Transcript THE LEGACY OF THE Civil WAR - West Essex Regional School

THE LEGACY OF THE
Civil WAR
In what ways do you think the Civil War
impacted American society, economics,
and politics?
Long-term Causes
Immediate Effects
• Conflict over slavery
• Economic Differences
• Abolition of slavery
• Conflict over states’ rights
Short-term Causes
• Election of Lincoln
• Secession of Southern states
• Firing on Ft. Sumter
• Widening gap between N and S
economies
• Physical devastation to the South
• Reunification of the country
Short-term Effects
• Reconstruction of the South
• Industrial Boom
• Increased federal authority
POLITICAL CHANGES
• Power of federal gov’t is supreme— states’ don’t
•
•
•
•
have the right to secede
Extension of Federal Power— more involved in daily
lives of Americans
Income taxes first used— eventually 16th amendment
wrote into law, paper currency used
Citizens drafted into service— conscription
Civil liberties suppressed— habeas corpus
suspended
ECONOMIC CHANGES
• Northern Industry grows due to manufacturing and
selling war supplies
• Southern economy is destroyed —source of labor
gone, physically devastated, war debt, before war
owned 30% of nation’s wealth, after war only 12%
• National Bank Act of 1863: new and safer banking
system
Costs of War
• Civil War affected nearly
every family
• Deaths: Union = 360,000
CSA = 260,000
• ½ million are wounded—
maimed veterans become
a common sight
throughout the country
• Money—roughly 3.3
billion spent (5 times the
amount spent in 80 years)
600000
Union
500000
400000
CSA
300000
200000
100000
0
Deaths
All other
American
Wars
Toal Civil
War
deaths
•
•
•
•
WARFARE CHANGES
New Weapons: rifles, mini-balls, trench warfare
Grenades
Submarines
Iron-clad ships:
• Monitor (North)
v. Merrimack (South)
Lives Change
• 13th amendment: banned slavery everywhere “Neither slavery nor
involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall
have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.” 13th Amendment
to the Constitution
•
•
•
•
Soldiers return: what now?
Urban population grows
Many begin moving west
Families are destroyed by losses in their families
• “I pray that our Heavenly Father may assuage the anguish of
your bereavement, and leave you only the cherished memory
of the loved and lost, and the solemn pride that must be yours
to have laid so costly a sacrifice upon the altar of freedom”
President Lincoln
Lincoln’s Plan
• Lincoln’s Plan: 10% plan, began working
on it nearly a year before the war ended,
very forgiving plan, will never get to
implement his plan though
“With malice toward none, with charity for all,
with firmness in the right as God gives us to see
the right, let us strive on to finish the work we
are in, to bind up the nation's wounds”
President Lincoln, 1865
Assassination of the
President
• John Wilkes Booth — Southern sympathizer, Whig member,
well-known actor, blamed Lincoln for the South’s problems
• Ford’s Theatre (only 5 days after the Civil War ended) Lincoln is
assassinated
• Lincoln died at 7:22 am the next morning, and Andrew Johnson
was sworn in shortly thereafter
• Johnson takes over Reconstruction, Lincoln’s plan doesn’t pass
1. The Civil War began with
a.
b.
c.
d.
South Carolina seceding from the Union
Illegal formation of the CSA
Attack on Lawrence, Kansas, a center of free-soiler activity
Confederate attack on Ft. Sumter
2. The Emancipation Proclamation freed
a.
b.
c.
d.
All slaves
All slaves in enemy territory
All slaves living in western territory
All slaves in Union states
3. At Ford’s Theatre on April 14, 1865
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lincoln was shot
Lee signed the terms of surrender
The Civil War officially ended
Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address
4. The Civil War left the South
a.
b.
c.
d.
In full control of its government
In ruins
Largely unchanged
Financially stable with a great economy
5. Who assassinated Lincoln?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lee Harvey Oswald
John Wilkes Booth
Robert E. Lee
William Tecumseh Sherman
6. How did Lincoln’s assassination affect
Reconstruction?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lincoln’s plan didn’t pass
Lincoln’s plan was successful
Reconstruction ended quickly
Southern states were quickly readmitted to the Union
7. Which of the following did NOT contribute
to the Civil War being the 1st modern war?
a.
b.
c.
d.
telephone
Observation balloons
Iron-clad ships
submarines
8. What did Clara Barton, the “angel of the
battlefield” found?
a.
b.
c.
d.
American Red Cross
FEMA
Nurses of America
Blue Cross and Shield
9. Which of the following was an advantage the
South had going into the Civil War?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Larger army
More miles of railroad
Greater number of factories
More experienced generals
10. Grant’s victory at Vicksburg
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ended the South’s naval domination
Cut the confederacy in 2
Caused Gen. Lee to surrender
Forced Jefferson Davis to resign as President of the CSA