Transcript People and Economy of the Civil War

DO NOW: Recreate this diagram
and complete (p. 478-483)
Made
ammunition
Became
spies
Raised
money
Did men’s
jobs while
they were
away
Made
blankets
Distributed
food, clothing,
medicine
Rolled
bandages
Uniforms
A Soldiers Life
Entertainment for Enlisted Men
People and Economy of
the Civil War
Notes for 16-4
Life of a Soldiers
Union
Confederacy
 Much of their time was
 Similar to Union
spent in camp
 Pleasant moments of
song, stories, letters,
baseball games
 Most of the time life was
dull with routine
 Sometimes either side
would trade with the
other during lulls in
battle
13” Mortar gun “Dictator”
Reality of War
Union
 1 out of every 11 deserted
 High numbers of casualties
caused by new weaponry
 Agers “coffee mill” gun –
not a machine gun,
powered by a hand crank
 Land mines
 Balloons (used for
observation)
Confederacy
 1 out of every 8
deserted
 Soldiers suffered from
lack of supplies and
food
 Springfield muzzleloader
used on both sides – best
could fire every 10-12
seconds
 Caused more casualties in
each battle
New Warfare
Trench warfare
 Toward the end of the war both sides began
to dig trenches in the ground to hold their
position
 Some Generals still continued to launch
charge after charge into enemy causing high
number of casualties
New Roles for Women
Union
 Took on new roles
 Worked in factories
 Became teachers,
salesclerks, and
government workers
Confederacy
 Managed farms
 Both sides suffered loss
of husbands, fathers,
brothers
 Many driven from their
homes as houses were
commandeered or
destroyed by the Union
Life at Home
Union
 Saw war from a
distance
 Everyday life went on
with little disruption
Confederacy
 Dramatic change in
everyday life
 Blockades limited
supplies and caused
shortages
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

Food
Clothing
Medicine
 Homes and crops
destroyed by Union
armies
The Northern Homefront
The Southern Homefront
Spies
Union
Confederacy
 Harriet Tubman spied
 Rose O’Neal Greenhow
for the north
 Allen Pinkerton later
formed the famous
Pinkerton detective
agency
entertained soldiers in
the Union and picked
up info
 Belle Boyd informed
Confederate generals of
Union army movement
Spies
Nurses - Thousands of women served as nurses on both
sides
Union
Confederacy
 Sally Tompkins
 Dorothea Dix organized
women to work with
wounded
 Clara Barton – later
founded Red Cross
established hospital in
the South
 Kate Cummings left
home at age 27 to work
in the field hospitals
Enlistments – at first people rushed to join on both
sides
Union
 Encouraged enlistment by




offering bounties (payment to
encourage volunteers)
Began draft in 1863
Names were pulled from a
lottery
Person could avoid the draft
by hiring a substitute or
paying $300
Led to riots (New York City
1863)
Confederacy
 Began draft in 1862
 Exempted one white man on
every plantation with 20 or
more slaves
 People complained of a “rich
man’s war but a poor man’s
fight”
The New York Riots
Economics – both sides borrowed money, raised
taxes, and printed paper money
Union
 Borrowed $2 billion by
selling war bonds
 Passed income tax in 1861
 Printed “greenbacks”
 Northern economy boomed –
farmers grew more crops,
factories produced more
goods
Confederacy
 Borrowed $700 million by
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


selling war bonds
Also imposed income tax
Lacked industry to produce
arms and ammunition
Fighting took place in the
South so farms were
overrun, rail lines tore up
Printed a lot more money
than in the North
Review – make a Venn diagram to
show how the North and South were
affected by the war
NORTH
SOUTH