Transcript 24-Reconstruction

Daily Focus
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If you were a parent and one of your children
ran away, what would you do once the child
had been returned? Would you punish the
child? Would you accept an apology with the
promise that they’d never run away again?
What ground rules would you lay down with the
child?
Respond to this in 3-4 sentences on the back
of page 24 of your SSS.
RECONSTRUCTION
(1865-1877)
Period during which the US began to
rebuild after the Civil War; process
used by federal gov’t to readmit the
Confederate States to the Union
PROBLEMS
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Had to rebuild everything: politics,
society, and the economy in the South
Deal with issues that caused the Civil
War
Lincoln, Johnson, and Congress had
different ideas on how reconstruction
should be handled
Lincoln’s Plan
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Preserve the Union—lenient policy
Higher Cause
Forgiving peace
“with malice toward none, with charity for all”
Amnesty (forgiveness) to most
10% must take oath—swear allegiance
Little mention of former slaves
RADICAL PLAN
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Radical Republicans led by Thaddeus
Stevens and Charles Sumner want to
destroy power of former slave owners
Wade-Davis Bill of 1864—(harsher plan,
martial law, majority takes oath, bars
leaders) proposed Congress do
reconstruction, Lincoln vetoed the bill
Lincoln Assassinated
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April 15, 1865 by John Wilkes Booth
Vice President Andrew Johnson becomes
President
Tried to follow Lincoln’s plan with stricter
additions (wanted to deal with leaders of CSA
more harshly)
Congress refuses plan
South tries to reorganize under Lincoln’s plan
Plans for Reconstruction
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Radical Republicans
Punish rebels by taking land
Replace existing political leaders
Demand that states meet strict
requirements to be readmitted
Provide assistance to AfricanAmericans
Use military to maintain control and
enforce new laws
Civil Rights Act of 1866: grants full
citizenship to all people born in the
United States
Reconstruction Act of 1867:
military rule of the South, protect
former slaves, bans former leaders
Chance to create a more “perfect”
union
Passes the 13th and 14
amendments
Congress should pass laws giving
some land to freedmen and build
schools for them
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President Johnson
Accept verbal pledges of loyalty
Require existing leaders to seek
pardons from Congress
Expedite the readmission process
by emphasizing rejection of
secession and slavery
Allow states to decide on what
type of assistance to give African
Americans
Give leniency towards the south to
heal the nation’s wounds
Vetoes the Civil Rights Act of 1866
For states to be readmitted—call a
convention and write a new
constitution, repeal secession,
cancel all Confederate debts, and
ratify the 13th amendment
African-Americans should not be
guaranteed the right to vote
Southern Politics
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Black codes—informal code of conduct
that governed blacks allowing whites to
maintain control and denied blacks rights
Many of the same leaders elected
The North saw little change in the
South—leading more to favor Congress’
plan
Power Struggle
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Congress refuses to
admit new Southern
delegates
Johnson’s plan comes to
a standstill after he
vetoes 2 bills
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Passes Civil Rights Act of
1866 over presidential veto
(1st ever)—race riots in the
South contributed to
support for this!
14th amendment—all
persons entitled to equal
protection of the law
Riots led to Radicals
gaining control of Congress
in 1866
Country wants to see
change!
RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION
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Reconstruction Act: did not recognize
Southern states under Lincoln or
Johnson’s plan, divided South into 5
military districts, new state constitutions
would be drafted, had to ratify the 14th
amendment, and banned former leaders
When all requirements are met, then
states could apply for readmission!
New Government
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Scalawags: white Southerners who
joined the Republican party
Carpetbaggers: Northerners who moved
South
African-Americans can vote, black
leaders are elected at local and state
levels (Hiram Revels—1st African
American Senator)
Johnson Impeached
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Johnson fights with Radicals and they in turn
seek a reason to impeach him
Tenure of Office Act is passed: can not
remove cabinet appointments during the
term of the president by who they may have
been appointed
Johnson tests legality—fires Secretary of
War (appointed by Lincoln)
Johnson is impeached, but acquitted (found
not guilty)
GRANT ELECTED
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Johnson serves out term with no real
effect on policy
General Grant (war hero) nominated and
easily wins
15th amendment—no man can be kept
from voting based on race, color, or
previous condition of servitude
What group wanted to punish the South for the Civil
War?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Radical Republicans
Democrats
Know-Nothings
Whigs
What idea stated the slavery can’t exist if there are no
laws to support it?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Popular soveriengty
Freeport Doctrine
Manifest Destiny
Monroe Doctrine
Which of the following is NOT part of Congress’ plan for
reconstruction
a.
b.
c.
d.
Majority must take oath
Martial law in the South
Banned former Confederate leaders
Blacks could not vote
Why was President Johnson impeached?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Violation of the Tenure of Office Act
Using Lincoln’s Plan
Vetoing too many bills
Being too harsh on the North
Which statement best describes African-American
involvement in politics during Reconstruction?
a.
b.
c.
d.
They held offices in local, state, and federal gov’t
They held some offices at the local level
They held no elected offices
They held a majority in most state legislatures
How did President Johnson anger the Radical
Republicans?
a.
b.
c.
d.
He vetoed bills and didn’t follow their plan for
reconstruction
He favored the North
He only would follow Lincoln’s plan
None of the above
Reconstruction Plan Flip-Chart
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This will be worth 2 Homework Grades, so do
your best!
Be creative and colorful!
Include at least 4 pictures
Front: main title at bottom, 1st: Lincoln’s Plan, 2nd:
Johnson’s Plan, 3rd: Radical Republicans
Inside:
Top Half—outlining what the plan was and what were
the goals of the plan (at least 4 bullets each)
 Bottom Half—outline what happened to the plan, to
the person, and what programs/acts/amendments
were created
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