Transcript Civil War at home

CIVIL WAR AT HOME
By: Trinity Fugal
B7
THE UNION
The North
THE NORTHERN WOMEN
Union Women- They organized Aid societies to help the troops
with food, clothes, and cash. Many tried to get into the war to nurse
and care for the wounded troops. In June 1861, the government
made the United
States Sanitary
Commission
group. By the end of
the war they
collected almost $15
million in supplies
collected, mostly by
women. Almost
20,000 women (black
and white)
worked in the war as
laundresses, cooks, and nurses.
ECONOMY
The cities in the North were the centers of wealth and manufacturing. They were skilled
workers. The North produced ¾ of the nations wealth.
They had a larger army with thousands of black
soldiers. They were better equipped to fight the war.
They had an extensive rail network which could deliver
weapons and men fast and cheap. At first it didn’t make
much difference until later
in the war. The difference
was so extreme that it’s surprising as to the fact that
the South almost won the war was ridiculous. The North had
wagons, tents, and nice, blue uniforms. To get money the
government produced a massive bond and green, paper
money. They introduced the first income tax in 1862 and the
Bureau of Revenue, later known as the IRS, was made. They
had a 80% rate of inflation each year while the South suffered
a 9,000% inflation by the end of the war. They also still had gold-backed money.
THE CONFEDERATE
The South
THE SOUTHERN WOMEN
Confederate Women- They cooked and
sewed as well. They provided blankets,
uniforms, sandbags, etc. They wrote
letters and worked as untrained nurses,
many a times from their homes. Many,
however, relied on slaves.
ECONOMY
It was hard for the South to move food, weapons, and men quickly. They had no
factories and the railroad system was very small. The Southerners were farmers,
often of tobacco and cotton. When they lost cotton exports, they had a lot of
trouble. They lost their banking system with no reserves of gold or silver. They
made paper money but few trusted it unless it was backed with gold. Without gold
or banks they had no choice but to print lots and lots of money. They tried to tax
but failed and suffered greatly as the market fell, they were sent into inflation.
People were starving and weapons weren’t cheap. They had far too many people
away at war.
THE COPPERHEADS
WHO THEY WERE
They were a democratic group ran by Clement L. Vallandigham of
Ohio. They would speak out during the war. Many were from the
mid west and felt sorry for the South. They were
named copperheads after the poisonous snake
because Abraham Lincoln
believed they threatened
the war effort. To stop their
motion, Lincoln suspended the right of
habeas corpus. The habeas corpus was “the constitutional protection
against unlawful imprisonment”. This made it so the Union officials
could put the enemies in jail without going to court AT ALL. It was
against the whole constitution. This caused a lot of distrust and
anger with the Democrats.
THEIR ROLE
The Copperheads impacted the peoples belief and trust in Abraham Lincoln. They
made numerous newspapers which reached the people and reflected how they felt
about Abraham Lincoln. In La Crosse Democrat by: Marcus Pomeroy, it states
“Fungus from the corrupt womb of bigotry and fanaticism” and a “worse tyrant
and more inhuman butcher than has existed since the days of Nero… The
man who votes for Lincoln now is a traitor and
murderer… And if he is elected to misgovern
for another four years, we trust some bold hand
will pierce his heart with dagger point for the
public good.” This was all about the “beloved”
President Lincoln. J.K. Feeks published a picture
of Lincoln as a king symbolizing that they no
longer felt free.
ELIZABETH BLACKWELL
The very first female doctor in England and more!
CHRONOLOGY
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1821: Born on Feb. 3 in Counter ship, Gloucestershire, England
1847: Begins medical studies in Geneva College in Geneva, New York
1848: Admitted to the Philadelphia hospital of Blackley Almshouse
1849: Publishes thesis stressing importance of sanitation and personal hygiene in fighting
disease; becomes first women in U.S. to receive M.D. degree, becomes naturalized American
citizen; becomes student midwife at La Maternite’ in Paris; loses left eye due to infection
contracted from a patient.
1850: Gains first clinical practice at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital in London
1852: The Laws of Life with Special Reference to the Physical Education of Girls published
1853: Opens free dispensary for poor patients near Tomkins Square in New York City
1857: Opens New York Infirmary for women and children
1858: Becomes first women to have her name entered in the British Medical Registry
1859: Gives lecture in Lender, where she meets Elizabeth Garrett and inspires her to
become England’s first women medical doctor
1861: Becomes chair of registration committee of the Women’s central Association of Relief
1868: Establishes Women’s Medical College of the New York Infirmary
1871: Adopts 7-year-old orphan Katherine Barry
1875: Appointed chair of gynecology at London School of Medicine for Women
CHRONOLOGY (CONT.)
 1895: Autobiography Pioneer Work in Opening the Medical Profession to Women
published
 1910: Died May 31 in Hastings, Sussex, England
Elizabeth Blackwell, pg. 26
BACKGROUND HISTORY
She was the 3rd of 9 kids. She was born to Samuel Blackwell, a sugar refiner, and
his wife, Hannah. She was very small and they lost an infant son so they feared
her life. Her father bought his sugar cane from the West Indies. They used
slaves, which he was strictly against. The children all shared a strict disagreement
with slavery and were highly religious. Many times, when Elizabeth was sick, she
would “walk it off ”. Her father also believed in women rights. They were quite
wealthy until they came to the America in August 1832 on the ship, Cosmo. Life
was good again after they rented a row house in New York. They soon,
however, were involved with abolitionists. Her father then joined antislavery
societies and, sadly, passed away ten years later. As you see, she was set up for
GREAT THINGS!!!
HER ROLE
Elizabeth Blackwell completely changed the war. She changed the outcome for so
many women and children. She:
 Changed hygiene
 Was the first women to receive an M.D. degree
 Published three amazing books
 Made a free dispensary
 Made two infirmaries
 Became a doctor
 Adopted a girl
 Added a school of medicine
 Received a degree in infection
I think she did enough!!!
Not only that, but she would serve anyone, black, white, man, women, child, anyone!
CLARA BARTON
Relief organizer/humanitarian
BACK ROUND HISTORY
She was born in 1821, the youngest of six children. She, instead of receiving an
education, worked as a clerk and storekeeper for her oldest brother. She worked as
a teacher and opened her own school in Bordentown, New Jersey in 1853. She
then moved to Washington D.C. in 1854 and until 1857 she was a clerk in the
patient office until anti-slavery opinions made her too “controversial”. When she
went to her home in New England she continued with charity and philanthropy
she started in Washington.
HER ROLE
In 1861 she returned to Washington and volunteered at the
Washington Infirmary. She soon left the hospital to work in the field.
She took three wagons to the Battle of Antietam where they were
desperately in need of supplies. She continued to travel with the
Union army and give her service.
WINFIELD SCOTT
A general in the United States army and unsuccessful
candidate of the Whig party in 1852.
BACK ROUND HISTORY
He was born in 1786 in Virginia, near Petersburg. His father was a farmer who served
in the Revolutionary War. His mother was a wealthy Virginian. Though his parents
died when he was young, he was given a lot of money. He served in the War of 1812,
the Black Hawk War in 1832, he became general-in-chief of the army in 1841, served
in the Mexican War in 1846, received a gold medal, and in 1860 he tried a failed
armory seizure.
HIS ROLE
He was Abraham Lincoln’s body guard till 1861. He issued
the Operation Anaconda policy, to “blockade the South and
starve it into submission”. Many found it funny or amusing
but indeed Lincoln put it into act which some say won the
war.
FREDERICK DOUGLAS
MOVIE CLIP
THE END