Transcript General James Longstreet

GENERAL JAMES
LONGSTREET
CHILDHOOD
Born: January 8, 1821
Home: Georgia
Hobbies: Horseback riding, Hunting, and Fishing
Nickname: Pete
Acquired Traits: Strength, Self-reliance, Self-confidence,
and Hard working
Early Life
Dreams for the Future: Wanted to be like the many
war heroes in history, but the only way to achieve his
dreams and please his father was to go to a
prestigious military school.
Education: Richmond County Academy and later
the United States Military Academy at West Point
HOME LIFE
First Marriage: Louise Garland
Second Marriage: Helen Dortch
Children: Three died of scarlet fever
within a week of each other, two died at
birth, five lived on to become adults. All of
Longstreet’s children were a result of his
first marriage.
Wife with first two
children
Grave of
those three
children that
died due to
Scarlet Fever
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WAR YEARS
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Mexican War: Was
wounded in the leg at
Chapultepec as a major
under General Zachary
Taylor. Viewed this war
as a training ground for
the civil war.
1849 protected immigrants
that were moving into the
country. When he was relived
of this duty, he was assigned
an office job.
1854- 1858 Assigned to Fort
Bliss to protect farmers,
ranchers, and townsfolk from
Indians.
Civil War
He
was named brigadier general
over three untrained Virginia
regiments
Fought
for the South
because he was for
state’s rights. Even
though he was against
secession.
Had to resign from his
position in the Union army
in order to join the South
Battle of the First Manassas
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First battle that Longstreet’s
regiments were present at.
Was positioned at Blackburn’s
Ford.
During the battle, when the
Union troops’ defenses were
down, Longstreet asked for
permission to attack but was
instructed to retreat.
At this order he dashed his hat
furiously to the ground and
cried, "Retreat! Hell, the
Federal army has broken to
pieces."
Civil War cont.
During the first winter,
epidemics of measles
and typhoid spread
throughout the southern
camps, supplies were
low, and there was a
stalemate between the
North and South.
 Meanwhile, Longstreet
earned a new position as
major general in charge
of seven infantry
brigades


1862- Longstreet had
four remaining
children when the
Scarlet fever epidemic
struck. Even though he
lost three, he kept to
his duties and earned
the nickname “My Old
War Horse” from Lee.
When Longstreet
returned, his six
brigades were positioned
under Johnston and
their total troops
numbered 70,000
against McClellan’s
100,000.
 The Confederate troops
were in the process of
moving from Centreville
to a position behind the
Rappahannock River.
 Longstreet brought up
the rear and this proved
to be a good decision
when he defeated
advanced Union troops
at Williamsburg.

Longstreet was then entrusted with
half of the confederate infantry and
was directed to aid Stonewall
Jackson in his attack of Pope near
Orange Courthouse.
Longstreet lost the battle of Seven
Pines due to misinterpreted
orders…
…But made up for it with
outstanding courage during the
Seven Days Battle.
Longstreet’s attack with Jackson lead into the
Second Battle of the Manassas, in which the
Union army failed to win.
 A little more than two weeks later he was back in
battle at the Antietam.
 Lee then promoted
Longstreet to a position
as
Lieutenant general
in
charge of I Corps.

Note for
Longstreet
to take
charge of
I Corps
As the testing 1862 drew to a close, Longstreet
experienced yet another battle.
 This battle occurred at Marye’s heights at
Fredricksburg.
 Here the Union troops posed many suicidal
attacks at the Confederates and ended up having
twice as many casualties.

1863
The Suffolk Campaign, where Longstreet,
Pickett, and Hood were instructed to guard
Richmond, was Losgstreet’s first semi-total
command position.
 Longstreet left his position at Richmond and,
impressing vehicles along the way, collected
enough food to feed the army for two months.

THE BATTLE OF
CHANCELLORSVILLE
This was the battle that mortally wounded
Stonewall Jackson, earned Longstreet his place
as Lee’s right hand man, and began the
argument over statistics that lead to Gettysburg.
 Though all of this happened because of this
battle, Longstreet had not even been present for
it. He was in transit at the time.

THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
This was the time at which Lee made one wrong
move and the tides of war shifted direction.
 The first and second days Longstreet was meant
to attack the Union troops, but he hesitated and
lost that battle.
 On the third and final day, Picket lead a full on
charge onto the Union position with Longstreet
in tow.
 That day Longstreet lost almost all of his men
and the Confederate Army began to break up.

THE FINAL BATTLES
The Battle of Chickamauga- Confederate win
 The Knoxville Campaign- Longstreet was weary
at this point in the war and his troops were in a
bad position. Both aided to a Union win.

THE FINAL BATTLES CONT.
The Battle of the Wilderness- Longstreet’s troops
arrived between the first and second day. The
battle ended in a draw but the North could now
travel South without any interference from Lee.
But before it had ended, Longstreet had received
a shot to the throat given by his own men.
 On April 12, 1865, the war officially ended with
the Confederate surrender.

MISTAKES
Argued with general Lee at Gettysburg
 Was correct
 Became a republican
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