Transcript Ch. 16 Civil War

The American Civil
War Begins
I will be picking up
bellringer in 5 mins.
The War Between States
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The war lasted from
1861 to 1865
The war started and
ended at Wilmer
McLean’s house
Picture Credit:
http://www.26nc.org/PhotoGallery/CommandChangePhotos/McLeanHouseMusic.jpg
Main Causes
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State’s Rights
Slavery
Cotton Gin by Eli
Whitney in 1793
Preserving the Union
Uncle Tom’s Cabin by
Harriet Beecher
Stowe
Slave vs. Free States
Picture Credit: http://www.disciples.org/convo/Slavery.jpg
Civil War Facts
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1/2 million people
were killed or
wounded in the
Civil War
60 % of the fighting
took place in
Virginia
Picture Credit: volusia.com/civilwar/
North
South
23 States
11 States
Union
Confederate
Yankee
Rebel
Blue Coats
Grey Coats
USA
CSA
Army of the Potomac River Virginia
Federal
Border States (Kentucky, Maryland, &
Missouri) were States that had soldiers
fighting for both sides!
In the battle of Vicksburg, there were 17
Confederate armies and 22 Union
armies from the state of Missouri!
Picture Credit: http://www.historyplace.com/civilwar/cwar-pix/civmap.gif
Presidential election of
1860
In 1860, Stephan Douglas and Abraham
Lincoln ran against each other again,
this time for president.
Lincoln had become well known from
their debates about slavery.
This time, Lincoln won, becoming the
16th president.
Abe Lincoln
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Was the president
for the North
The North’s Capital
was Washington
D.C.
http://www.lincolnstore.com/page5.html
Jefferson Davis
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Was the president
for the South.
The South’s
Capital was
Richmond, Virginia
http://www.heritagephotographs.com/presjefdav18.html
Southern States secede
 Lincoln received no support in the South because they
believed he wanted to end slavery. Since there were
so many more people in the North, he won the election
anyway.
 As soon as Lincoln won the election, the South started
to secede. This means the South split from the Union.
They no longer wanted to be part of the United States.
 Supporters of secession based their arguments on the
idea of states’ rights. They said they had voluntarily
joined the union, so they could leave when they
wanted.
Confederate States of America
 On December 20, 1860, South
Carolina became the first state to
secede. (formal withdrawal from
organization)
 They were followed by Mississippi,
Florida, Alabama, Georgia,
Louisiana, and Texas.
 The eleven states that had seceded
formed the Confederate States of
America.
 They named Jefferson Davis as
president.
 They wrote a new Constitution
which made slavery legal.
Civil War
A civil war is a war between people of
the same country.
There have been many civil wars, but
one of the worst happened in America.
The American Civil War was fought to
keep the South from leaving the Union.
Slavery was the major issue that
separated the North from the South.
The Civil War began at Fort Sumter.
Front Sumter, South
Carolina
Since South Carolina
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had seceded from the
United States, it
didn’t want Northern
soldiers on its land at
Fort Sumter
Southern General
Bueargard tried to get
the northern general
Anderson to
peacefully surrender
Fort Sumter.
Picture Credit: members.aol.com/larrykench/ W1861001.html
Fort Sumter
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The first major battle of
the Civil War began on
April 12, 1861.
After 2 days, the North
surrendered to the
South.
No one was killed but 1
soldier who was killed
when a cannon backfired
during the surrendering
ceremony.
Picture Credit: http://library.thinkquest.org/3055/graphics/battles/images/sumteranim.gif
Fort Sumter was in the South, and the
Union had a hard time defending the
fort.
There were 23 states in the Union
(North) at the beginning of the war.
There were 11 states in the
Confederacy (South) at the beginning
of the war.
North’s Advantages
The North some many advantages.
They had many more people and
also had more factories, which could
be used to make weapons
The Union also had many more miles
of railroad tracks.
South’s Advantages
 The South’s main advantage was that they were fighting
at home.
 This would mean that they would be closer to their
supplies.
 They also would fight harder because they were
protecting their homes.
 The Confederacy also had superior generals and better
trained soldiers.
 The South was also being supplied by England at the
beginning of the war. England wanted to keep trading
for the South’s cotton.
Battle of Bull Run
One of the first battles of the war was the
Battle of Bull Run.
The North realized after this battle that the
war would not be easy and would not be
over soon.
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Color Coded Map of Northern States,
Southern States and Border States.
Must write every state (initial only)
Label/Mark Fort Sumter with date
Title of Map is : Civil War 1861-1865
On back summarize advantages and
disadvantage of the North and South
Due at the end of class NO EXCUSE!
New Weapons
Many new weapons were used during the
Civil War.
One of these weapons was an ironclad
ship. An ironclad ship was a ship with iron
plates on it to protect it from cannon fire.
Other new weapons
Deadlier cannons
and bullets
More accurate rifles
Battle of Antietam
First time the Confederacy invaded Northern
territory was the Battle of Antietam.
It was bloodiest battle day in United States
history. 23,000 men lost their lives that day.
The Union army stopped the Confederate
army. This “victory” by the Union gave
President Lincoln the chance to announce
the abolition of slavery in the South.
Emancipation
Proclamation
Declared that all slaves
should be set free in the
Confederacy.
It also allowed blacks to
serve in the Union army
and navy.
South ignored the
Emancipation
Proclamation, but it did
change to focus of the war
to the issue of slavery.
Women in the Civil War
 Women on both sides
worked during the
war. Many became
nurses. The most
famous nurse from the
Union was Clara
Barton.
 She also helped
organize the American
Red Cross.
Battle of Gettysburg
 The Battle of Gettysburg was
one of the bloodiest battles of
the war.
 90,000 Union soldiers fought
75,000 Confederate soldiers.
 More than 50,000 men were
killed or wounded in the
battle.
 The Union won the battle.
The Battle of Gettysburg was the
turning point of the war. The
Confederacy would never invade
Union territory again.
Gettysburg Address
After the Battle of Gettysburg, President
Lincoln went to the battlefield to
dedicate a cemetery in honor of all
those who had died.
Lincoln spoke for two minutes, but his
speech became very famous.
It is called the Gettysburg Address.
Civil War Timeline
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Create a Civil War Timeline start with Dec.
20, 1860 and end with April 9, 1865
Use your notes and information from the video
Main events only, presidents, battles,
surrenders, etc.
Must be in chronological order (you may not
have all the dates and years that is ok make sure
the have first date and end date at least)
Life as a soldier
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Medicine
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death,
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etc