Transcript LINCOLN`S PLAN

 To
punish or not to punish the South – how to
reconstruct this Union?
 Rebuilding Southern Economy and Infrastructure
 Re-entry of individuals and/or states into the
Union
 Housing/land/education opportunities for former
slaves and poor whites in the south?
 Who fills vacant congressional seats?
 Ensuring civil and voting rights of all AfricanAmericans?

PROCLAMATION OF AMNESTY AND
RECONSTRUCTION (1863)

10% POPULATION TAKES OATH OF
LOYALTY TO U.S.

PRESIDENTIAL PARDONS TO THOSE
WHO TOOK THE OATH

STATE’S NEW CONSTITUTION HAD TO
ABOLISH SLAVERY

ANNOUNCED PLAN AS EARLY AS 1863

VERY MODERATE PLAN & VERY
LENIENT

HOPED LENIENCY WOULD END THE
WAR, BRING STATES BACK FROM THE
REBELLION, END SLAVERY, AND
CREATE UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE FOR
AFRICAN-AMERICANS

INTRODUCED IN 1864

HARSH/PUNITIVE PLAN - RADICAL
REPUBLICANS (UNDER LEADERSHIP
OF THADDEUS STEVENS)

DEMANDED LAND, RIGHTS, AND
VOTE FOR AFRICAN-AMERICANS

50% (PLUS ONE) OF WHITE MALE
POPULATION MUST TAKE LOYALTY
OATH

ONLY MALE CITIZENS WHO NEVER
AIDED IN THE REBELLION COULD
VOTE & HOLD OFFICE

RELIED ON THE FEDERAL COURTS
TO PROTECT AND GIVE RIGHTS TO
THE AFRICAN-AMERICANS

LINCOLN’S POCKET VETO KILLED
THE BILL
Thaddeus Stevens, Radical Republican

PROCLAMATION ISSUED IN MAY, 1865

BACKROUND AFFECTED HIS PLAN (DEMOCRAT
& THE COMMON (white) MAN)

HE HAD LITTLE SYMPATHY FOR WEALTHY
PLANTERS OR FOR AFRICAN-AMERICANS

GENERALPARDON TO THOSE WHO TOOK THE
OATH, EXCEPT WEALTHY PLANTERS AND
CONFEDERATE LEADERS, WHO HAD TO
APPEAL TO PRESIDENT JOHNSON DIRECTLY

TO BE READMITTED, STATE HAD TO RATIFY
THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT (ABOLISHED
SLAVERY)

HOPED TO SWAY POWER FROM RICH TO POOR
FARMERS IN THE SOUTH

PLAN WAS NOT WELL RECEIVED BY CONGRESS
-NEW (SOUTHERN )STATE GOVERNMENTS
COULD HOLD THE BELIEF THAT IT’S A WHITE
MAN’S GOVERNMENT, ALLOWING THE
READMITTED STATES MUCH LEWAY IN
RESTRICTING THE RIGHTS OF NEWLY
EMANCIPATED SLAVES
Using the map on page 275 of your text book, answer the
following questions regarding Military Reconstruction, 18671877:
1) In What year was North Carolina readmitted into the Union?
2) Who was the Union General in Charge of North Carolina
3) Which rebellious state was readmitted to the Union first?
Why?
PASSED BY RADICAL REPUBLICAN-LED CONGRESS IN
RESPONSE TO JOHNSON’S LENIENT PLAN (AND TO
THE RESULTING BLACK CODES BEING PASSED BY
SOUTHERN STATE LEGISLATURES), AND PASSED OVER
JOHNSON’S VETO…OVERLAID JOHNSON’S PLAN,
 DIVIDED REMAINING 10 SOUTHERN STATES (-TENN.)
INTO 5 MILITARY DISTRICTS, EACH GOVERNED BY A
FORMER US GENERAL
 STATE CONSTITUTION MUST GUARANTEE AFRICANAMERICAN MALE SUFFRAGE AND STATE HAD TO
RATIFY 14TH AMENDMENT TO REGAIN ADMITTANCE TO
UNION
 BARRED LEADING CONFEDERATE OFFICIALS FROM
HOLDING STATE OR FEDERAL PUBLIC OFFICE,
DESPITE JOHNSON’S PRESIDENTIAL PARDONS

1) Answer the questions on the sheet with
this Thomas Nast Political Cartoon.
2) Then Answer the following question:
What is the Meaning of Freedom?
Freedman’s
Black
Bureau (1867-1870)
Codes
Reconstruction Amendments
(13th – 15th)
Civil Rights Acts (1866 and 1875)
Compromise of 1877
SHARECROPPING
Most common form of farming
post civil war, since neither landowners nor farm workers (black or
white) had much money/cash
 Landowners dictated the crop (usually cotton) and provided tools,
housing and seed, in return for a “share” of the Crop (often 50%)

SHARE –TENANCY

Much like sharecropping, except that farm worker used own supplies,
so decided what crop to farm (so could grow food for family as well as
cash crop), and would pay for use of land with “share” of the crop
TENANT –FARMING

Tenant paid cash rent for use of land, thus was free to live where he
wanted and was free to choose and manage own crops



In the wake of political,
economic, and social turmoil in
the nation after the Civil War,
and
In this atmosphere of the
Federal government passing
legislation protecting AfricanAmerican rights and suffrage,
while state legislators in the
south were busy passing Black
Codes, to void the same AfricanAmerican rights, violence and
intimidation by whites against
blacks became the norm : The
KKK is born.
Enforcement Act of 1870 was
the Federal Response
(Aftershock: Beyond the Civil War )
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIC8i
fQlDVY (Intro )
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DY4qO0TwHM (Episode 5)

Scalawags (originally a term meaning
worthless livestock), referred to a group
of white Republican Southerners who
emphasize with the federal
Reconstruction. Some of the scalawags
were above board and being opposed
the Confederacy in earlier times and
later wanted a new South to emerge
from the ruins. Others cooperated with
or served in the Republican governments
in order to advance themselves of
money making events.

Carpetbaggers: white business people
from the North who moved to the South
during Reconstruction. Many of them
were former abolitionists who wished to
continue the struggle for equality.
Others saw the reconstruction of the
South as a political or economic
opportunity