Transcript CHAPTER 17 – THE TIDE OF WAR TURNS Section 1

Study Questions 17.1-6 (NB 16)
1. Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the
slaves when the war began, but then
decide in favor of emancipation?
2. What battlefield victory gave Lincoln the
opportunity to issue the Emancipation
Proclamation?
3. Why were few slaves freed by the
Emancipation Proclamation?
4. How did the Emancipation Proclamation
change the course of the war?
5. How did the 54th Massachusetts
become famous?
6. Why did black soldiers often face
greater hardships than white soldiers,
and great danger if captured?
Copy this on the bottom half of NB p. 17.
Group
Response
Abolitionists
(Three lines for each group)
Northern
Democrats
Union
Soldiers
White
Southerners
Slaves
Copy the following on the top half
of NB p. 17.
Class Notes 17.1a
Reasons
Results
(4 results)
(3 reasons)
Emancipation
Proclamation
CHAPTER 17 – THE TIDE
OF WAR TURNS
Section 1 – The Emancipation
Proclamation
Today we will
discuss the
Emancipation
Proclamation and
its impact.
Vocabulary
• emancipation – the act of freeing someone
• proclamation – an announcement
• recognize – to identify or acknowledge
formally
Check for Understanding
• What are we going to do today?
• Do teachers always recognize your
right to freedom of speech?
• What is emancipation?
What We Already Know
Although he did not
believe in racial
equality, Lincoln
believed slavery
was morally wrong.
Read aloud
with me!
What We Already Know
Read aloud
with me!
In a battle fought near
Antietam Creek in
Maryland, Union
forces had finally won
a slim victory against
Confederate general
Robert E. Lee.
What We Already Know
Read aloud
with me!
Britain was considering giving aid to the Confederacy, even though Britain was opposed to slavery.
Calls for Emancipation
• Abolitionists criticized
President Lincoln
because he had not
ended slavery.
• Some even said his
lack of action helped
the Confederacy.
William Lloyd Garrison
Calls for Emancipation
• Lincoln did not
emancipate
slaves when the
war began
because his first
priority was to
preserve the
Union.
• Also, he wasn’t
certain that he
had the power to
free them.
Calls for Emancipation
• He also did not want to
anger pro-Union groups
in the South and the
border states.
• He knew many white
Northerners opposed
emancipation.
• Lincoln wanted to bring
the Union back together,
not have the issue of
slavery divide the nation
even further.
Calls for Emancipation
• But Lincoln finally settled
on three reasons for
issuing a proclamation of
emancipation.
• First, abolitionists like
Frederick Douglass
convinced Lincoln that
making abolition a goal of
the war would cause tens
of thousands of free blacks
to enlist in the Union army.
Calls for Emancipation
• He also knew that if
emancipation became
a war aim, it would
change the war from
a disagreement over
the nature of the
Union to a war over
slavery.
• This would make it
more difficult for
Britain to recognize
the Confederacy as
an official country.
Calls for Emancipation
• Lincoln realized how
important slave labor
was to the South.
• Without it, the South
would grow weak and
be easier to defeat.
• By the summer of
1862, the president
had decided in favor of
emancipating enslaved
African Americans.
Calls for Emancipation
• But the Confederacy had won most major
battles so far, and Lincoln needed a victory
before issuing the proclamation.
• Otherwise, it could be seen as a desperate
act by a country losing its war.
Calls for Emancipation
McClellan’s victory over Lee at Antietam
gave Lincoln the opportunity to act.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
1. Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the
slaves when the war began, but then
decide in favor of emancipation?
Choose the statement that is NOT true!
1. Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the
slaves when the war began, but then
decide in favor of emancipation?
A. He did not believe he had the power under the
Constitution to abolish slavery where it already
existed.
B. He did not want to anger the four slave states
that remained in the Union.
C. He knew that most Northern Democrats, and
many Republicans, opposed emancipation.
D. He was concerned about the effects of
emancipation on the national economy.
Choose the statement that is NOT true!
Why did Lincoln decide in favor of
emancipation?
Why did Lincoln decide in favor of
emancipation?
A. He used it as a political tactic to split the
Northern Democratic Party.
B. He knew that without slave labor, the
South would grow weak and be easier to
defeat.
C. He knew that emancipation would irritate
and annoy Southerners.
D. Grant's victory at New Orleans had
stirred the nation and made the people
more supportive of emancipation.
2. What battlefield victory gave
Lincoln the opportunity to issue
the Emancipation Proclamation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Chancellorsville
Second Bull run
Antietam
Gettysburg
The Emancipation Proclamation
• As of January 1, 1863, Lincoln’s Emancipation
Proclamation would free all the slaves in
Confederate states still in rebellion against the
United States.
• Lincoln argued that ending slavery would
weaken the Confederacy. As Commander-inChief, he was allowed to take such action.
• Lincoln did not have the power to end slavery in
the North, but he did ask Congress to gradually
abolish slavery everywhere.
The Emancipation Proclamation
• Since the proclamation only applied to
slaves in the Confederacy, where Lincoln
couldn’t enforce it, few slaves were affected.
• But it was an important symbolic measure.
For the North, the Civil War was now a war
of liberation.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
What was the Emancipation
Proclamation?
The Emancipation
Proclamation was an
executive order issued by
Abraham Lincoln freeing
the slaves in all regions
that were in rebellion
against the Union on
January 1, 1863.
3. Why were few slaves freed by the
Emancipation Proclamation?
3. Why were few slaves freed by the
Emancipation Proclamation?
A. It only freed slaves in the Border
States.
B. It only freed slaves in slave states
that remained loyal to the Union.
C. It only freed slaves in United
States territories.
D. It only freed slaves in states still
in rebellion against the United
States.
Response to the Proclamation
In the North, abolitionists rejoiced, although
many believed that Lincoln should free all
slaves, including those in the border states.
Response to the Proclamation
Many Northern Democrats worried that the
proclamation would only prolong the war by
further angering the South.
Response to the Proclamation
Most Union soldiers
welcomed emancipation
because it would help to
weaken the South.
Response to the Proclamation
Southern whites were outraged at the thought
that Lincoln was threatening their way of life.
Response to the Proclamation
With so many Southern men away fighting
far from the plantations, news of the
proclamation caused slaves to become
defiant and disobedient.
Response to the Proclamation
Whenever the Northern armies drew near,
many slaves ran away to Union lines,
depriving the Confederacy of labor.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
How did Southerners react to the
Emancipation Proclamation?
A. Most ignored it as
something that could
never be done.
B. Most were outraged
because it threatened
their way of life.
C. Most were unaware of
it, since Southern
newspapers didn’t
write about it.
D. Most trivialized it by
making jokes about it.
4. How did the Emancipation
Proclamation change the
course of the war?
Choose all that are true!
4. How did the Emancipation
Proclamation change the
course of the war?
A. It freed over 8 million slaves immediately.
B. It informed European nations that the war
was now a holy war for freedom.
C. It forced the Confederacy into the position
of fighting a war specifically to preserve
slavery.
D. It announced that African Americans
would be allowed to enlist in the Union
army.
Choose all that are true!