Transcript Uncle Tom`s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe

THE UNION IN PERIL:
CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 10
Section 2
Protest, Resistance, and Violence
Why were the Fugitive Slave Act and the KansasNebraska Act factors that led to war?
How was the debate over slavery leading to violence?
1. Of all of the components of the Compromise of
1850, Northerners most vigorously objected to
_______________.
2. The Compromise of 1850 allowed ________ to
enter the Union as a free state.
3. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was written by
____________.
4. The Missouri Compromise and the Compromise
of 1850 were repealed in 1854 by the passage of
the ________ ________ Act.
5. The struggle for popular sovereignty in the new
western territories in 1856 was known as
“__________ __________.”
1. Northerners most vigorously objected to the
Fugitive Slave Act and passed personal ______
laws to forbid the imprisonment of runaway
slaves.
2. The Compromise of 1850 allowed ________ to
enter the Union as a free state.
3. Harriet Beecher Stowe is famous for writing
____________.
4. The Kansas-Nebraska Act proposed to determine
whether the territories would be free or slave by
using ________ __________.
5. Who is famous for murdering 5 pro-slavery
settlers in Bleeding Kansas?
1. Northerners most vigorously objected to the
Fugitive Slave Act and passed personal ______
laws to forbid the imprisonment of runaway
slaves.
2. The Compromise of 1850 allowed ________ to
enter the Union as a free state.
3. Harriet Beecher Stowe is famous for writing
____________.
4. The Kansas-Nebraska Act proposed to determine
whether the territories would be free or slave by
using ________ __________.
5. Who is famous for murdering 5 pro-slavery
settlers in Bleeding Kansas?
Impact of the
Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
1. Energized Northern Abolitionists
2. Persuaded moderate Northerners to become more
supportive of abolition (read bottom p. 288)
3. North responds by passing personal liberty laws
= laws forbidding imprisonment of runaway slaves
4. Alienated the South, who felt that North was not
keeping its part of the bargain in the Compromise
of 1850
5. Increased sectionalism in the country & eroded
support for federal govt. in both N and S.
Underground Railroad
• Abolitionists form a network of people who
helped escaped slaves to journey to Canada
or northern states for freedom.
• The people who worked on this network,
called the Underground Railroad, were
called “conductors.”
• The most famous conductor was Harriet
Tubman, who led over 300 slaves to
freedom in 19 trips, despite a $40,000
bounty on her head.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
• Published in 1852
• Author: Harriet Beecher Stowe, daughter of
Rev. Beecher, abolitionist
• Reaction to Fugitive Slave Act
• Immensely popular in North, shapes
attitudes toward slavery
• Influential in France and England
• Immense political impact in US and abroad
Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe
Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel Uncle Tom's Cabin was historic for a number of reasons. Not only did it help
to fire up northern antislavery sentiments, but it also was the first American novel that featured African
American characters in prominent roles. It was issued in various editions with many different covers, but
most of them featured the lead character, Uncle Tom--another first in American publishing. This particular
cover, from an early "Young Folks' Edition" of the book, depicts the stooped old man with his young,
sympathetic white mistress. (Collection of Picture Research Consultants and Archives)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Theatre poster: Uncle Tom's Cabin
Theatre poster: Uncle Tom's Cabin
With its vivid word pictures of slavery, Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin translated
well to the stage. Stowe herself was among the many who wrote dramatizations of the novel.
Scenes of Eliza crossing the ice of the Ohio River with bloodhounds in pursuit and the evil
Simon Legree whipping Uncle Tom outraged northern audiences and turned many against
slavery. Southerners damned Mrs. Stowe as a "vile wretch in petticoats." ( Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, D.C.)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Kansas-Nebraska Act -1854
• Stephen Douglas pushes for popular sovereignty to
determine the status of the Kansas Territory and splitting
into two: Kansas and Nebraska.
• Kansas-Nebraska Act passed in 1854. It nullifies (ends)
the Missouri Compromise b/c land is north of 36º30’ line.
• Implied that Kansas to be Slave and Nebraska Free
• Free-soilers try to settle Kansas, touches off sectional
conflict
• Only 2 slaves in Kansas, only 15 in Nebraska,
• A debate about “an imaginary negro in an imaginary place”
Map: The Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
• Why were the Fugitive Slave
Act and the Kansas-Nebraska
Act factors that led to conflict?
Bleeding Kansas
• 1855: 1st Election in Kansas Territory
• Missourians (Slaveholders) cross border illegally & win
election, then pass Lecompton Constitution (proslavery)
• Free-soilers elect their own state govt. & own
constitution.
• 1856 Free-soiler settlement at Lawrence, KS attacked
by pro-slavery militia of over 800 men. Town is sacked.
• John Brown retaliates at Pottawatomie Creek, murders
5, leads to deaths of over 200.
• Civil strife continues in Kansas until end of Civil War
SUMMARY: The artist lays on the Democrats the major blame for violence perpetrated against antislavery settlers in
Kansas in the wake of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Here a bearded "freesoiler" has been bound to the "Democratic Platform"
and is restrained by two Lilliputian figures, presidential nominee James Buchanan and Democratic senator Lewis Cass.
Democratic senator Stephen A. Douglas and president Franklin Pierce, also shown as tiny figures, force a black man into
the giant's gaping mouth. The freesoiler's head rests on a platform marked "Kansas," "Cuba," and "Central America,"
probably referring to Democratic ambitions for the extension of slavery. In the background left is a scene of burning and
pillage; on the right a dead man hangs from a tree. CREATED/PUBLISHED: 1856. NOTES: [Drawn by John L. Magee]
Armed antislavery men with John Doy
Armed antislavery men with John Doy
Though no one would deny that their cause was noble, many of the men who flocked to Kansas to
resist the expansion of slavery were no less violent than their proslavery adversaries. This
photograph, taken in 1859, shows a gang of armed antislavery men who had just broken an
accomplice (John Doy, seated) out of jail in neighboring St. Joseph, Missouri. Like proslavery
"Border Ruffians," many of these men also served in guerrilla bands during the Civil War and some
went on to careers as famous outlaws after the war was over. (Kansas State Historical Society)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Violence in the Senate
• Charles Sumner, abolitionist senator, delivers speech
entitled “The Crime Against Kansas,” attacking
slavery and Southern Senators.
• Sumner is attacked by Preston Brooks on Senate
Floor and beaten with a cane.
• Sumner suffers severe head injuries and is unable to
serve in Senate for 3 years.
• N & S split in reaction to event. “First blows” of
Civil War.
Charles Sumner beaten by Preston Brooks
Map: The Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
MAJOR EVENTS IN THE GROWING CONFLICT
BETWEEN THE NORTH AND SOUTH
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MAJOR EVENTS IN THE GROWING CONFLICT
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