Transcript ahon_ch16_sect01_lecture_notes

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Early Reconstruction
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Objectives
• Describe the postwar challenges that faced the
nation.
• Compare and contrast President Lincoln’s plan
for Reconstruction with the plan proposed by
Congress.
• Identify the goals of the Freedmen’s Bureau.
• Describe the immediate impact of Lincoln’s
assassination.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Terms and People
• Abraham Lincoln – president who wanted to
bind up the wounds of the Civil War as quickly
as possible
• amnesty – a group pardon
• freedman – a man or woman who was legally
freed from slavery after the Civil War
• John Wilkes Booth – a Confederate
sympathizer who shot President Lincoln
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
How did the government try to solve key
problems facing the nation after the Civil
War?
After the Civil War, the nation faced enormous
problems, especially in the South.
The government developed a plan for states to
return to the Union and created an
organization to help people freed from slavery.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
During the Civil War, vast stretches of the
South were devastated.
Americans had to
bring the North
and South
together again.
This process was
known as
Reconstruction.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Americans were forced to consider difficult questions
during Reconstruction.
What plans would
be made for
people who had
been freed from
slavery?
Who would help
the homeless
refugees who
needed food,
shelter, and work?
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
President Abraham Lincoln and Congress
proposed different plans for Reconstruction.
President
Lincoln’s
plan
Ten
Percent
Plan
Congress’s
plan
WadeDavis Bill
When 10% of a state’s
voters swore an oath of
loyalty, they could
organize a new state
government.
When 50% of a state’s
voters swore loyalty, they
could organize a new
state government.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan made it easy for
southern states to rejoin the Union.
If . . .
Then . . .
10% of a state’s voters
swore loyalty to the
United States.
That state could form a
new state government.
That government
declared an end to
slavery.
The state could take part
in national government
again.
Former Confederates
would receive amnesty.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The Wade-Davis Bill was much stricter.
If . . .
Then . . .
50% of a state’s
voters swore loyalty to
the United States.
That state could rejoin
the Union.
People in that state
had voluntarily fought
for the Confederacy.
They would not have
voting rights.
Lincoln refused to sign the bill, so it was
never passed.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Republican leaders had different ideas about how
to keep their party strong in the new South.
Lincoln believed that
a “soft” policy would
help him win support
from influential
southerners.
Others argued that a
strict plan would
keep the South from
regaining power and
weaken their control.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The government also had to deal with the needs of
freedmen.
In 1865, Congress established the Freedmen’s Bureau.
The bureau’s first duty was to provide emergency relief
to people displaced by the war.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The Freedmen’s Bureau set up schools in the South.
Many southern states lacked public education before
the war.
Now, public schools began to educate both blacks
and whites.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The Freedmen’s Bureau defended the freedom of former
slaves in several ways.
It helped
freedmen
find jobs.
It resolved
disputes
between
white
Americans
and
freedmen.
It set up its
own courts to
deal with
some
disputes.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
President Lincoln did not live to put his plans into
practice.
Lincoln was shot by
John Wilkes Booth,
a Confederate
sympathizer, while
attending a play.
Booth was captured and killed, but Americans
remained stunned by Lincoln’s death.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Lincoln’s successor was Vice President Andrew
Johnson, a southern Democrat who had remained
loyal to the Union.
Johnson had shown bitterness toward the
Confederates.
Many Americans expected him to take a strict
approach to Reconstruction.