Transcript Road to Civil War

Road to Civil War
Chapter 10
Differences b/w North and South

North: Industrial,
factories, cities,
immigrants.
Opposed to Slavery

South: Mostly rural,
agricultural, small
farms. Less than
10% of
manufacturing.
Slaves were majority
in Mississippi,
Louisiana and SC
Video
Wilmot Proviso

No slavery would be
allowed in the states
acquired by the war
with Mexico
 Divided Congress
North and South
 Never passed
Congress
Senate Debates

1849: Issues over California Statehood,
Texas Border, Abolishing slavery in
District of Columbia and Fugitive Slave
Laws
Caning of Charles Sumner
by SC Senator Preston Brooks
Secession

Process of Formally
Withdrawing from
the Union. Leaving
the Country
Compromise of 1850

To make North and South happy.
California admitted as FREE STATE
 Tougher Fugitive Slave Law
 Popular Sovereignty: resident of territory will
vote for or against slavery

Calhoun and Webster Respond

Greatest political
debate in US History


Calhoun: states
rights and slavery in
territories (SOUTH)
Webster appealed
for national unity
(NORTH)
Stephen A. Douglas

Passed the
Compromise of 1850
by introducing each
issue, one at a time!
Millard Fillmore

President after death
of Taylor
 Supported the
Compromise
 “Final Settlement in
issue of slavery”
Fugitive Slave Act

Compromise of 1850
 No Trial By Jury
 Statement from
slave owner was all
that was required to
have a slave
returned
Personal Liberty Laws

Response to Fugitive
slave act
 Forbade
imprisonment of
runaway slaves and
guaranteed jury trials
 Northern resistance
Harriet Tubman and the
Underground Railroad

Network who aided
fugitive slaves
 Conductors: Harriet
Tubman: made 19
trips South to help
runaways
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe

1852: Abolitionist:
wrote Uncle Tom’s
Cabin: Instant best
seller
 Melodramatic: full of
stereotypes
 Increased
Abolitionist efforts
Abolitionists
Kansas-Nebraska Act

Divide the two territories
Nebraska in the North
 Kansas in the South
 Repealed the Missouri Compromise
 Settlers poured in to vote on the issue of
slavery
 Violence erupted

Kansas Nebraska Act Video
Bleeding Kansas

Abolitionist: John
Brown: believed God
had called him to
fight slavery
 Killed five men in
their beds at
Pottawatomie Creek.
Triggered fighting in
Kansas: 200 people
killed
Whig Party Splits

Northern Whigs
against Fugitive
Slave Act
 Southern Whigs pro
Fugitive Slave Act
 1852 Election goes
to Dem. Franklin
Pierce
Nativism
Favored Native Born Americans
 Hated Immigrants & Catholics
 Secret Handshakes and passwords
 Began “Know Nothing” Party
 Split over issue of Slavery in territories

Free Soil Party

Opposed slavery in
territories
 Nominated Martin
Van Buren
 10% of vote
Republican Party
Northern Whigs
 Anti-slavery Democrats
 Free Soilers
 Opposed Kansas Nebraska Acts
 Strength from Diversity
 Founded by Horace Greeley


Editor and Abolitionist
1856 Election
John C. Fremont: Republican
 Know Nothings Split:

Northern: Fremont
 Southern: Fillmore


Democrats
James Buchanan
 Wins the Election!

Dred Scott

Slave claimed he resided in a free state
and should be free
Chief Justice Roger B. Taney

Ruled that slaves
had no rights as
citizens
 Territories could not
exclude slavery
 Repealed Missouri
Compromise
Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Lincoln and Douglas
run for Illinois Senate
seat
 Series of heated
debates on slavery
and popular
sovereignty
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qKcHZKsM0M
Abraham Lincoln
First Republican President
 Opposed both slavery and popular
sovereignty
 “A vast moral evil”

 UNION
must be preserved
John Brown: Harpers Ferry

Hanged for High
Treason
 Seen as Martyr for
abolition
Lincoln elected President

1860
 No votes from South
 South feels
powerless
 SC secedes
(Leaves) the Union
Confederacy
1861: Southern states form the
Confederate States of America (NEW
COUNTRY)
 Similar constitution but allowed for
slavery
 President: Jefferson Davis
