Transcript The Civil War Begins.

The Civil War
BEGINS…
Abraham Lincoln’s Election &
Fort Sumter
Chapter 5, Lesson 4
John Brown’s Raid
• Raid made many people in the south
worry that slave rebellion would happen.
• SOUTH THOUGHT secession was the
only way to protect their rights
• Many still disliked the Kansas-Neb Act &
Dred Scott decision
• Republicans wanted to keep slavery out of
the territories – to help them they had a
famous republican leader on their side…
Abraham Lincoln
• Republican candidate
• Against the SPREAD of slavery
• Promised not to stop slavery in the South
where it was already practiced.
• Said he hoped it would one day END
there, too.
Abraham Lincoln’s Early Years
• Grew up on a farm helping his dad
• Became a lawyer
• Served on the Illinois state
legislature for 8 years
• Served 1 year in the
US Congress
Lincoln’s campaign
• Lincoln campaigned for the Senate and to
be the next President
• He argued that the country could no
survice if it was divided
• All states needed to be either slave states
or free states – not both
LINCOLN raN aGaINSt…
Stephen A. Douglas
• West should decide for themselves about
slavery.
Lincoln lost… Douglas WON!
The Election of 1860
DEMOCRATIC PARTY SP-LIT!
• Democratic Party candidate: Douglas
• Democratic Party south: Breckinridge
• Republican Party: LINCOLN
John Breckinridge
• Democratic candidate popular with
southerners
• Government should allow slavery
everywhere in the West.
Worried White Southerners
• Many in the South were afraid if Lincoln
were elected, slavery would be outlawed.
• Some even said they would LEAVE the
Union if Lincoln was elected.
Lincoln Elected President
• November 6, 1860
• December 20, 1860 South Carolina’s leaders
seceded from the Union.
• Later SIX other southern states seceded:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Mississippi
Florida
Alabama
Georgia
Louisiana
Texas
The Confederate States of America
formed the Confederacy on Feb 4, 1861
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
South Carolina
Mississippi
Florida
Louisiana
Alabama
Georgia
Texas
Fort Sumter
• Some advised Lincoln to “Let the states
go”
• Others said, “Give in on the slavery
question.”
• Still others said, “Use the ARMY to end
their revolt!”
Lincoln’s Choices
• He wanted to prevent war.
• “We are not enemies, but friends.”
THE VERY NEXT DAY
An important message came from
Major Robert Anderson
commander at Fort Sumter:
Urgent!
• Message from Commander Anderson
Supplies at the Fort
are almost gone. If
new supplies are not
sent soon, we will be
forced to surrender
the fort to the
Confederacy.
What to Do???
• If I send supplies…Southerners might
attack.
• If I send troops….Southerners WILL
attack.
• If I do nothing…the commander will have
to surrender.
Decision
• Lincoln decided to send supply ships
• And see what the Southerners would do
Confederate President Davis
• Davis decided to take over the fort
BEFORE the supply ships arrived.
• Demanded them to surrender.
• NEVER!
• The Confederate troops FIRED on the fort,
• Major Anderson and his men ran out of
ammunition and
had to give up.
The Civil War has Begun!
• Lincoln called for Americans to join the
army to stop the rebellion.
• Frightened southern states not in the
Confederacy now joined with the other 7
states.
• Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North
Carolina
• 11 States Strong