Transcript APUSH Content Review

APUSH Content Review #3
4.Jeffersonian to Monroe & the Era of
Good Feelings
5.Jacksonian Democracy; Antebellum
America
6.Manifest Destiny & Sectionalism
Jeffersonian &
Jacksonian Democracy
Review
Which of the following does NOT describe
the Louisiana Purchase of 1803?
1. the United States doubled in size
2. French power expanded in the
Western Hemisphere
3. Jefferson expanded the powers of
the presidency
4. the treaty of cession left some of the
boundaries vague
Between 1806 and 1809, non-importation,
non-intercourse, & embargo acts sought to:
1. bring peace between France and
Great Britain
2. balance Southern and Northern
economic power
3. forced Great Britain to recognize
American rights
4. help Britain in the Napoleonic Wars
The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine in
1823 was prompted by
1. the Russian annexation of Alaska
2. President Monroe's hope to increase
his popularity in time for re-election
3. the fear of European attempts to
restore colonial rule in Latin America
4. continuing British intervention in
Latin American affairs
As a result of the "Corrupt Bargain"
1. Henry Clay's American System
suffered a crushing defeat
2. the Monroe Doctrine was approved
3. the Bank of the US was established
4. John Quincy Adams became
president
In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme
Court declared that
1. Congress lacked the power to
charter a national bank
2. the state of Maryland was superior
to the United States
3. a state cannot tax an agency of the
federal government
4. a college had a right to a charter
The War Hawks were
1. mostly from New England
2. eager for war against Napoleon in
order to gain the Louisiana Territory
3. supporters of the American System
4. from the West & South who wanted
to take Canada from Britain
A consequence of the
Hartford Convention
1. helped to cause the death of the
Federalist Party
2. resulted in the rise of states' rights
3. called for southern secession from
the Union
4. supported use of state militias
against the British
In the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the
War of 1812
1. most U.S. demands were satisfied
2. the issues that had led to war were
finally resolved
3. nothing was settled beyond a
restoration of the prewar status quo
4. Britain agreed to end the
impressment of American seamen
All of the following were provisions of
Clay's "American System" EXCEPT
1. high tariffs to protect infant industries
2. federal funding for internal
improvements
3. assumption of state debts by the
national government
4. a national bank with state branches
The "Lowell System" refers to
1. employment of young women who
were then housed in dormitories
2. an early American labor union
3. a business organization with limited
liability for its owners
4. chattel slavery
Developments in transportation usually
occurred in the following order
1.
2.
3.
4.
railroads --> canals --> turnpikes
turnpikes --> canals --> steamboats
turnpikes --> canals --> railroads
canals --> turnpikes --> railroads
The Erie Canal revolutionized domestic
markets because it permitted the
1. shipment of wheat from Chicago to
the Pacific Northwest
2. transfer of goods from New York to
New Orleans along canals
3. movement of cotton from the Deep
South to New England
4. transport of gold from California to
the east coast
Which pair is incorrectly matched
1.
2.
3.
4.
Samuel Slater -- standardized rifles
Eli Whitney -- cotton gin
James Watt -- steam engine
Robert Fulton -- steamboat
Women and immigrants in the factory
system were similar because they both
1. were able to organize labor unions
successfully
2. were powerless to affect pay rates
or working conditions
3. saw conditions in their factories
slowly improve
4. found opportunities for rapid
improvement
Marshall's decisions in Fletcher v. Peck
and Dartmouth v. Woodward dealt with the
1. enforcement of federal law in the
territories
2. right of Indians to control their lands
3. sale of publicly held frontier lands
4. protection of contracts from violation
by state governments
Jacksonian Democrats favored all of the
following EXCEPT
1. rotation in office
2. universal suffrage for white males
3. the caucus system of nominating
candidates
4. presidential electors being chosen
by popular vote
The chief weapon used by Andrew Jackson
in his dispute with the National Bank was
1. paying government debts from tariff
revenue only
2. his decision to print more money
3. the support of the Supreme Court in
voiding the bank's charter
4. to deposit government money in
state banks
Which policy was adopted in the 1820s
and 1830s towards Native Americans?
1. the removal of Native Americans to
lands west of the Mississippi
2. the establishment of reservations in
various sections of the country
3. the forced migration of Indians to
territories owned by Mexico
4. the assimilation of Native Americans
and granting citizenship
Andrew Jackson's remark, John Marshall
has made his decision; now let him enforce
it, refers to the president's intention to
1. destroy the National Bank
2. make South Carolina obey federal laws
that the state thought unconstitutional
3. move the Cherokees west of the
Mississippi River
4. defeat the tariff of 1832
The Oneida Community
1. advocated "free love" to redefine
gender roles
2. called for celibacy and attracted
members of conversion
3. believed it liberated women from the
traditional bonds of family
4. was widely accepted by Americans
1.
2.
3.
4.
After 1830, which reform movement
began to overshadow the others?
antislavery
women's rights
temperance
prison and penal reform
Which does NOT characterize the early 19c
Second Great Awakening?
1. extreme displays of emotion
2. increased interest in social reforms
such as the temperance movement
3. acceptance of slavery as ordained
by God
4. extensive involvement by women
and African-Americans
1. George
■ As the 1st president,
Washington Washington established
2. John
important precedents:
Adams
–Gave legitimacy to the
3. Thomas
new
American
gov’t
Jefferson
st cabinet;
–Created
the
1
4. James
Hamilton’s financial plan;
Madison
Whiskey Rebellion
5. James
Monroe
–Precedents: 2 terms,
6. John Q.
commitment to keep the
Adams
U.S. out of foreign wars,
7. Andrew
& avoid political parties
Jackson
1. George
■ Political parties limited the
Washingto
Adams’ presidency:
n
–Federalists led by
2. John
Hamilton
(strong
gov’t)
Adams
–Dem-Republicans led by
3. Thomas
The Supreme Court (judicial
Jefferson
(strong
states)
Jefferson
branch) became an equal
4. James
■partner
Appointed
Marshall to
withJohn
the executive
andSupreme
legislativeCourt:
branches
Madison
the
5. James
–Marbury v Madison case
Monroe
created judicial review
6. John Q.
–The
courts
can
overturn
Adams
Congress or the president
7. Andrew
1. George
Washingto
n
2. John
Adams
3. Thomas
Jefferson
4. James
Madison
5. James
Monroe
6. John Q.
Adams
7. Andrew
■ Jefferson’s election marked
the “Revolution of 1800”—
a new party took over
■ Louisiana Purchase, Lewis
& Clark, Barbary Wars,
Embargo Act of 1807
1. George
■ The War of 1812 broke out
Washingto
between England & USA
n
over trade rights in Europe
2. John
Adams
3. Thomas
Jefferson
4. James
Madison
5. James
Monroe
6. John Q.
Adams
7. Andrew
1. George
Washingto
n
2. John
Adams
3. Thomas
Jefferson
4. James
Madison
5. James
Monroe
6. John Q.
Adams
7. Andrew
■ Era of Good Feelings
■ Monroe Doctrine (1823)
warned European nations
to stay out of the Western
Hemisphere & US will not
interfere in Europe
1. George
■ Jackson was a different kind
Washingto of president:
n
–Democratic Party was
2. John
formed after the “corrupt
Adams
bargain” in 1824 (vs JQA)
3. Thomas
–“Common man” in an era
Jefferson
when voting rights were
4. James
extended to all white men
Madison
–Extended spoils system,
5. James
nullification crisis, used
Monroe
veto, killed 2nd BUS
6. John Q.
–Indian
Removal
Act
(1830)
Adams
&
Trail
of
Tears
in
1838
7. Andrew
Manifest Destiny &
Sectionalism
Review
The prominent issue in national politics
in the 1840s was
1. the abolition of slavery
2. the temperance movement
3. the creation of a new national bank
4. the westward expansion of U. S.
territory
Manifest Destiny led to all of the following
EXCEPT:
1. war with Mexico
2. increased sectional conflict over
slavery
3. the annexation of Texas
4. the decline of the Democratic party
The application for California statehood
caused turmoil in Congress because
1. it would upset the balance between
slave and free states in the Senate
2. Democrats would allow no more
slave states into the Union
3. Whigs would allow no more free
states into the Union
4. Whigs feared it would lead to war
with Mexico
1.
2.
3.
4.
Had it passed, the Wilmot Proviso
would have
divided Texas into five slave states
prohibited slavery in any territory
won from Mexico
extended the Missouri Compromise
line to the Pacific
given legal sanction to the doctrine
of popular sovereignty
The term "Cult of Domesticity" refers to
1. the idealization of women in their
roles as wives and mothers
2. part of the Salem witchcraft trials
3. the Shakers, a religious sect
founded by Mother Ann Lee
4. Slavery as benevolent paternalism
The Know-Nothing Party
1. wanted to limit the rights of freed
slaves in the South
2. backed the early efforts of unskilled
workers to form unions
3. supported the claims of farmers
against the railroads
4. demanded an end to immigration
into the United States
Manufacturing in the Old South lagged
behind that in the North because
1. slavery was incompatible with
industry
2. Southern whites cared more about
prestige than profits
3. the South lacked important natural
resources
4. cotton was more profitable
The Nat Turner Rebellion taught white
southerners that
1. slave insurrections were an everpresent threat
2. gradual emancipation was inevitable
3. slaves should not be allowed to
work in cities
4. slaves should not be allowed to
read the Bible
1.
2.
3.
4.
Antislavery sentiment underlay the
formation in 1840 of the
Democratic Party
Union Party
Liberty Party
Know-Nothing Party
The American Colonization Society was an
antislavery organization that
1. advocated racial equality
2. favored immediate emancipation
3. advocated the forced shipment of
freed slaves to Africa
4. relied upon governmental action to
end slavery
The split in the American Anti-Slavery
Society in 1840 was over the issue of the
1. colonization of freed blacks in Africa
2. right of blacks to speak in racially
mixed gatherings
3. right of women to participate in the
antislavery society
4. role of blacks and women in the
antislavery movement
1.
2.
3.
4.
Many Southerners supported the
Compromise of 1850 because it
made the number of free states and
slave states equal
legalized slavery in all the newly
acquired territories
provided for the possible creation of
five states out of Texas
allowed the return of fugitive slaves
1.
2.
3.
4.
By allowing slavery north of 36º 30',
the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the
Dred Scott decision
Missouri Compromise
Compromise of 1850
Northwest Ordinance
Popular sovereignty sought to
1. allow blacks to vote in the KansasNebraska territories
2. force the Supreme Court to rule on
slavery's constitutionality
3. forbid masters from returning
runaway slaves to the South
4. let the residents determine their own
laws on slavery through elections
When the Supreme Court ruled in Dred
Scott v. Sanford (1857) that the Missouri
Compromise (1820) was an
unconstitutional, the court was exercising
1.
2.
3.
4.
judicial review
impeachment procedures
original jurisdiction
a check on the executive branch of
government
The 1860 Republican Party platform
favored all of the following EXCEPT?:
1. construction of a transcontinental
railroad
2. protective tariffs
3. the abolition of slavery.
4. free homesteads
The new Republican party
1. quickly won voter support in the
South in the 1854 & 1855 elections
2. prospered because of Northern
outrage over "Bleeding Kansas“
3. won the presidency the first time it
fielded a national ticket
4. advocated popular sovereignty to
defuse the issue of slavery
Abraham Lincoln opposed the Crittenden
Compromise because
1. he opposed the expansion of
slavery in the territories
2. it allowed popular sovereignty to be
overridden in the states
3. its adoption might provoke Kentucky
to leave the Union
4. he felt bound by President
Buchanan's earlier rejection of it
Manifest Destiny &
the Sectional Crisis
As America expanded West, problems
grew between the North & South over
issues of slavery and states’ rights
By the early 1800s, the many believed that the
th Century
Territorial
Expansion
by
Mid-19
USA had a “Manifest Destiny”—the right to claim
all lands from the Atlantic to the Pacific
Louisiana
•In 1803,
Jefferson
bought
Louisiana
from
France
Texasth Century
Territorial Expansion by Mid-19
•In 1845, Texas became a
U.S. state but dispute
with Mexico over its
borders led to the
Mexican-American War
The
Mexican
Cession
Mexican-American War
•The U.S. gained
the present-day
SW after winning
the MexicanAmerican War
Territorial Expansion by Mid-19th Century
Oregon
• The U.S. gained
Oregon from England
California
•The discovery of gold
in California led to a
gold rush in 1849
Key Abolitionists
Harriet Tubman led the
Underground Railroad
Frederick
Douglass was a
former slave
who fought to
abolish slavery
William Lloyd
Garrison, editor
of the newspaper
The Liberator,
fought to abolish
slavery.
Missouri Compromise, 1820-1821
The Compromise of 1850
CA admitted as
a free state
Popular sovereignty
would decide slavery in
Utah & New Mexico
Ended the slave trade
in Washington DC
(but not slavery)
A stronger Fugitive
Slave Law was
created to appease
the South
The Path to the Civil War
■ Despite these compromises,
hostilities between the North & South
got worse in the late 1850s
–The Dred Scott Supreme Court
decision declared that slaves were
property, not citizens
–Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet
Beecher Stowe showed Americans
how bad slavery was
–Lincoln’s election in 1860 scared
many Southerners who believed
Lincoln would make slavery illegal
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