww0YIf-JE UNIT 6 The Civil War 1860 – 1865 The Union has split into 2 regions over the issues of states’ rights & power in the national government This war will bring an end to slavery, but will increase animosity between the North & South Introduction Causes of the War Debate over the extension of slavery in the territories & failure to successfully compromise Missouri Comp., Comp. of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act, Bleeding Kansas & the Dredd Scott case Sectional tensions & differences Tariffs & nullification theory Industrial v agricultural Slave v free Fugitive Slave Law v Personal Liberty Laws Turners Rebellion John Brown States’ rights (aka a state’s rights to allow slavery) was the ultimate cause of the Civil War Pre-Civil War Popular Sovereignty – stated the people living in a territory can vote on the issue of slavery when they become a state. Major Events Pre Civil War Compromise of 1850 Henry Clay’s idea Five parts of the compromise deal with the extension of slavery into new territories TWO MAIN PARTS 1. California enters as a Free State 2. Congress passes a tough fugitive slave law (had to return slaves or be fined or thrown in jail) Uncle Tom’s Cabin Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852) Stirred strong reactions from North and South alike, the novel became an instant bestseller. It delivered the message that slavery was not a political contest, bust also a great moral struggle. Northern abolitionists protested against the Fugitive Slave Act Southerners criticized the book as attack on the South as a whole. Events of Pre Civil War Kansas-Nebraska act Divided Nebraska territory into 2 territories (Kansas – Nebraska) Allowed for popular sovereignty new area Led to an increase of violence called “Bleeding Kansas” -Sack of Lawrence-pro slavery group attacked and destroyed abolitionist groups in Lawrence Kansas. - Patawommie Creek Massacre – John Brown’s retaliation killing 5 pro-slavery people. Congress Heats Up The violence in Kansas causes spirited debates in Congress May 22, 1856 Charles Sumner of Mass. Is assaulted in the Senate by Preston Brooks of S.C. Left unconscious after beating with walking stick After Sumner’s speech “The Crime against Kansas” Tuesday How do the events of the 1850’s contribute to sectional tensions and lead to civil war? Today we will: Complete review sheet Complete webquest Watch part of the documentary we started yesterday Notes (if time) Thursday EQ: How do the differences between the North and South contribute to the advantages and disadvantages they brought to the Civil War? Today we will: Finish Civil War Doc 35 mins left, advantages/disadvantages activity, quizizz http://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/570cf927f4516 1d9127ec615 FRIDAY BEFORE PROM!!!! We’ve talked about short and long term causes…..now: EQ: What were the immediate causes of the opening skirmishes of what would become the Civil War? Today we will: Finish the back of notebook item #8, quiz, notes, video clips, Fort Sumner Reading, more notes if time Republican Party--Still gettin’ goin’ The Kansas Nebraska act and the violence that followed spurred antislavery Democrats, “freesoilers” Whigs to form new Political Party The Republican Party was created primarily to oppose slavery John C. Fremont (R-Cali) lost the 1856 election to Democrat James Buchanan Major Events Pre Civil War Dred Scott vs. Sanford Dred Scott was a slave that was taken to a free state by his owner and he sued for his freedom. Decision – slaves are a form of property Pro-slavery decision Slavery allowed anywhere in the US Missouri Compromise Unconstitutional VS Events of Pre Civil War John Brown Raid (Attack at Harpers Ferry) Brown wanted to start a slave revolt at Harper’s Ferry. Tried to break into a US arsenal, steal guns, and give them to slaves. -Failed to break in and was arrested and hung for treason Become a hero for the abolitionist movement. James Buchanan 1857-1861 Pro-slavery Democrat Former Secretary of State under Polk Usually ranked as worst president Utah War https://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=2bVDxnj O2YI Support for Kansas pro-slavery government Pushed for their admittance to the Union as a slave state Rejected by Congress Immediate Cause of the Civil War The election of 1860 Lincoln (R) elected with the majority electoral vote, but a minority of the popular vote (40%) Does the electoral system really work? Lincoln didn’t appear on the ballot in many southern states How could he take office without 1 southern state?? His election seemed to prove the loss of the southern voice in politics Monday EQ: How did the confederacy and the Union fair in the Major Battles of the Civil War? Today we will: Notes, clips, reading about Ft Sumner, start smores project “A house divided cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure half slave & half free.” - President Abraham Lincoln Lincoln’s war aim was to preserve the Union “Whatever may be the result of the contest, I foresee that the country will have to pass through a terrible ordeal…for our national sins.” - Robert E. Lee Confederate General South Carolina Secedes December 20th, 1860 State declares its secession Precedent of Nullification Star of the West, 1/1861 Union soldiers took refuge in Fort Sumter as more Southern states secede Blockaded by Confederate forces No food, supplies etc. Pres. Buchanan sent Star of the West to Charleston carrying supplies for soldiers at Ft. Sumter Fired upon by the Citadel shore guns 1st shots of Civil War Buchanan did nothing to stop Confederate forces from taking Navy yards, federal property & federal forts Fort Sumter 4/12/1861 Lincoln would not abandon nor reinforce Ft. Sumter, but sent food Davis’ decision No Response – jeopardize cause Acted – “peaceful” secession would turn into war Charleston Harbor, SC 1st “skirmish” of the Civil War Commanding Officers: Confederate – PGT Beauregard Union – Major Anderson Confederate Victory Bombarded fort with 4,000+ rounds Results Lincoln wants 75,000 volunteers 20x quota volunteered in Iowa Virginia secedes 4/17/1861 Unwilling to fight against other Southern states (Union’s worst loss) RE Lee will resign from the US military to lead Confederate forces. President Lincoln will struggle finding a competent general to common the Union army West Virginia splits from Virginia & is admitted to Union as free state Arkansas, North Carolina, & Tennessee leave w/i weeks Both Union & Confederate armies increase Patriotic enlistments N – Save the Union S – Southern independence Fort Sumter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cv-pTU99RcY Summarize the importance of what happened at Fort Sumter? Habeas Corpus Constitutional right suspended by Lincoln No longer guaranteed the right to appear before a judge On the Eve of War Railroad Lines, 1860 1. Describe advantages & weaknesses of the Union rail system. Resources Confederate Point of View The War for Southern Independence States’ Rights/10th Amendment War of Northern Aggression: Tariff of Abominations Limitations on southern economic gain Economy based on slave labor The South was being forced into slave labor for the North Alliance states between the Federal Gov’t. & northern Personal Liberty Laws unchallenged Confederate Advantages Defense Better military leaders Ride & shoot Fighting to protect South from Northern aggression Gain independence Trade w. Britain? cotton Ft Sumter reading #9