Transcript Civil War

Chapter 4
Lesson 2
Life in Battle
Life at Home
Vocabulary
Camp
Home Front
Civilian
Let’s Define
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Camp: A group of temporary shelters, such as
tents.
Let’s Define
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Home Front: The civilian activities of a country
at war.
Let’s Define
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Civilian: A person not serving in the military.
Build on What You Know
Not only did the war take men from their
families, it also divided some families when
members supported different sides.
In the Civil War, you literally had brothers
fighting against each other.
The Soldier’s Life
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Soldiers in the Civil War faced problems other
than fighting battles.
Can you think of some problems they faced?
The Soldier’s Life
Many men hoped for excitement and glory, but instead
found terror in battle, and boredom in camp.
To help with boredom, soldiers read, sang songs, or
wrote letters. Some even put on shows or printed
newspapers.
If soldiers got a letter from home, it made them “shout
for joy!!!”
Feeding the Soldiers
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Union soldiers grew tired of eating the same
food almost every day.
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Confederate soldiers suffered more because they
often did not have enough to eat.
Meet the Soldiers
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Civil War soldiers came from many different
backgrounds. At first, almost all were white and
born in the United States.
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As the war went on, the Union allowed African
Americans to join the army.
Meet the Soldiers
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Immigrants also joined the Union army. They
included people from:
Germany
Ireland
Italy
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American Indians fought on both sides.
Meet the Soldiers

Thousands of boys went into battle even though
they were too young. (Some served as drummers who
sent signals to soldiers in battle).
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Hundreds of women on both sides disguised
themselves as men and joined the army. Women
also worked as spies for one side or the other.
Meet the Soldiers
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More than 3,000 northern women served as
nurses.
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Clara Barton was a Union army nurse. She later
founded the American Red Cross.
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Southern women also cared for wounded
soldiers in hospitals and in their homes.
Casualties of War
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The Civil War was the deadliest war in American
history.

Disease killed twice as many soldiers than
fighting did.

Rifles could shoot farther and more accurately
than ever.
Question

What did women on both sides of the war do to
help their side?
Answer…
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Dressed as men and joined the army
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Spied
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Cared for the sick and wounded
Let’s Review
What did soldiers do to fight the
boredom of camp life?
Answer…
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Read
Sang
Wrote letters
Printed newspapers
Let’s Review
The Union army included immigrants
from what countries?
Answer…
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Germany
Italy
Ireland
Let’s Review
What made the Civil War so deadly?
Answer…
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Disease killed twice as many soldiers than
fighting did.

Rifles could shoot farther and more accurately
than ever.
On the Home Front
The civil War was difficult for people at home,
especially in the South.
Why was it especially difficult
for people in the South?
On the Home Front

The Civil War was especially difficult for people
in the South because most of the battles were
fought on their land.

Southerners saw their farms become battlefields.
Their cities, homes, and barns were destroyed.

With the men gone, the women had to take on
new tasks such as running farms and businesses.
Inflation
In the South, soldiers and civilians often did not
have enough to eat. Inflation, or a rise in prices,
made food very expensive.
Inflation

A barrel of flour that cost $6 in 1861 might cost
$1,000 in 1865!
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Butter jumped to $25 per pound!
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Each Confederate state printed its own money,
but inflation made the money almost worthless.
Did You Know?

The Emancipation Proclamation was signed in
1863.
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News of the Emancipation proclamation didn’t
reach Texas until June 19, 1865.
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This day became known as Juneteenth. It is still
celebrated in Texas today as the day slavery
ended.
Summary
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During the war soldiers faced danger in battle
and from disease.
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Soldiers came from many different backgrounds
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The Civil War affected the lives of ALL
Americans, not just soldiers.
Summary

African Americans and immigrants fought in the
war.

Children served as drummers.
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Women were spies and took on new
responsibilities at home. They ran farms and
businesses, made uniforms, socks, and bandages.
Question…
Who was Clara Barton?
Answer…
Clara Barton served as a Union nurse and later
founded the American Red Cross.
Just so you know…
During the Civil War, Americans lived through
some of the hardest years in the nation’s history.
Brave Women
Clara Barton
1821-1912
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Volunteered as a Union Army nurse.
Discovered soldiers did not have enough bandages or
medicine so she wrote letters to newspapers asking
people to make donations.
She risked her life on the battlefield to help wounded
and sick soldiers.
Later founded the American Red Cross
Brave Women
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Elizabeth Van Lew
1818-1890
Opposed slavery even before the war began.
Lived in Virginia (a southern state) and
convinced her mother to free the family’s slaves.
Became a spy for the Union army.
When the Confederate soldiers arrived in
Richmond, VA. she flew the Union flag for all
to see.
Brave Women
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Mary Chestnut
1823-1886
Kept a diary describing the collapse of the
Confederate government.
She was a wealthy South Carolinian whose
husband was a Confederate general.
Opposed to slavery.
Now you know…
This is the end of Chapter 4
Lesson 2
Now go show someone how smart you are!!!