Transcript US Presidents 1-44

US Presidents 1-44
George Washington
• Served: 1789 – 1797
• Vice President : John
Adams
• First Lady: Martha
Washington
• Party Affiliation:
None
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Commander of Continental Army
President of Constitutional Convention
Unanimously elected twice
Portrait on $1.00 Bill
Likeness carved on Mount Rushmore
John Adams
• Served: 1797 – 1801
• Vice President:
Thomas Jefferson
• First Lady: Abigail
Smith
• Party Affiliation:
Federalist
• Successfully defended British Soldiers accused
of murder in Boston Massacre
• Signed Declaration of Independence
• Negotiated Treaty of Paris in 1783 ending the
American Revolution
• First President to occupy White House
• Father of the 6th President
Thomas Jefferson
• Served: 1801 - 1809
• VIce President: Aaron
Burr, George Clinton
• First Lady: Widowed
in 1782.
• Party Affiliation:
DemocraticRepublican
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Author of the Declaration of Independence.
Virginia Governor (1779 – 1781)
Financed Lewis and Clark Expedition
Portrait on $2.00 bill and Nickel
Likeness carved on Mount Rushmore
James Madison
• Served: 1809-1817
• Vice President:
George Clinton,
Elbridge Gerry
• First Lady: Dorothea
Todd
• Party Affiliation:
DemocraticRepublican
• “Father of the Constitution:
• Played a large role in drafting Bill of Rights
• President during War of 1812
James Monroe
• Served: 1817 - 1825
• Vice President: Daniel
Tompkins
• First Lady: Elizabeth
Kortright
• Party Affiliation:
DemocraticRepublican
• Captured Florida from Spain
• Signed Missouri Compromise, temporarily
setting slavery issue
• Monroe Doctrine declared America closed to
further foreign colonization.
John Quincy Adams
• Served: 1825-1829
• Vice President: John
Calhoun
• First Lady: Louisa
Catherine Johnson
• Party Affiliation:
DemocraticRepublican
• Son of the 2nd president
• Named “Old Man Eloquent” because of his
persuasive speeches
• Member of congress for 18 years after he was
president
Andrew Jackson
• Served: 1829-1837
• Vice-president: John
C. Calhoun
• Party Affiliation:
Democratic
• First Lady: Widowed
in 1828
• War Hero nicknamed ”Old Hickory”
• Founder of Democratic Party
• Indian Removal Act forced migration of
American Indians
• On the $20.00 Bill
Martin Van Buren
• Served: 1837-1841
• Vice-president:
Richard M. Johnson
• Party Affiliation:
Democratic
• First Lady: Widowed
in 1819
• Ran for president 3 times.
• “O.K.” comes fro the campaign slogan “Old
Kinderhook”
• Believed government role should be small
even in times of need
• Helped form first “Political Machine,” an
organization that trades favors for votes.
William Henry Harrison
• Served: 1841
• Vice-president: John
Tyler
• Party Affiliation: Whig
• First Lady: None
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First Whig president
Grandfather of the 23th president
Served shortest term of all presidents
First president to die on office. Died in the
White House.
John Tyler
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Served: 1841-1845
Vice-president: None
Party Affiliation: Whig
First Lady: Letitia
Christian and Julia
Gardiner
• First vice President to become President
• Because a president without any ties because
the Whigs disbanded
• First President married in office
• First impeach attempt (it Failed)
• Set up trade relations with China
James Knox Polk
• Served: 1845-1849
• Vice-president:
George M. Dallas
• Party Affiliation:
Democratic
• First Lady: Sarah
Childress
• First Dark-horse (little known) candidate
• Mexican War Victory extended nation’s
boundaries to pacific ocean
• Gold Rush spurred western expansion
• Oregon Treaty established 48th parallel as
Canadian Border
Zachary Taylor
• Served: 1849-1850
• Vice-president:
Millard Fillmore
• Party Affiliation: Whig
• First Lady: Margaret
Mackall Smith
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Called ”Old Rough and Ready” by his troops.
Never voted until his own presidential election
1st election held at the same time in all states
Died in the Whitehouse after 16 months in
office
Millard Fillmore
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Served: 1850-1853
Vice-president: None
Party Affiliation: Whig
First Lady: Abigail
Powers
• Last Whig President
• Compromise of 1850 delayed Civil War by 10
years
• Enforced the Fugitive lave laws
• Financed expedition to far East, opening door
to trade with japan
Franklin Pierce
• Served: 1853-1857
• Vice-president:
William R. King
• Party Affiliation:
Democratic
• First Lady: Jane
Means Appleton
• Supported immigrant rights
• Unsuccessful attempt to seize Cuba From
Spain
• Purchase Land from Mexico, establishing
present border
• Passed controversial Kansas-Nebraska Act,
nullifying Missouri Compromise
James Buchanan
• Served: 1857-1861
• Vice-president: John
C. Breckinridge
• Party Affiliation:
Democratic
• First Lady: Never
Married
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Only Bachelor President
40 years prior service in Congress and senate
Campaigned on “Save the Union” theme
During presidency, six slave states seceded to
form new “Confederate States of America”
• Democrats split into North and South during
1860 presidential election, but neither would
re-nominate him.
Abraham Lincoln
• Served: 1861-1865
• Vice-president:
Hannibal Hamiln,
Andrew Johnson
• Party Affiliation:
Republican
• First Lady: Mary Todd
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President during the Civil War
Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves
Assassinated beginning of the 2nd term
Portrait on $5.00 bill and penny
Likeness carved on Mount Rushmore
Andrew Johnson
• Served: 1865-1869
• Vice-president: None
• Party Affiliation:
Union
• First Lady: Eliza
McCardle
• Only southern senator during the Civil War
who refused to secede with his state
• 1st impeachment vote by House of
Representatives, acquitted by Senate
• Start of Southern Reconstruction
• Slavery officially abolished
• Purchased Alaska from Russia
Ulysses Simpson Grant
• Served: 1869-1877
• Vice-president:
Schuyler Colfax,
Henry Wilson
• Party Affiliation:
Republican
• First Lady: Julia Dent
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General-in-Chief of the union Army
Continued Reconstruction of the South
Established Yellowstone National Park
Portrait on $50.00
Rutherford B. Hayes
• Served: 1877-1881
• Vice-president:
William A Wheeler
• Party Affiliation:
Republican
• First Lady: Lucy Ware
Webb
• Volunteer counsel for Underground Railway
helping slaves win their freedom
• Congress had to create special electoral
Commission to decide deadlock presidential
election.
• Declared winner just 56 hours before
inauguration
• Withdrew Troops from South
James Abram Garfield
• Served: 1881
• Vice-president:
Chester Alan Arthur
• Party Affiliation:
Republican
• First Lady: Lucretia
Rudolph
• Served 6 months
• 2nd president to be assassinated
• Alexander Graham Bell tried unsuccessfully to
locate bullet in Garfield's back
• Death served as catalyst for civil service
reform
Chester Alan Arthur
• Served: 1881-1885
• Vice-president: None
• Party Affiliation:
Republican
• First Lady: Widowed
in 1880
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Defender of Civil Right for Blacks
Passed first Civil service Law
Modernized Navy
Unsuccessfully vetoed bill prohibiting Chinese
immigration
Grover Cleveland
• Served: 1885-1889
• Vice-president:
Thomas A. Hendricks
• Party Affiliation:
Democratic
• First Lady: Frances
Folsom
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1st Democratic president after the Civil War
Married in White House
Dedicated Statue of Liberty
Forced return of illegal railroad lands
Benjamin Harrison
• Served: 1889-1893
• Vice-president: Levi P.
Morton
• Party Affiliation:
Republican
• First Lady: Caroline
Lavinia Scott
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Called “ little Ben” because of his size
Grandson of 9th president
Established first Pan American Congress
Enlarged the Navy