Transcript How did the War with Mexico lead to conflict between the North and

ECONOMY
SLAVERY
STATES’ RIGHTS
 Industry
 Agriculture
 Commerce
 Plantations
 Cities
 A few wealthy planters
 Growing middle class
controlled Southern
society
 Dependant on foreign
markets
 Railroads and canals
created relationship
between the east coast
and the Midwest
 Abolitionists believed
 Southern slave owners
slavery was unjust
 Northern states were not
dependent on slave labor.
There was an abundance
of cheap labor in the
crowded cities.
defended slavery by saying that
they were “Christianizing”
slaves while providing for them.
 Southern plantation system was
heavily dependent on slave
labor
Northerners worried that the new
territories acquired from the
Mexican American War would
become slave states. The Wilmot
Proviso was proposed to prohibit
slavery in any of these new
territories. The south argued that
it was unconstitutional to tell
citizens what they could and
could not do with their “property.”
The Wilmot Proviso passed the House but not Senate. Though
it never became a law, it was the beginning of hostilities
between the Northern and Southern states on the issue of
slavery. The Free – Soil Party was established by Northerners
trying to prevent slavery from spreading into the newly acquired
territories.
1. The proposed bill to prohibit slavery
in the new territories acquired in the
Mexican Cession was called the:
A. Fugitive Slave Act
B. Lincoln Douglas Debate
C. Wilmot Proviso
D. Compromise of 1850
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The controversy
continued. As the newly
acquired territories grew,
they became eligible to
apply for statehood. This
threatened to disrupt the
balance between slave
and free states that had
been established with the
Missouri Compromise of
1820.
The gold rush so
populated California
that by 1850, it was
eligible to become a
state. Congress was
divided.
Representatives of the
slave states didn’t want
to admit California as a
free state.
 To appease the Northern
states, California would be
admitted as a FREE state and
slavery would be abolished in
Washington D.C.
 To appease the Southern
states, slavery would not be
prohibited in new territories,
AND a stricter law would be
passed to help southern slave
holders recapture slaves that
had escaped to the north –
The Fugitive Slave Act.
2. To appease the
Northern States, the
Compromise of 1850
called for a stricter
law to force captured
slaves to be returned
to the South.
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• What were two ways that the North and the
South differed by the mid-1800s?
• In what ways was racism common in both the
North and the South?
• How did the War with Mexico lead to conflict
between the North and the South?
 This new act would
require Northerners to
help southern slave
owners capture runaway
slaves that had made it to
“freedom.”
 The south felt the act was
justified as slaves were
“property.” Many
Northerners resented
being required by law to
assist in a system they
felt was morally wrong.
In 1852 Harriet Beecher
Stowe published Uncle
Tom’s Cabin. The story
focused on the life of a
slave named Tom and his
family. The book
became very popular in
the north and greatly
influenced the growth of
the abolitionist
movement.
3. The author of Uncle
Tom’s Cabin was:
a. Abraham Lincoln
b. Stephen Douglas
c. Walt Whitman
d. Harriet Beecher Stowe
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 Senator Stephen A.
Douglas proposed that
the Nebraska Territory be
divided into two
territories – Nebraska
and Kansas. He said that
each territory should
decide by popular
sovereignty (vote by the
people) whether to be
slave or free.
The Kansas – Nebraska
Act passed. It nullified
the Missouri
Compromise of 1820.
The Missouri
Compromise had stated
that NO new territories
would become slave
states. The Kansas –
Nebraska Act, however,
allowed each state that
formed from the new
territories to decide for
itself. Northerners were
outraged – Southerners
elated.
Many people who were not citizens of Kansas
rushed across the border to vote for slavery in the
new state. Violence broke out. Proslavery
attackers ransacked houses and government
offices. John Brown – a radical abolitionist –
retaliated by murdering five proslavery
neighbors.
4. According to the Kansas – Nebraska Act,
each new state should have the power to
decide if it would be slave or free
through:
a. Popular sovereignty
b. Congressional vote
c. Governor’s rule
d. Ennie Meanie Minie Moe
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The violence spread to the
Senate. One senator
attacked another and
beat him over the head
with a cane thirty times.
 The Republican Party
formed from
Northern Whigs and
others who were
against slavery.
1856 Election – Democrats Pro-slavery – Republicans Anti-slavery
The Republicans ran
John C. Fremont and
the Democrats
nominated James
Buchanan.
Buchanan won the
5. According
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Question to this map,
election
Southern states wanted Fremont
for president. True or False
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Dred Scott, a slave, was brought
to free territory by his owner.
After his owner’s death, Scott
sued for his freedom.
The case went to the Supreme
Court.
Chief Justice Roger B. Taney
ruled against Scott on the
basis that Scott was not an
American citizen.
In addition, Taney ruled that
legislation such as the
Missouri Compromise was
unconstitutional because it
violated slaveholders property
rights.
Two men fighting for
Illinois Senate seats
debated the issues of
slavery, popular
sovereignty, and state
state v. federal rights.
“A house divided against itself cannot stand”
Abraham Lincoln
In 1859 the radical
abolitionist John Brown and
13 followers attacked the
U.S. arsenal at Harper’s
Ferry. He wanted to capture
weapons to use in a
revolution among slaves.
Brown was caught, tried,
and hanged.
 The nation was
divided over the issue
of slavery.
 The Republican Party
ran one candidate –
Abraham Lincoln.
 The Democratic Party
ran two candidates.
What are the Democrats saying about the Republicans in this cartoon?
6. What are the
Republicans saying
about the Democrats
in this political
cartoon?
a. Democrats are
babies?
b. The Democratic
platform is
threatening the new
nation?
c. Democrats are snakes
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7. According to this
map, the
Southernmost
states were in favor
of which candidate:
a. Lincoln
b. Breckinridge
c. Bell
d. Douglas
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Did splitting the Democratic ticket affect the outcome of the
election of 1860?
The South Secedes
After Lincoln’s
election, On December
20, 1860, South
Carolina followed
through on the threat of
secession and formally
announced that she was
no longer a part of the
United States.
During the next six
weeks, Mississippi,
Florida, Alabama,
Georgia, and Louisiana
followed South
Carolina.
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8. True of False – There were no slave states
that remained loyal to the Union.
What is the opinion of this artist on secession?
In early February 1861,
the states that had
seceded (left the
union), met in
Montgomery, Alabama
and formed the
Confederate States of
America.
They elected Jefferson
Davis as their
president and wrote
the Confederate
Constitution.
Who was elected the president of the
Confederate States of America?
a. Abraham Lincoln
b. Stephen F. Douglas
c. Jefferson Davis
d. Robert E. Lee
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Lincoln did not
recognize the
Confederacy, and stated
that secession was
unconstitutional, but he
wanted to avoid war with
the south. On March 4,
1861 Abraham Lincoln
took his oath of office. In
his inaugural speech he
addressed the rising
tension between North
and South
We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be
enemies. Though passion may have strained, it
must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic
chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave, every living heart and
hearthstone, all over this broad land, will yet swell
the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as
surely they will be, by the better angels of our
nature.
Abraham Lincoln.
10. In his inaugural speech, President
Lincoln’s words indicated that he:
a. Wanted war with the South
b. Recognized the right of the
Confederacy to secede
c. Wanted the nation to stay united
d. Wasn’t worried about Civil War
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